Zinthu zoopsa ndi zovulaza za kupanga.

Panthawiyi, chifukwa cha chitukuko chomwe chikuchitika mofulumira, chitetezo cha antchito chikukakamizidwa kupeza mayankho a mafunso onse atsopano. Chofunika kwambiri mwa iwo ndi momwe angasungire thanzi la anthu kuntchito. Lero tiyenera kumenyana ndi mphamvu zathu zotsutsana ndi zochitika ngati zoopsa komanso zovulaza. Iwo ali osiyana mosiyana pakati pawo ndi kulimbana nawo, ndikofunikira kumvetsa chomwe kwenikweni.

Zinthu zoopsa zogulitsa ndizo zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto, mwachitsanzo, njira zosiyanasiyana, makina. Koma zovulaza pang'onopang'ono ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimatsogolera kuwonekera kwa matenda osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito, mwachitsanzo, khansa, mankhwala.

Zomwe zimapangidwira ndi zolemba zake ndi izi: gulu loyamba - thupi (vibration, phokoso, fumbi), gulu lachiwiri - mankhwala (kutsogolera, mercury, radium), gulu lachitatu - tizilombo (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, spores, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda) ndichinayi - psychophysiological (nkhawa, overwork , Kutopa kwambiri).

Chowonadi ndi chakuti zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira ndi makhalidwe awo tsopano ndizovuta kwambiri, chifukwa cholimbana ndi boma, kukhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa zofunika ndizofunikira. Ndipotu, m'dziko lonse lapansi m'mayiko otukuka muli matupi omwe amayang'anira kutsata ndondomeko ya zinthu zovulaza ndi zoopsa.

Kotero, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimawopsyeza thanzi labwino, zimakhala zodikira anthu anzathu kudera lonseli? Tiyeni tiyambe ndi phokoso, lomwe silimveka kokha phokoso limene limapezeka pamagetsi othamanga mumagetsi, olimba ndi osokoneza. Phokoso limapangitsa kuti munthu asamve bwino komanso amalepheretsa ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya munthu. Phokoso likumveka, limakhudza kwambiri liwu lakumva limene likumveka. Kuti muyese voliyumu, mita ya phokoso lamakono tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Motero, mphamvu zopitirira 140 decibel zimapangitsa mosavuta zotsatira zowawa. Mwachidziwitso, zotsatira za phokoso zimatha kuwonetseredwa muziwonetsero zotere: kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatuluka, kuchepa kwa kumva kumachepetsedwa, mphamvu ya ntchito, chidwi chafooka, chizungulire, kusowa tulo, kufooka. Pofuna kuthana ndi zotsatira za phokoso la thupi la munthu, kutsekemera, zida zotetezera, zida zotetezera (zipewa zamtengo wapatali, zipewa zamakutu, etc.) zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Zinthu zovulaza za mankhwala - mankhwala. Amagawidwa m'magulu otere: ziphe zolimba (zojambula zina, arsenic, kutsogolera) ndi mpweya wamadzi ndi poizoni (acetylene, mafuta, ether, etc.). Mwa mtundu wa poizoni amagawidwa mu caustic, kukhudza magazi, kupuma, dongosolo la mantha. Kulamulira pa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopwetekazi popanga ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi malo osungirako zinthu komanso odwala matenda. Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zotsatira zawo kwa anthu, nkofunika kupanga ndi kupanga mechanize momwe zingathere.

Zinthu zovulaza zapangidwe - izi ndi fumbi la banal. Mitundu yamphamvuyi, yomwe ili mlengalenga kwa kanthaŵi koyima, imapangidwa pakuika nyumba, malo oyeretsera, kumaliza ntchito ndi zina zotero. Kuwonongeka kwa fumbi kwa munthu kumadalira momwe zimakhalira.

Pakalipano, chifukwa cha mphamvu ya atomiki, miyendo ya dzuwa imawononga kwambiri thupi la munthu. Zingayambitse matenda oopsa, monga matenda a radiation kapena khansara. Koma, mwatsoka, tsopano mu arsenal ya asayansi kuzungulira dziko lapansi muli njira zenizeni zothandizira kuteteza ma radiation.

Kuchokera ku zinthu zamoyo, makamaka akatswiri a sayansi ya sayansi, madokotala ndi asayansi akuvutika. Pofuna kuthana ndi zotsatira za thupi la mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timayenera kukhala ndi ma antibayotiki apadera.

Zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu azitha kugwiritsira ntchito maganizo awo zimakhudzanso anthu ogwira ntchito, monga woyendetsa galimoto, woyendetsa mayesero ndi zina zotero. Limbani nawo mothandizidwa ndi kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi kupereka zosangalatsa zolimbikitsa.