Akavalo mtundu Bashkir: kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Mu masiku akale pa otsetsereka kum'mwera kwa Urals anabweretsa steppe ndi nkhalango boreal (tarpan) zimasokoneza kavalo, omwe anakhala awiri kholo kwa akavalo a mtundu Bashkir. Hardy kavalo anakhala kunyada kwa anthu wonse ndipo anachita ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa moyo wake.

m'mbiri

Bashkir zimasokoneza amene mbiri inayamba mu m'ma XVII, dzina lake m'dziko limene anatengedwa - Bashkortostan. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti iwo m'mphepete mwa maiko Ural, akavalo anayamba kufalitsa ndi ntchito mwakhama Siberia. Ntchito yaikulu ya Bashkir akavalo anali makalata yobereka, chifukwa ndi wosavuta kugonjetsa wautali kuyamika kupirira, khama ndi unpretentiousness.

Akavalo mtundu Bashkir msanga zinatchuka. Iwo anayamba kubzala mu Samara, Perm ndi chigawo Kazan, komwe atatuwa itagwiritsidwa kugonjetsa wautali. Ndipotu, nyama akhoza gallop mpaka 150 kupita mu maora asanu ndi atatu yosayima ndi chakudya.

Okhutira wa Bashkir akavalo sindikufuna vuto lirilonse. Iwo chaka lonse adafuthula ku msipu ndi kudyetsa okha, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira kwa iwo udzu ndipo anapereka prigonyat imene akavalo akanakhoza kutenga malo ogona kwa chisanu ndi mphepo yozizira.

umunthu

Norov akavalo a mtundu Bashkir unakhazikitsidwa mchikakamizo cha mmene chilengedwe. Komanso chikhalidwe cha bwanji steppe ndi nkhalango mizu. Choncho, Bashkirs umaimiridwa ndi nyama zakutchire kapena theka-zakutchire ndi timasiyanitsa umwini. Ng'ombe kaŵirikaŵiri m'magulu - masukulu, amene wapatsidwa mahatchiwo-kosyachniki, kuteteza ndi kuteteza sukulu yanu osati kuchokera encroachments cha mbavazo komanso ku nyama zolusa, nkhondo zimene akavalo nthawi zambiri anaphedwa.

Akavalo mtundu Bashkir, za zomwe ife azipereka, kuthamanga m'chigulu zambiri sizikugwiridwa. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mtima atsogoleri stallion udindo ntchito zawo. Iwo musataye akavalo kuswa ndipo salola kuti akunja. Izi akugwira ntchito osati nyama komanso anthu. Yonena kokha bwino Rangers.

N'zoona Bashkir mtundu wa chithunzi kavalo amene anapereka m'munsimu, Chili mbali khalidwe la steppe ndi nkhalango nyama. Masiku ano, ntchito yogwira ndi yofuna kukonza mtundu. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, kusankha mitundu ndi bwino cholinga zakudya Bashkirs ano amasiyana wosatopa, mphamvu ndi mphamvu, ngakhale msinkhu wake yochepa.

Kufotokozera maonekedwe

Mu Komanso, zimene aliyense akavalo osiyana a mtundu Bashkir? Features a iwo akadali chakuti ndi imodzi mwa nyama ochepa amene ubweya sayambitsa chifuwa anthu.

Bashkir kavalo ali kukula kwa thupi lalikulu pa msinkhu wotsika. Kutalika pa zinafota za mtundu si upambana 150 cm. Pa yaikulu khosi minofu ndi mokwanira lalikulu coarse mutu. Nyama amasiyana molunjika ndi zovuta kulumikiza mpando m'chiuno, zomwe umatha pang'ono adatchithisira croup. Bashkirs ndi eni amanyadira chifuwa chachikulu ndi mphamvu zolimba miyendo Taphunzira anayamba ziboda. The manyenje ndi mchira ndi wakuda ndi nthawi, nthawi zambiri zosiyana mu mtundu ndi nkhungu tsitsi thupi.

