Armenia - nanga? zinthu zofunika

Mu mbiri ya dziko lapansi, ankatsatana ndi chitukuko, iwo anawonekera mbisoweka popanda kufufuza ndi anthu lonse, zinenero. Ambiri maiko atsopano ndi mitundu wakhala anapanga kumapeto kwa woyamba Zakachikwi AD. Komabe, pamodzi ndi Aperisiya, Ayuda, Agiriki, pali adzadziwire wina wakale wa anthu, amene oimira anapeza pomanga mapiramidi Aigupto, kubadwa kwa Chikhristu ndi zina zambiri zochitika lodziwika bwino kwa masiku amakedzana. Armenia - nanga? Kodi kusiyana pakati pa iwo ndi oyandikana anthu Caucasus, nanga zopereka zawo kuti mbiri ya dziko lapansi ndi chikhalidwe?

Maonekedwe a Armenia

Mofanana ndi anthu ena onse, chiyambi cha zomwe wanyanya kumbuyo mu mbiri yakale zikamera a ku Armenia zapiringizana ndi nthano, ndipo nthawizina ndi nthano m'kamwa, opatsirana kwa zaka masauzande ambiri, kupereka mayankho ambiri bwino yeniyeni kuposa malingaliro sayansi.

Malinga ndi nthano otchuka, woyambitsa wa statehood Chiameniya ndi zoona mtundu wonse Chiameniya ndi mfumu wakale Ike. Back mu lachitatu Zakachikwi BC, iye ndi asilikali ake afika ku ntunda mwa nyanja Van. August 11, 2107 BC. e. nkhondo kunachitika pakati pa makolo a ku Armenia ano ndi mphamvu za Sumeri mfumu Utuhengala, amene anali kulamulidwa ndi Ike. Lero ankaona poyambira wa kalendala mtundu wa Buku ndi holide dziko. Dzina la mfumu ndi anapereka dzina la anthu (kudzikonda Armenia - mkulu).

Azambiriyakale amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kuzimiririka ndipo chachilengulengu kulingalira, zimene zatsalira njakata zambiri za chiyambi cha anthu monga Armenia. Amene mtundu iwo - komanso nkhani ya mtsutso ndi ofufuza zosiyanasiyana.

mfundo ndi yakuti mu gawo la Armenia Plateau choyamba Zakachikwi BC. e. panali boma ndi chitukuko - Urartu. Oimira anthu hurarty wosanganiza ndi anthu akuderalo, pang'onopang'ono anatenga chinenero anapanga mtundu monga Armenia. Kodi iwo ali nacho kwa zaka zikwi ziwiri, ndi chimene iwo anali kukumana - sewero lina.

Mbiri ya kulimbana adzadziwire

Fuko lirilonse loyang'anizana mu mbiri yake ndi kuwukira yachilendo kuyesa kusintha chimake cha mtundu. Mbiri lonse la Armenia - kulimbana ndi achilendo ambiri. Aperisiya, Agiriki, Aluya, Turkey - iwo onse adamsiya chizindikiro awo mu mbiriyakale ya ku Armenia. Komabe, anthu akale ndi chinenero chawo olembedwa, chinenero ndi ndinapirira kukhulupirika mafuko sizinali choncho n'zosavuta kuphunzira, kupasuka pakati pa osamuka chinenero china. Zonsezi adalimbana ndi Armenia. Chipembedzo ndi zimene ali nazo, zimene mtundu wa anansi - mavuto awa komanso kukhala phunziro kwa kukhululukirana.

Poyankha zimenezi mobwerezabwereza kwapangidwa ndi kuthamangitsidwa amakakamizidwa ya miyeso anthu ndi gawo la Iran, Turkey, anakonza kupululutsa. Zotsatira zake zinali misa kusamuka a ku Armenia padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa cha zomwe diasporas dziko lalikulu kwambiri ndipo ali pakati pa magulu ambiri cohesive kuyandikana padziko lonse.

