Asayansi aphunzira mmene amapezera Rubik a kyubu mu chimachititsanso 20

Ndithudi onse kuyambira ubwana kum'tanthauzira masewera otchuka dzina la Mlengi wake - Erno Rubik. Ndithu mwamsanga inasanduka otchuka n'kukafika ngodya akutali kwambiri a dziko.

Popanda dexterity yoyenera pindani ndi chithunzi sizigwira ntchito, ngakhale kuchita mazana mpheto, koma posachedwapa akatswiri ochokera kampani ya Google Inc. Tinaphunzira kusonkhanitsa Rubik a kyubu mu chimachititsanso 20. Izi zotsatira phenomenal akwaniritsa mothandizidwa ndi kompyuta, anapatsidwanso ntchito - yosanthula osakaniza zonse zitheka.

Kodi Rubik a kyubu

Back mu chaka cha 1974, katswiri wa zomangamanga Chihangare ndi lecturer pa Academy of Akutsatira Tirhana Erno Rubik kuganizira za njira mulingo woyenera kwambiri podziwa danga atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena.

Iye ankafuna kuti apange njira yatsopano anathandiza ophunzira kuphunzira dziko, ndipo tsiku lina iye anabwera ndi lingaliro zokopa - kulenga chithunzi. vuto zikuoneka kuti pulayimale - atembenuza ndi kyubu zino, mpaka aliyense wa zipani adzakhala monochrome. Koma kyubu-kyubu msonkhano chiwembu si mophweka ndi ungasunge ngakhale maola ochepa nthawi, ndipo popanda zotsatira. Ophunzirawo anayamikira Kutulukira chidwi , natengako chidole chake chatsopano. Pa nthawi imeneyi, mlengi sanadziwe kuti patapita zaka zambiri, asayansi adzakhala amazunguza, Kuthetsa chithunzi mpaka inu mumvetsa mmene amapezera Rubik a kyubu mu chimachititsanso 20.

Kodi kutchuka lonse

Poyamba, chidole choyambirira sanali otchuka pakati ndalama. Iye akhapidziwa kuti izo sizikanakhala yosafuna kupanga kuyambira khamu Rubik a kyubu zingakhale zosangalatsa okha ophunzira. Komabe, mbewu ina yaing'ono anaganiza pambuyo onse kuti aganyali ntchito imeneyi, ndi chithunzi chakhala chikutenga ku Budapest.

Patapita zaka zingapo Tibor Lakzi, nkhoswe ya m'modzi wa Makampani German, anafika ku mzindawo, chidwi ndi chithunzi pachiyambi, pamene zakale chotchuka kwambiri mwa nzika. Pozindikira kuti kufala kwa kufufuza mwaukatswiri chodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lonse zingathe kubweretsa phindu lalikulu, anaganiza kulimbikitsa kyubu-Rubik. Pakuti oyamba, malonda ndi Lakzi Rubik ndi vuto chachikulu chinali kupeza ndalama. Koma chifukwa mapangidwe chuma Tibor ndi mtsempha wake malonda polojekiti posakhalitsa chidwi ndi mwini wa olimba Zisanu M'matawuni Ltd Tom Kremer. Iye anaphunzira kupanga zikuluzikulu ndi kugawa kuposa kuthandiza kyubu kuti zatchuka padziko lonse.

"Aligorivimu Mulungu"

Popeza 1982, mayiko ambiri zonse makamu Mpikisano imene ntchito yaikulu ya gulu ndi mkulu-liwiro khamu la Rubik a kyubu. Pofuna kuthetsa chithunzi mwamsanga si kokwanira kuti dexterity wabwino ndi luso. munthu ayenera kudziwika Rubik kyubu msonkhano mulingo woyenera chiwembu kulola ntchito momwe pang'ono monga khama zotheka. The mlingo wa masitepe anafunika kuthetsa vutolo, ndipo pali "aligorivimu Mulungu."

