Mzinda wa Kazan State Aviation Plant wotchedwa SP Gorbunov

Ndege ya Kazan Gorbunov ndilo ndege yoyendetsa ndege ya Russia yomwe imakonzekera kukonza mabomba okwera ndege, ndege zamtundu komanso zapadera. Kuyambira 2013 ndi nthambi ya PJSC "Tupolev".

Kufotokozera

Chomera cha OJSC cha Kazan Aviation chili ku Kazan, likulu la Tatarstan. Kuphatikiza pa kupanga kwakukulu, akuthamanga ndege ya Borisoglebskoye, yomwe ili pafupi. Ntchitoyi inagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poteteza dziko. Kuphulika kwa nthawi yaitali kwa cholinga, kuphatikizapo omwe angathe kunyamula zida za nyukiliya, kunapangidwa kuno.

KAZ ili ndi sayansi yapamwamba ndi yotheka kupanga. Chidziwitso chochulukiracho chimatilola kuti tipange chitukuko cha mapulogalamu apamwamba. M'kati mwa makoma ake, mabungwe apadera omwe amatha kukhala okhulupirika kwambiri amasonkhanitsidwa ku Likulu la Pulezidenti wa Russian Federation, General Staff, komanso zomangamanga.

Ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku

Chitsamba cha Kazan Aviation chinakhazikitsidwa poyamba monga nthambi ya fakitale ya ndege ya Moscow. Kuikidwa kwa msonkhano woyamba kunayamba mu 1932, pofika mu 1935 malo akuluakulu adakhazikitsidwa. Mofanana, chombo chamagalimoto chinamangidwa, malo okhalamo otchedwa "Social Town". Komabe, zilangozo zinapangitsa antchito kubwerera, ndipo kumasulidwa kwenikweni kwa ndegeyi kunayendetsedwa mu 1938 basi.

Ndondomeko yoyamba inali yaikulu - kusonkhanitsa zimphona zakumwamba ANT-16, ANT-20 (Maxim Gorky), ANT-26 (ndi katundu wa bomba la tani 16 ndi mapiko a mapiko 95). Komabe, zolinga zina za pepala sizinapite. Pa ndege zitatu zamphamvu ANT-20bis anagogoda pa slipways mu 1936, koma pofika mu 1939 zinali zotheka kusonkhanitsa woyamba mwa iwo (ndi dongosolo la boma la magawo 18). Zomwe zimachitika pakupanga mabomba a DB-A "Annushka" sizinapambane.

Ku Ulemerero wa Mamaland

Mu 1939 Chitsamba cha Kazan Aviation chinayamba kudziwika ndi "Machine No.2" yatsopano. Mapeto a 4-motor-transporter anakhala amodzi ku DKA a Red Army ndipo anabweretsa chomeracho ngati chipambano choyenera cha ntchito. Mphindi 8 (ANT-42) inakhala ndege yoyamba yothamanga kwambiri ya Soviet ya "Flying Fortress" kalasi. Iye anali ndi maonekedwe abwino kwambiri motsutsana ndi "kuyenda pang'onopang'ono" kwa mibadwo yakale.

Patapita kanthawi, chitsanzo chachikulu cha chomeracho chinali bomba la dive la wojambula yekha Pe-2. Panthawi ya nkhondo, KAZ inasonkhanitsa magalimoto pafupifupi 10,000. Ntchito imagwira ntchito popanda mapepala, mapeto a sabata ndi maholide.

Chomera chofunika kwambiri

Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse inasonyeza kufunika kwa mabomba akuluakulu aatali omwe amatha kufooketsa chitukuko cha mdani ndi kupanga. Ndi kukula kwa mabomba amphamvu kwambiri, mphamvu zawo zawonjezeka. M'zaka zoyambirira za mtendere, Kazan Aviation Plant inapanga chikalata cha American B-29 chovomerezeka bwino pansi pa chizindikiro cha TU-4. Komabe, ndege ya pistoni yokhala ndi ndege zoposa 5000 km sizinali zachilengedwe. Momwemo USA inakhala mdani wamkulu wa dziko la USSR.

