Woyamba yosungirako zambiri chida. yosungirako History deta

Information alibe chiyambi, ndipo ife tikudziwa zambiri za zaka zapitazo Chifukwa chakuti anthu aphunzira sitolo ake ndi kachilombo.

Poyamba, anthu amadutsa pa mfundo ndi mawu a pakamwa, zonse bongo wake involuntarily. Koma pambuyo pa kutaya anthu pali zinthu monga kujambula ndi kulemba. Kodi kulankhula za luso lero mkulu angathe kasungidwe terabytes zambiri.

Koma choyamba kwambiri yosungirako mudziwe chida - ndi manja a munthu m'lingaliro lenileni la mawu. Zonse zinayamba ndi zojambula phanga.

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Kuyambira nthawi ya mbiri isanayambe, anthu anayamba kulemba zochitika pa. Iwo angatchedwe chiyambi cha nyengo ya nthawi zaka 40 mpaka 10 zikwi BC. Pa makoma m'mapanga ndi anthu thanthwe ankafotokozedwa nyama, zithunzi zosiyanasiyana zoweta, zipangizo zimene iwo anakhala ndi ankasakidwa.

Kodi anthu masiku ano ali ndi kovuta kunena, chikumbumtima analemba kale mbiri, kapena azikongoletsa makoma a nyumba zawo ndi zojambula. Komabe, chifukwa ichi, asayansi aphunzira zambiri zokhudza moyo zaka zambirimbiri, ndi moyenera, taphunzira ndi.

zakale

Patapita kanthawi, m'zaka za m'ma 7 BC, njira yatsopano ya kungosunga zomwe tamva - zakale. Yopangidwa miyala wapadera dothi, ndipo pamene iwo anali akadali lonyowa ananyamula zolemba ndi zojambula. Kenako immortalize iwo, mipukutuyi calcined mu ng'anjo.

Njirazi anayamba kutuluka, chifukwa kukumbukira anthu ali osadalirika. Kusunga mfundo loyambirira, undistorted kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi, ndi kukhazikitsa chipinda wapadera kwa miyala iyi. Laibulale yoyamba anali atangodzaza ndi mapale otere dongo. Mwachitsanzo, mu laibulale Ashabanipalu (Ninevia) zili pafupi 30 000 zolemba zosiyanasiyana.

Mu Roma, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zofanana - mbale matabwa TACHIMATA ndi sera akuda ndi zina zisonga chinthu (cholembera) ntchito alembi zambiri.

akalambula pepala

Mu Egypt, za m'ma 3 BC, tinaphunzira kuti amtunduwu. Kenako njira imeneyi wakafika Mediterranean lonse.

Kupanga amtunduwu ntchito zomera za Sedge banja. Zaikidwa ndi cholembera wapadera. Icho chinali choyamba yosungirako mudziwe chida kapena m'malo tanthauzo lake kuti nthandala, amene ntchito lero.

Mu 2 m'ma BC padali pepala analogue - zikopa. Pang'onopang'ono, anamuzindikira monga wodalirika komanso m'malo amtunduwu ku ntchito. Kwa nthawi yoyamba iye anayamba mu mzinda wa Pergamo, pamene kanthu ndi mutu anatulukira lapansi. Zikopa - atavala zikopa ndi nyama nedublonaya (nkhosa, ng'ombe kapena mbuzi).

Ndi nthawi kuti anausankha madzi ndimakina inki, ndipo ngati kuvala zikopa, iwo akhoza kuchotsedwa ndi kuika zolemba zatsopano. Ubwino wina wa zikopa ndi mwayi kulemba mbali zonse.

Pepala loyamba

Malinga ndi mfundo zimene zinachitika, pepala choyamba anaonekera China pa BC 2-1 atumwi. Kugawira luso wakhala chifukwa cha Aluya, ndi kokha 8-9 TH m'ma AD, musanagulitse unachitikira chidaliro lotsatira.

Pali njira inanso chidwi kasungidwe deta ndi Elm (ichi topsheet birch khungwa). Ambiri ntchito mapepala mu Russia anaonekera ndi m'zaka za m'ma 16.

Kagwiridwe woyamba mafakitale

Woyamba chida yosungirako m'nyengo ya chitukuko mafakitale zachuma dziko - khadi iyi.

Mu 1804, Zhozef Mari Jacquard anatulukira nkhonya khadi, imene anagwiritsa ntchito yake nsalu kuti mwachindunji dongosolo zovuta nsalu. Koma ngati chipangizo yosungiramo iwo ntchito anatulukira Herman Hollerith, amene poyamba ankafuna kuti alembe deta pa iwo ndi kalembera US mu 1890.

Kenako njira imeneyi anali kusinthidwa mu tepi anakhomerera imene ankagwiritsa ntchito kutumiza matelegalamu.

Chikhalidwe maginito ya onyamula

Mu 50s kwa zaka za m'ma 20, pali tepi ya maginito kwa makompyuta oyambirira. Ndiye anadza makaseti amene analemba nyimbo. Njira imeneyi kufalitsa mwamsanga padziko lonse lapansi.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, chimbale maginito anali kale anatulukira. Development ndi wokwatibwa ndi IBM.

Mu 1969, pali chimbale floppy (floppy litayamba).

Technology ntchito lero

kompyuta molimba pagalimoto anayamba kupanga mu 1956. Ndipo uyu ndiye woyamba kwambiri yosungirako mudziwe chida ntchito mpaka lero. Kumene, maonekedwe ake anali osiyana kwambiri ndi kudziwika kwa ife lero. Komabe, luso akadali ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ndipo akupitiriza kukhala kwa nthawi yaitali yafalikira padziko lonse.

Palinso m'manja ndipo zochotseka media, monga CD- ndi DVD-abulusa, USB-kung'anima-amayendetsa.

umisiri ngakhale atsopano - yosungirako mtambo, amene analengedwa Intaneti. Tsopano aliyense mungodziwa lidzakhala lilipo kwa inu mfundo iliyonse, palibe kunyamula china kuposa PC kapena foni.

yosungirako History deta zikuphatikizapo komanso kwambiri njira zosiyanasiyana zimene zapezeka kukhala operewera ndi kuiwalika.

Mfundo aliyense wa ife

Thupi lathu komanso zimasunga zambiri. Amenewa amatchedwa DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Kuti DNA ndi udindo kusunga maselo a matupi athu, ndi kulanda ndi kukhazikitsa dongosolo la chitukuko maselo amoyo. Komanso, DNA si mwa anthu okha komanso zomera, nyama ndi zamoyo zonse.