M'zaka za m'ma XVIII Mwachitsanzo, izo wopereka resettlement wa Caucasians mu mtsinje wa Don, pamene anakhazikitsa mzinda wa Nakhichevan pa-Don. Choncho, ambiri a ku Armenia kum'mwera kwa Russia.

chipembedzo

Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, n'zotheka kudziwa ndendende zimene chaka Armenia linavomereza Chikhristu. Mpingo National ndi limodzi mwa mabuku akale padziko kwa nthawi yaitali ufulu wodzilamulira. Folk miyambo ndi bwino amapereka mayina a alaliki loyamba la achinyamata pa nthawi ya chikhulupiriro - Thaddeus ndi Bartolomeyo. Mu 301 King Trdat III tinaganiza kuti Chikhristu monga chipembedzo cha boma.

anthu ambiri nthawi zambiri kusochera mu yankho ku funso la chimene chikhulupiriro cha ku Armenia. Amene akukhamukira iwo amanena - Akatolika, Orthodox? Ndipotu, ngakhale pakati pa m'zaka za zana lachinayi AD, anaganiza osadalira pa atsogoleri ndi kusankha kwa anyani. Posachedwapa, Chiameniya Apostolic Church anasiya kutali Byzantine ndi mtima wonse yoyenda yokha. Chalcedon anafotokozera za ziphunzitso zoyambirira za tchalitchi ndi zaka 451, imene zinthu zina anali zimasiyana malamulo a oyandikana matchalitchi a Eastern Orthodox.

chilankhulo

Language Mzimuyo ndi zaka anthu, ndipo chimapangitsa kuti aime pakati pa mitundu ina. chilankhulo Chiameniya anayamba mapangidwe ake kumbuyo pakati pa 1st Zakachikwi BC. e. pa dera la Urartu. Mlendo ankhondowo hurarty anaphatikizana ndi anthu akuderalo natenga m'chinenero chake monga m'munsi a. Chiameniya monga mmodzi wa zinenero amakezana m'mayiko a ku Ulaya. Ilo liri mu banja m'mayiko a European m'zinenero zikuphatikizapo pafupifupi mitundu ya makono Europe, India, ndi Iran.

Akatswiri ena ngakhale atapereka kungoganizira molimba mtima kuti linali Chiameniya chilankhulo Choncho chinenero Proto-m'mayiko a ku Ulaya, kumene kenako anatuluka ndi English ano, French, Russian, Persian ndi zinenero zina ndi mbali yaikulu ya anthu masiku ano.

kulemba

N'zovuta kusunga chinenero chawo, chikhalidwe ndi abwino dziko, osati kusunga mfundo wawo. Omwe kulemba - yankho lina kwa funso la Armenia - chomwe iwo ali.

Zoyamba loyamba la zilembo zake anakaonekera nyengo ya chikhristu. Ansembe a mipingo Chiameniya amene anatulukira chinsinsi chawo code, limene anamanga mabuku awo opatulika. Komabe, pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity zipilala onse olembedwa a Armenia wakale anawonongedwa monga wakunja. Chikhristu komanso zatenganso mbali mu zikamera wa zilembo anthu.

Mutapeza palokha Chiameniya Apostolic Church anali ndi funso yomasulira Baibulo ndi mabuku ena woyera m'chinenero chawo. Anaganiza, ndi chilengedwe cha zipangizo zawo kujambula. Mu zaka 405-406 enlightener Mesrop Mashtots anayamba zilembo Chiameniya. Ndi makina osindikizira ndilo buku loyamba pa zilembo Chiameniya linasindikizidwa mu 1512 ku Venice.

chikhalidwe

Culture anthu onyada kupita mwakuya mu 1 Zakachikwi BC. e. Ngakhale pamene imfa ya ufulu wa Armenia anapitiriza m'maganizo ndi mkulu mlingo wa chitukuko cha luso ndi sayansi. Pambuyo kubwezeretsedwa kwa IX m'zaka za ufumu wodzilamulira Chiameniya anabwera ngati Kubadwa Kwatsopano chikhalidwe.