Ndege ya Tu-16 yomwe inkatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati bomba, monga galimoto yamtundu, galimoto, galimoto, njinga, ndi zina zotero, zinayamba kugwedezeka. Liwiro la 980 km / h ndi kukwera kwake kufika mamita 13,400 linatheketsa kugonjetsa mdima wa adani. Komabe, zowonjezera zake zinali zochepa kuposa za Tu-4 - 4000 km. Zinali zothandiza polimbana ndi zombo, zinawonjezeredwa ndi kutentha kwa Soviet Navy ndi chitetezo cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Chipangizo choyambitsira choyamba chinapangidwa ku KAZ mu 1953. Malingana ndi ziwerengero, Tu-16, kuchotsedwa ku Russia Air Force dongosolo m'ma 90s, ndi ndege yotalika kwambiri padziko lonse. Ma analogs ake osinthidwa akupitiriza kutumikira ku China ndi mayiko ena ambiri.

Gawo lotsatila linali banja la ogwira ntchito zamakonzedwe amtundu wautali Tu-22. Chinthu chachikuluchi chinapangidwa kuyambira 1960 mpaka 1966. Zonse zokwana 311 zinasonkhanitsidwa. Kuchokera mu 1967 mpaka 1990, tinapangidwanso Tu-22M (0-1), Tu-22M2 ndi Tu-22M3 pokhala ndi zowonjezereka zowonjezereka ndi zofunikira.

Ndege zankhondo

Kuwonjezera pa kulimbana ndi ndege, chombo cha Kazan Aviation chinapanga oyendetsa ndege. Chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 50, boma linapatsa chitsanzo cha Tu-16 yopanga ndege kuti ikanyamula okwera ndi katundu. Chotsatira chake, chigawo cha Tu-104 chinalengedwa - woyamba mu ndege ya USSR yopita ku ndege. Mu 1956, timapepala ta Tu-110 omwe tinapanga nawo maphwando ndi alembi akuluakulu adakhazikitsidwa.

M'zaka za m'ma 1960, mbali imodzi ya mphamvuyo idakonzedwanso chifukwa cha anthu oyendetsa galimoto komanso oyendetsa galimoto IL-62, yomwe inalowetsedwa ndi IL-62M. Mpaka 1994, mayunitsi 278 a zisinthidwe zonsezo anapangidwa. Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1990, KAZ inagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha Tu-214, chomwe chinatsimikiziridwa mu 1997. Tsopano malo ogwirira ntchito akugwira ntchito pamakampani a Tu-324 oyenda pang'onopang'ono komanso galimoto yonyamula Tu-330.

"White Swan"

12/18/1981 Ulendo woyamba unapangidwa ndi bomba lopambana kwambiri lomwe linalipo kale la Tu-160, lotchedwa NATO "Blackjack". Mpangidwe wake wapadera wokhala ndi mapiko othamanga akuthawa ndi ofanana ndi kukongola kokongola. Choncho, ku Russia, amamukonda kwambiri dzina lake "White Swan".

Ngakhale kuti ntchitoyi inatha, Chinyumba cha Kazan Aviation. SP Gorbunov wochokera kwa purezidenti adalandira lamulo kuti apitirizebe msonkhano wodula mabomba ndi opanga ndege, zipangizo zamakono ndi zamakono. Mtunda wa pafupifupi 14,000 km umakulolani kuti mugwire zolinga ku maiko ena. Tu-160 ndilo maziko a chigawo choyendetsa ndege cha "nyukiliya ya katatu" ya Russia.

Kupanga

Masiku ano KAZ ili ndi ntchito zotsatirazi:

• Kusamaliridwa kwa Tu-22M3.
• Kupanga, ntchito ya Tu-160.
• Kupanga, kukonza kusintha kwa Tu-214.
• Ntchito IL-62M.
• Kupanga ndege zapadera.
• Kukula kwa ndege zatsopano.

Fakitale ya ndege ya Kazan imakhalabe mphamvu yovomerezeka mu zomangamanga. Mgwirizano ndi PJSC "Tupolev" imachepetsa kuyambitsidwa kwa zitsanzo zatsopano za ndege komanso zimalola kupanga kupanga.