Agranulocytosis - ndi chiyani ichi? Agranulocytosis ana ndi akulu: Zizindikiro, zimayambitsa ndi mankhwala

Laboratory Kupenda magazi kuchita pafupifupi nthenda iliyonse. Izi chikugwirizana ndi okhutira nkhani ya zofufuza lapansi. Pa kusintha magawo munthu magazi Tingaone pa etiology matenda, kuopsa kwa ndondomeko pathological. Information pa kuchuluka kapena kuchepa ena maselo yeniyeni plasma amalola yeniyeni kuyan'anila ankaganizira. Mwachitsanzo, khansa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magazi m'thupi. Mmodzi zasayansi zizindikiro ankaona agranulocytosis. syndrome iyi imene kumachitika yekha kapena osakaniza ndi kusintha ena mwa magazi. chizindikiro Izi zikusonyeza kukhalapo kwa matenda aakulu.

Agranulocytosis - ndi chiyani ichi?

Matenda a magazi kumatanthauza sayansi hematology. Siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo, zimene zikusonyeza aakulu pathological zimachitika agranulocytosis. syndrome Izi amakhala ndi kuchepa kutchulidwa mu mlingo wa maselo oyera - leukocytes. N'zofunika kwa ulamuliro wa wothandizila matenda kulowa m'thupi pa matenda.

Normal woyera achiyesa maselo a magazi ndi wofanana 4-9 x 10 ⁹ / l. Kuchuluka kwa maselo amenewa akusonyeza chitukuko cha cholinga yotupa. Kusowa kwa maselo oyera kumachitika pamene kulephera kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi, chopinga wa hematopoiesis, kuledzera. Agranulocytosis - ndi zasayansi matenda yodziwika ndi kuchepa kwa mlingo wa maselo oyera 1 x 10 ⁹ / l kapena zochepa (neutrophil - 0.75 * 10 ^9). Chifukwa chakuchepa kutchulidwa maselo mthupi pali njira zosiyanasiyana opatsirana toyambitsa tizilombo etiology. Kudziwa matendawa, matenda magazi mayeso n'kofunika.

Pafupipafupi zosayembekezereka wa agranulocytosis

Izi syndrome hematologic kumachitika pakati pa anthu amuna ndi akazi. Kobadwa nako agranulocytosis kawirikawiri olembedwa, poyerekeza ndi matenda anapeza. Mofananamo, kusintha zikuchokera ma mwazi sitichedwa akazi usinkhu wapakati (kwa zaka 40). Pafupipafupi Mbali imeneyi labu ndi osiyana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Pafupifupi agranulocytosis wapezeka anthu 1 kunja kwa 1200. A kuchepetsa kwambiri chiwerengero cha maselo oyera sitichedwa Caucasians.

Zifukwa chitukuko cha agranulocytosis

N'chifukwa chiyani kukhala agranulocytosis? Chifukwa chikhalidwe ichi pathological zimadalira zosiyanasiyana matenda. Kobadwa nako agranulocytosis chifukwa cha chibadwa. syndrome ananena kuti pathologies chibadwa zotsimikizika. Chiopsezo kuti mwana wobadwa mayi akudwala kapena atate, chichitike syndrome izi ndi mkulu. The zifukwa kuchititsa anapeza agranulocytosis monga:

1. matenda Autoimmune. pathologies oterowo ndi zokhudza zonse lupus erythematosus, matendawa, nyamakazi. Mu matenda amenewa, chitetezo cha m'thupi sikuti umalimbana particles zakunja, komanso maselo a thupi lomwe.
2. Ndinakumana ionizing cheza. Chinthu ichi kumabweretsa kuponderezana si hematopoietic nyongolosi woyera kokha, komanso wofiira.
3. Kulandira mankhwala cytostatic. medicaments awa anasonyeza matenda enaake ophwanya ndi khansa. The sangathe wa mankhwala ndi cytostatics ndi mankhwala opha maselo yachibadwa.
4. ntchito nthawi yaitali mankhwala (mwachitsanzo, TB), NSAIDs ndi wothandizila antiparasitic.
5. matenda akulu. Kuchepa lakuthwa chiwerengero cha neutrophils zingaoneke mu chiwindi tizilombo, chikuku, chikuku, nthomba, fuluwenza, ndi zina zotero. D.

Dziwani kuti agranulocytosis si nthenda palokha. syndrome uwu sungakhoze kukhala popanda chifukwa yeniyeni. Iye nthawizonse kugwirizana ndi ena obwera pathological.

