Chess player Gata Kamsky: yonena, ntchito

Gata Kamsky - ndi nthano moyo wa dziko Chess osankhika. Ngakhale kuti sakanatha kutenga ankasirira korona weniweni, pa njira pamwamba pa ntchito Kamsky udachita angapo chimalemekeza ndi zikayenda bwino, ndiponso ambiri a iwo anali achinyamata. Elo mlingo komanso sapereka kuthekera kusewera pansi zimene anachita. Kama talente anamuzindikira ku mayiko onse a USSR, ndipo patapita kanthawi, mu United States.

Gata Kamsky: yonena

June 2, 1974 mu banja Chitata anabadwa mmodzi wa osewera wanzeru kwambiri lero. Tsopano amadziwika onse pansi pa dzina la Kama, ndi kumene anabadwira - mzinda wa Novokuznetsk. Palibe amene anadziwa kuti mwanayo anali kulemekeza mtundu wake. Pobadwa, mwana anapatsidwa dzina Gataulla Rustemovich Sabirov. Dziwani kuti luso lake mkulu maganizo akuwonetseredwa ali aang'ono - mwamsanga zaka ziwiri mnyamata kuwerenga momasuka ndi anayi katswiri limba. Koma inde a moona akuwonetseredwa mu nthawi pamene iye titayensa kusewera Chess.

Atachoka mumzinda wa Novokuznetsk, banja lake mwachidule anakakhala Kazan, komwe anayamba kumvetsa wamng'ono namatetule wa Chess luso. Patapita nthawi, anasamukira ku Leningrad. Phunziro pa sukulu ina anapatsidwa Gat n'kovuta, chifukwa anaphunzitsidwa ndi anyamata zaka awiri aja. Izi sizinamulepheretse kupambana ulemu ndi kukhulupirira ubwenzi m'kalasi, chifukwa mnyamatayo anali munthu wabwino chikhalidwe m'mutu ndipo anali zosavuta kulankhula ndi anzawo, ngakhale kuti anali kale pa nthawi imene anali ndi udindo olimba kwambiri kwa m'badwo wake. Kamskiy Gata alias Rustemovich Sabirov analanda agogo ake, amene adayima pa chiyambi cha seweroli Theatre la Tatarstan. Atangokhala wotchuka dzina ameneyo mu mzindawu pa Neva.

Pamene ine ndinayamba "ang'ono grandmaster" Vladimir Zak?

Chiyambi cha katswiri Gata Kamsky anaphunzitsidwa mu Palace la apainiya wa mphunzitsi lodziwika bwino Vladimir Zak. Maphunziro zonse anakhala mazana a masewera ndi mmodzi mwa osewera wamphamvu - Vladimir Shishkin. Talente wa achinyamata Chess player anali motero kuti Vladimir Zak ku gulu loyamba wotchedwa Gato "wanga wamng'ono mbuye." Mwamwayi kenako, iye anali mwamtheradi zolondola. Gata Kamsky - junior Chess player pang'onopang'ono ndithu kugonjetsa misanje onse atsopano. Choyamba ankamukonda mnyamata wa "Spartacus" Championship, ndiye anapambana chigonjetso loti pa Markom Taymanovym kuti anamupatsa dzina la ngwazi za USSR anyamata kale zaka 12 zakubadwa. Komanso mfundo imeneyi kwambiri anakhudzidwa m'tsogolo pa mlingo Elo.

chitukuko ntchito

Kuyambira pamenepo, dzina anali Kama mu madera osiyana a dziko lalikulu. Manyuzipepala zambiri poyerekeza iye ndi Kasparov, cholimba kuganiza anapanga pa kugulu. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti kufunafuna yaitali. Patapita nthawi, pansi pa mothandizidwa ndi Soviet Chess Federation ndinkakhala nalo wotchuka machesi Kamsky ndi Alekseya Shirova.

machesi amoto kwambiri ndipo nthawi yaitali, chifukwa prodigy mdani zinali zambiri akukumana Gata Kamsky anapambana chidaliro mu chitsutso motsogozedwa Gennady Nesis. Kupambana kumeneku anatsegula njira ndi Chess player mu Junior Championship World, zimene iye anaimira USSR.