Kutulukira kulemba wawo wakhala kutsogolera wamphamvu zikamera ntchito zolembalemba. Mu VIII-X zaka anapanga otchuka epic "David Sasunsky" za nkhondo yolimbana ndi Aluya kuti anali Armenia. Chimene Adalenga zipilala zolembalemba - mutu wa osiyana kucheza kwambiri.

Music ya anthu Caucasus - mutu wolemera zokambirana. A mderalo ya wolemekezeka Chiameniya. Pa anthu pachiyambi - ndi zoimbira pachiyambi. Duduk nyimbo wakhala kutchulidwa ndi UNESCO monga mmodzi wa zinthu chosaoneka ndi maso chikhalidwe cholowa cha anthu.

Komabe, chifukwa cha zinthu miyambo ya chikhalidwe ndi bwino kwa anthu wamba bwino zakudya Chiameniya. Woonda chofufumitsa - kudya mkate, mkaka - matsun, Satana. No kudziletsa kulemekeza Chiameniya banja sadzakhala patebulo limene pali botolo la vinyo, nthawi zambiri amamwa.

masamba wakuda wa mbiri

amadziwikira aliyense mwa anthu, mwaukali kukana mayamwidwe ndi kuloŵerera umakhala wolimba chinthu chidani ndi Aisiraeli. Western ndi kum'mawa Chiameniya, anagawa pakati Aperisiya ndi Turkey, izo mobwerezabwereza zagonjetsedwa kwa zapachiweniweni. Yotchuka kwambiri ndi Chiameniya fuko, panali konse aliyense m'mbiri.

Pa First World nkhondo, Turkey gulu awonongedwe zenizeni za Armenia tikukhala mu gawo la Western Armenia, membala wa ndiye Turkey. Otsala atapha anthu, anali pansi kuthamangitsidwa amakakamizidwa mu chipululu chamchenga chouma ndipo chidzalephereka.

Chifukwa cha ichi woipitsitsawu kuchita kochuruka kwa kupha anthu 1.5 miliyoni 2. Tsoka ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zambiri zimalunzanitsa pamodzi Armenia padziko lonse tanthauzo la okhudzidwa mu zochitika za zaka.

Chinyengo a boma la Turkey ndi kuti iwo akadali akana kuvomereza mfundo zoonekeratu awonongedwe dala anthu potengera mtundu, kunena imfa mosalephera a nkhondo. Mantha wawachotsera chikuonetseratu mlandu ndipo tsopano ukulamulira mphamvu ya chikumbumtima ndi manyazi andale Turkey.

Armenia. Iwo ali lero

kangati nthabwala tsopano, Armenia - si dziko, ndi ofesi, monga Ayuda ambiri okhala kunja phiri Republic. Anthu ambiri zabalalika padziko lonse chifukwa cha nkhondo kuwagonjetsa ndi nkhondo ya dziko. Chiameniya Kunja kwa Palestina, pamodzi ndi Ayuda lero kwambiri logwirizana ndi cholinga m'mayiko ambiri - US, France, Germany, Russia, Lebanon.

Armenia yokha anapezanso ufulu wodzilamulira osati kale pamodzi ndi kugwa kwa USSR. Izi limodzi ndi nkhondo yoopsayo ku Nagorno-Karabakh, wotchedwa Artsakh Armenia. Mwa chifuniro cha andale, kudula malire a mayiko Transcaucasian, malo ndi anthu ambiri Chiameniya linali gawo la Azerbaijan.

Pa kugwa kwa ufumu Union, ku Armenia a Karabakh inalamula bwino chomveka kukhalanso cha tsogolo lawo. Zimenezi zinachititsa nkhondo ndi nkhondo wotsatira pa Armenia ndi Azerbaijan. Ngakhale thandizo la Turkey ndi ena limati zina, mwayi zedi, manambala, asilikali Chiazebajani zowawa linagonja ndipo anasiya gawo kutsutsana.

Armenia zaka zambiri tikukhala mu Russia, makamaka kwambiri a iwo kum'mwera. Panthawi imeneyi iwo anasiya kukhala alendo pamaso pa anthu wamba ndi kukhala gawo la dera chikhalidwe.