Limagwirira chitukuko cha agranulocytosis

Neutrophils ndi maselo zoteteza magazi. Iwo anapanga mu m'mafupa ndi anamasulidwa mu lalikulu zedi mosalekeza. Maselo amenewa chifukwa cha pafupifupi 70% ya leukocytes okwana. Ndi kupanda chitukuko cha mwazi wa zinthu izi kusiyana neutropenia. Agranulocytosis ankaona mitundu patsogolo chikhalidwe. Kobadwa nako akusowa wa neutrophil ndi okwana woyera achiyesa selo kumachitika chifukwa kukhalapo kwa jini nthenda.

Chifukwa cha zinthu exogenic, kukula kwa maselo oyera yafupika kapena ikutha kwathunthu. limagwirira wina wa matendawa imatengedwa kupanga chitetezo kwa neutrophils lapansi. Motero, agranulocytosis. MAGAZI nthawi yomweyo idzasintha pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Ndipotu pa moyo wa neutrophils yochepa chabe. Ndi kwa masiku 2 3.

Gulu la zinthu pathological

Timauza ndi limagwirira pathogenetic secrete classifications angapo agranulocytosis. Malinga ndi izi kutali kobadwa nako ndipo anaphunziranso akusowa wa neutrophils. Mbali yoyamba, vuto hematological kumachitika pamene zotsatirazi pathologies chibadwa:

1. Granulomatous matenda.
2. Banja neutropenia.
3. Shvahmana-Dayemonda syndrome.
4. Kostmann matenda.
5. Syndrome Shediac-Shtaynbrinka-Higashi.
6. Kobadwa nako aleukia.

Kuthi akusowa ya maselo oyera lagawidwa autoimmune, ndi hapten myelotoxic agranulocytosis. Aliyense wa mitundu imeneyi ali limagwirira zake chitukuko. Pambuyo pake pathological ndondomeko n'kopanda pachimake ndipo limati aakulu agranulocytosis. Komanso mu gulu zachokera zovuta matendawa.

Kufotokozera m'thupi agranulocytosis

Timakumana agranulocytosis kugwirizana ndi zotsatira pathological a chitetezo pa maselo ofiira. Ndi bwino zimayamba ndi onse limagwirira amkati ndi exogenous. Mbali yoyamba, matenda kumachitika chifukwa kuukira autoimmune. Chotero boma kumayambitsa matenda zokhudza zonse connective minofu. Chitetezo cha m'thupi maselo sidzasinthika mu zikuchokera, koma iwo ali monga ngati "reprogrammed." Chifukwa, iwo anayamba kutsutsa chamoyo a zimakhala mwini. Granulocytes msanga okhwima ndi kudzikonda anawonongedwa. zinthu Exogenous mu nkhani iyi ndi wosayenera. m'thupi agranulocytosis syndrome amapezeka pathologies zotere zokhudza zonse lupus erythematosus ndi nyamakazi. Pa yomweyo kuchepekedwa kwa neutrophils pamodzi ndi kusowa kwa maselo ena magazi.

Wina zosinthika cha matenda, lomwe limapezeka pa maziko a ndondomeko m'thupi, ndi hapten agranulocytosis. Mu mawonekedwe ndondomeko pathological kubala ndi oteteza ndi neutrophils. Kusiyana ndi zomwe zimapangidwa simuli nokha, ndipo pambuyo mukumwa mankhwala - hapten. Mobwerezabwereza kudya zinthu izi zimayambitsa ayankhe m'thupi, m'kukoma granulocytes chiwonongeko. The haptens kumachititsa ena mankhwala antiinflammatory ndi hypoglycemic wothandizira, barbiturates.

Kufotokozera myelotoxic agranulocytosis

Myelotoxic agranulocytosis akufotokozera chifukwa cha makhalidwe exogenous. Iye nthawizonse pamodzi mankhwalawa ndi thrombocytopenia. Nthawi zambiri, myelotoxic zosinthika cha matenda amagwirizana ndi kukhudzana ndi wothandizila chemotherapeutic ndi cheza ionizing. zinthu zimenezi zimachititsa kuti chopinga wa hematopoiesis madzi a m'munsi a chitukuko. Kwa mankhwala cytostatic amene amayambitsa zotani zofanana amatanthauza cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, mercaptopurine, etc. D. chopinga maselo hematopoietic kholo kumabweretsa kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha granulocytes mu m'mafupa. Ichi ndi chifukwa kusasitsa matenda a magazi m'manyi.

Komanso zinthu exogenous, kusowa kwa maselo hematopoietic akufotokozera mu Mitundu ina ya magazi m'thupi ndi khansa. Zifukwa zimenezi nthawi zambiri kumachitika agranulocytosis ana. Nthawi zambiri, kusintha hematologic ndi cholowa. Zitsanzo ankaona hemolytic ndi aplastic kuchepa magazi, matenda Fanconi a. Pachimake ndi aakulu myelogenous khansa akufotokozera ana ndi anthu akuluakulu.