Mahatchiwo ndi atsala pang'ono amasiyana kukula:

• kutalika pa zinafota kuti: 144-147 masentimita 140-143 masentimita;
• oblique torso kutalika: 152-154 masentimita ndi 148-150 masentimita;
• girth m'chifuwa: 178-180 masentimita 175-177 masentimita;
• metacarpus: 19,5-20 masentimita 18,3-18,7 masentimita;
• thupi: 450-460 makilogalamu ndi makilogalamu 430-440.

Mtundu akavalo a mtundu Bashkir tinatengera kwa makolo awo a kumpoto nkhalango - tarpan - ndipo kungakhale myshastymi, roan (makamaka akuluakulu a steppe subtype), dun, wofiira, zofiirira, ndi imvi igrenevymi. Komanso pali zebroidnye suti ndi mikwingwirima bwino yochitidwa pa thupi.

mtundu subtypes

Kusiyanitsa subtypes ya phiri steppe mitundu, amene amasiyana pang'ono kukula (zing'onozing'ono phiri), mwa mawu a zokolola ndiponso maonekedwe. Pa ntchito zachuma pali magulu osiyanasiyana omwe anamangidwa pa mlingo wa zokolola mkaka, kusinthasintha kwa oyang'anira ndi chishalo. Anthu a steppe mtunda bwino wosakanikirana ndi atakwera mu mphamvu mbandakucha mutu, mapazi wamtali ndi wochepa thupi. iwonso zambiri agile ndi ankasewera m'mutu.

Palinso kulemba lipoti kapena chishalo-mangani subtypes Bashkirs. Ndi ofunika liwiro awo ndi see akuthamanga, ntchito zosavuta, ndi luso amayenda mtunda wautali popanda chakudya kapena kupuma. Mahatchi wabwino ndi kukhulupirira Mwaichi, kuwapanga anzake singasiyanitsidwe asilikali pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, ndipo lero iwo ntchito kuphunzira luso la kukwera.

ntchito

Akavalo mtundu Bashkir amene makhalidwe amati woyenerera ntchito ndi kupirira kavalo ulimi kukwera katundu ndi mangani mwachangu anasonyeza ndi kubala nyama ndi mkaka. Ndipo ngati nyama kavalo ndi mankhwala azitsamba ku Bashkortostan, amene ndi wokonzeka kazi (kavalo nyama soseji), nyama mbale zosiyanasiyana, komanso vyalyat ndi zouma, ndi kutsutsana pa nthawi yaitali anali kupanga mkaka. Ambiri ankakhulupirira kuti kupeza mkaka atsala pang'ono kuyambitsa alibe makhalidwe khalidwe la mtundu, chifukwa kukula matupi mwana simungapeze chofunika kuchuluka kwa zakudya.

Koma pambuyo dokotala Postnikov anatsimikizira katundu zothandiza mkaka Mayi wa nyama husbandry anali ikupita patsogolo. Mu Bashkiria anaonekera legkoupryazhnye ndi heavy-ntchito Mitundu amene anawoloka ndi akavalo m'deralo. Zotsatira zake zinali wosakanizidwa, amene anali akuluakulu ndi waphindu kuposa koyera Bashkir zimasokoneza.

Chiwerengero cha mahatchi unakula mofulumira, koma chifukwa mwakusakaniza wa zakhala zikuchepa anthu mahatchi Bashkir akavalo, ndi akhoza kuyamba kwa ikutha wathunthu wa mtundu wa. Monga momwe vuto iyi, izo akufuna kutsegula malo okwerera kuswana, ntchito ya zimene zathandiza kusunga makhalidwe apadera a akavalo mtundu Bashkir.