anthu ambiri sayansi ndi mafani anayesa kupeza njira yothetsera. Pa nthawi ina ankaganiza kuti mlingo wa masitepe ku malo aliwonse - 18, koma kenaka, chiphunzitso ichi chakhala akutsutsa. Ndi kufunafuna akuyambira mulingo woyenera wakhala anakhala kwambiri zaka, ndi kokha mu 2010, asayansi adakhoza kuphunzira mmene kusonkhanitsa Rubik a kyubu mu chimachititsanso 20, mosasamala kanthu za udindo chimene chinali chithunzi pamaso pa oweruza. Panopa, ndi mbiri mtheradi.

Amene ali msanga - makina kapena munthu?

Pa mphindi, ndi yachangu ya anthu ndi wophunzira American Colin Burns - anatha kukonza chithunzi masekondi zosakwana 5.5. A injiniya loboti British anasonkhana ku mbali mlengi LEGO Mindstorm EV3, athane ndi vutoli masekondi 3.253. limagwirira ali ndi mwayi osati kuti ntchito ya ziwalo zanga zonse yolongosoka kuposa zochita anthu. Asayansi anapeleka monga mmene 4 manja amakulolani kuchita ntchito zonse mu nthawi 2 mofulumira.

Kodi kuphunzira chisiyeni

Palibe wina muyezo chiwembu cha kyubu ndi Rubik, amene amalola msanga kudziwa mmene angathetsere chithunzi ichi pachiyambi. njira zosiyanasiyana msonkhano mpata njira zosiyanasiyana zolankhulirana nkhani. Tichisankhe, izo ziri kwa inu. Kumene, ndi chodziwikiratu popanda kompyuta mphamvu Google, muphunzira mmene kusonkhanitsa Rubik a kyubu mu chimachititsanso 20, koma kupeza njira yosavuta mu nthawi yochepa kuphunzira. Chinthu chachikulu kuti muli ndi khama zokwanira. Palibe njira sikungakuthandizeni kuthetsa chithunzi popanda mavuto, ngati simuli okonzeka nthawi yocheza chako kuphunzira.

Koma nthawi zonse kupereka chidole ichi sikuthandiza. Madokotala taonera kuwonjezeka chiwerengero cha odwala m'zipatala Psychiatric pambuyo pakutchulidwa wa Rubik a kyubu. mwakayakaya A anakhala nkhope zonse ndi zizindikiro, anadzatchedwa "syndrome Rubik Mulungu." Iwo anawonetseredwa mu mawonekedwe a lakuthwa ululu woimbayo lapansi.

wadera

Pali masikimu angapo amene amalola oyamba kuphunzira msanga zokwanira kuika Rubik a kyubu. Nkhani zimenezi zimaphatikizapo mmodzi wa iwo:

1. Choyamba muyenera kusonkhanitsa mtanda, malekezero a amene anapitiriza nkhope pafupi. No chilengedwe njira - zonse akubwera ndi mchitidwe.
2. Kenako, muyenera malizitsani mbali zonse pa zimene Pamtanda anasonkhana ndi kusonkhana mbali ya lamba pa iye. Nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti aliyense lamba anali monochrome.
3. Tsopano muyenera kusonkhanitsa lamba chachiwiri n'kupita mbali ina ya kyubu lapansi.
4. Kuika mathero mbali komanso pachiyambi.
5. Kumaliza mbali lonse.
6. Tsopano ife mwa dongosolo m'mphambano za kyubu ndi - kutero kuti mitundu zikugwirizana mitundu mbali, kumene iwo ali zimayenda.
7. Imangokhala yokha bwino kutembenukira mbali ndi mbali 2 okha. Kyubu anasonkhana.

Tsopano inu mukhoza kudziwa mmene angathetsere mmodzi wa masewera otchuka chithunzi mu dziko. Zimenezi zingakuthandizeni chiwembu chilengedwe cha Rubik a kyubu.