Agranulocytosis: zizindikiro

granulocytes osakwanira limodzi ndi aakulu mawonetseredwe matenda. Iwo akhoza kukhala osiyana, malingana ndi matenda vutoli, zomwe zinachititsa kuti zosayembekezereka wa akusowa neutrophil. Kodi agranulocytosis? Zizindikiro za matenda:

1. Aakulu kufooka.
2. Mkulu malungo.
3. Lymphadenopathy.
4. Hepatosplenomegaly.
5. zotupa Necrotic wa nembanemba wa mucous.
6. Hemorrhagic syndrome.

Hapten agranulocytosis, mosiyana ndi zamoyo zina, amakhala ndi njira pachimake. Odwala kumva poipa msanga akatentha thupi, pali zilonda m'kamwa. Kuwononga m'kamwa, tonsils, uvula, zofewa m'kamwa m'kati, zikubweretsa minofu necrosis. Iwo limodzi ndi ululu, kulephera kumeza kwambiri salivation.

Pamene myelotoxic agranulocytosis zosinthika zambiri kukhala magazi. N'zokhudza osati ndi ulceration wa nembanemba wa mucous, komanso ndi akusowa kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi. Amowabu m'mphuno, gingival, uterine, m'mimba magazi. Pa khungu kuwoneka hematoma. Chifukwa njira chilonda-necrotic mu intestine anaona m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba. Chifukwa cha chiyembekezo cha magazi akufotokozera chibayo hemorrhagic.

Kusintha kafukufuku pa agranulocytosis ndi

Nthawi zambiri agranulocytosis chitukuko akupezeka odwala khansa, zokhudza zonse ndi matenda aakulu opatsirana. syndrome izi zikhoza amaganiziridwa makhalidwe monga malungo, kutopa ndi maonekedwe a zilonda pakamwa. N'zovuta kwambiri matenda kobadwa nako agranulocytosis. A magazi n'kofunika pofuna pallor choopsa cha khungu la mwanayo, hemorrhagic mawonetseredwe. Mu kufufuza pali kuchepa kwa leukocytes (zosakwana 1 × 10 ⁹ / l). izo amaganizira magazi m'thupi ndi thrombocytopenia.

Kuti tipeze yankho, chifukwa chirichonse, anakamba syndrome hematological, kuchita immunogram puncture ndi mafupa. Matenda mavuto chifukwa ndi akusowa wa granulocytes ikuchitika kufufuza malangizo. Pakati pawo - chifuwa X-ray, colonoscopy. Komanso amafuna katswiri malangizo - otolaryngologist, oncologist, mano, rheumatologist ndi gastroenterologist.

Njira kudwala mankhwala

Amafuna hospitalization mtima, akapezeka agranulocytosis. Chithandizo imakhala pochiza ulcerous ndi necrotic pamalo wothandizila antiseptic, kukonzekera mafuta. Kwa mtima si pansi matenda a sekondale, izo aikidwa mu chipinda cha isolator lapansi. Ngati kuonongeka matumbo mucosa ali zoyendetsedwa ndi njira parenteral.

Mankhwala zochizira agranulocytosis

Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matenda (chibayo, sepsis), Maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala antifungal. M'nsinga kutumikiridwa mankhwala magazi, makamaka leukocyte misa. Pamene agranulocytosis m'thupi wasonyeza mankhwala m'thupi. Zikuphatikizapo "Hydrocortisone" mankhwala "Prednisolone". Ngati matendawa amayamba ndi chopinga wa hematopoiesis, wothandizila stimulatory chikuyendetsedwera. Ena mwa iwo ndi njira "Granocyte", "leucogen", "Virudan". Chithandizo ikuchitika mu dipatimenti hematology.

Kupewa agranulocytosis ana ndi akulu

Kupewa agranulocytosis kobadwa nako zikuphatikizapo kuzindikira mwamsanga matenda. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, ana amagwira Ndondomekoyi pachaka. Ndi kuteteza miyeso monga kuwunika odwala kulandira mankhwala cytotoxic, odana ndi shuga mankhwala. Ngati wodwala ali kale kuona mmene hematological ndi utsogoleli wa mankhwala ena, mankhwala sangathe reappointed.

Mapa moyo agranulocytosis

Kuti madokotala ananena zawo zimadalira chifukwa cha matendawa. Mawonekedwe owopsa kwa agranulocytosis hapten, chifukwa mofulumira osauka minofu necrosis. Autoimmune ndi myelotoxic kuwonongeka n'ngochiritsika chifukwa cha M'MALO mankhwala. Osauka madokotala ananena zawo anamuona pa chitukuko cha mavuto wa kudwala chimapangitsa. Pakati pawo - magazi chachikulu, perforation wa matumbo khoma, hemorrhagic chibayo, sepsis.