Okhutira wa Bashkir akavalo

Akavalo mtundu Bashkir ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri zotsatira tinatengera kwa makolo makhalidwe zakutchire. Iwo amatha asungidwe chaka chonse mu pamalo oonekera ndi paokha chakudya chawo. Ndi njira nyengo yozizira mahatchi limakula wakuda ndi tsitsi lalitali, amene sikutanthauza kuyeretsa zonse. Koma mu nyengo nkhanza ndi snowfalls katundu ayenera kupereka nyama ndi pogona ndi chakudya.

Kwa kavalo sikuti amadwala matenda, m'pofunika kuti aziona kukula ndi chitukuko, imene nyama ndi kusuntha kwambiri. Sizingatiletse malangizo akatswiri, ndipo pa mapeto a ntchito zofunika kuyeretsa mphuno ndi ziboda, chifukwa akhoza kusonkhanitsa chinyezi ndi thukuta, amene m'mavuto thanzi la ziweto ndipo angathe kukhala gwero la matenda.

Zimafunika kudya

Woyendayendawu moyo ndi ufulu wachibale bwanji kuphweka a mahatchi chakudya. Nthawi zambiri amatha paokha kupeza okwanira proforage, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira ng'ombe adya udzu kukolola, anaikira chakudya ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Ndi zakudya moyenera ndi okwanira, akavalo musati amafuna feteleza zina, ndipo iwo mwakhama adzachita ntchito zaulimi ndi kuwagonjetsa kutalika kwa mitunda mu oyang'anira munthu.

Kusankha Features kavalo

Sale mahatchi a mtundu Bashkir pa lathu kasitomala. Kuti ndi kusankha nyama zikhazikitsidwe zolinga za ntchito nyama.

1. Ngati nyama kuthi ntchito zaulimi ndi mayendedwe a chuma, ndi bwino kuti tiyandikire stallion. Iwo ali wamphamvu ndi wokhalitsa kuposa Mare, ndi wokhoza kuchita iliyonse ntchito.
2. Kupanga mkaka m'pofunika kuti atenge Mare, tikupeza pasadakhale zina zizindikiro. Ngati anagula bulu kapena filly wamng'ono, muyenera kumvetsa zimene zokolola zake. Sipangakhalenso anatsimikiza mawu a mkaka patukani mayi ake. kupanga mkaka ponseponse zimasiyanasiyana malita 1,5-2 zikwi pa chaka.
3. Pakuti atakwera kavalo ali mofanana wosakanikirana amuna ndi akazi. Bashkirs chibadidwe see, akuseŵera bwinobwino ndi liwiro kuthamanga ndi luso maulendo ataliatali. Ndipo chifukwa kusintha ngati akavalo wa Bashkir mtundu abwino kuphunzira kukwera kavalo ndi akulu, ndi ana.

M'pofunika kuganizira mfundo yakuti ntchito nyama ntchito yambiri ayenera kusamalira zina oyenera kudya wowonjezera ziweto mpumulo pazipita.

Kodi mwina kupweteka anthu a mtundu Bashkir

Nyama, monga anthu, ndi atengeke matenda. matenda onse kavalo zikhoza kugawidwa mu opatsirana ndi noninfectious. Zoyambazo monga matenda oyamba ndi matenda kuchokera ozama mu thupi la nyama tizilombo parasitic. Nyama kupatsira mnzake, mbalame, makoswe ndi tizilombo m'magazi woyamwa. matenda yodziwika ndi kuchuluka mofulumira ndi kuwononga kwambiri kuti ulimi.

Matenda si opatsirana zambiri zokhudza nyama anavulala. The kuvulala ambiri mapazi ndi ziboda.

Mahatchi wa Bashkir zimasokoneza - nyama lapadera, kaphatikizidwe khalidwe la makolo yakuthengo ya Mitundu zoweta ndi kumvera. Iwo amadziwika mpweya wambiri wa katundu mphamvu, kupirira ndi unpretentiousness. Lero ndi nyama wotchuka kwambiri kuphunzitsa luso kukwera, chifukwa nyama amasiyana khalidwe bata ndi moyenera.