Kusamukira ku United States of America

Atapambana loti pa dziko lonse Kamsky ndi banja lake analandira ndi makampani ku miliyoneya James Kane, omwe sakanakhoza kukana. Mu 1989, mwadzidzidzi Soviet ntchito za, asamukire ku moyo mu United States. Komabe, uyu anali ndekuti inde wa wamkulu player Chess, m'malo mwake, kamodzinso Gata Kamsky anali kukwaniritsa misanje ya Luso, athana US Open. Ndi dzina latsopano la mbuye, iye akukhala zabwino kwambiri ndi chiphaso kusankha mu ndime interzonal. Kodi motere palibe kupambana zochepa Akuti: mu 1990, Gata Kamsky anapambana mpikisano wapamwamba ku Tilburg, mumapezera iye malo a ulemu pakati pa dziko Chess osankhika.

Zitachitika zinthu zimenezi Ghats ntchito inatenga palibe zazing'ono. Akatswiri ambiri pamaso ndime yotsatira mosakayikira anadalira pa Kama. Pa nthawi ya kugawanika kwa dziko Chess mu 1993, kachiwiri apambana mwa akusewera gawo la United States timu ya dziko. Ndiye Team World Championship unali msonkhano wa nthano - Kamsky ndi wamphamvu Russian Chess player Vladimir Kramnik. Kenako chigonjetso Executive Najdorf Chikumbutso kunapangitsa Kama yolunjika ku ofuna Matches chifukwa weniweni ndi PCA.

ntchito nsonga: Kamsky anagonjetsa opita Matches

Ayenerere siteji PCA inatha kugonjetsedwa Vladimir Kramnik 4.5: 1.5 ndi Nigel Short 5.5: 1.5, umene panthawi imeneyo unali ndi Woyesana posachedwapa kwa mphoto. M'pake kuti pambuyo pa mndandanda wa kupambana mu wozungulira ayenerere anaganiza kuti ndisiye machesi ndi Kasparov Chess player Viswanathan Anand.

Kutenga anali owala kwambiri pa mpikisano weniweni. Kama anakhalabe nkhondo unbeaten ndi Van der Sterrenom (4.5: 2.5) ndi Valeriey Salovoy (4.5: 1.5). Zotsatira zake chomwecho anayembekezera ndiponso Anand, amene anamenyana ndi lodziwika bwino Chess tiebreaker.

Yachokera pa zotsatira Ghats pa Championships World, makamaka chigonjetso mu Linares (1994), zonse mwakamodzi tinaona kuti GM chaperekedwa kwa mutu Championship umene panthawi a Anatoly Karpov.

Kugonjetsedwa mu nkhondo mutu wa lodziwika bwino Chess mfumu

Patapita zaka zingapo, mu 1996, izo ndinkakhala nalo ndime korona weniweni. Kudzachita nkhondo unali mzinda waukulu wa Kalmykia - Elista. Machesi korona ndi mndandanda wa zochitika zinachitika. Popeza mofulumira ikusintha nthawi computerization, Karpov, wokalamba, lakwaniritsa masewera ndi shelving. Kama pakati pa bambo ndi kulinganiza anathyola koopsa zomwe zinachititsa kuti nkhondo masekondi anatsatira knockout Gata. Chifukwa khalidwe Ghats bambo sanatsatire kukayikirana m'misasa mpumulo Karpov posamutsa mfundo zothandiza. machesi inathera ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa Kama ndi kwanthawi mfundo 3 chabe. Kukhumudwa bambo anasonyeza sakhulupirira refereeing ndipo ananena kuti ofuna kugula wamng'ono anali opanda korona chilungamo kwathunthu. Tsopano, malinga ndi malangizo a bambo ake, Gata Kamsky kusiya Chess ndi kuyamba maphunziro awo ku yunivesite.

Seclusion ndi tsoka

Kwa zaka zambiri, sikumawonekera uthenga zokhudza dzina la Kama. Pafupifupi zaka 10 Chess player silinafike pagulu. Nthawi imeneyi, anatha maphunziro a ukachenjede ndi digiri ku Chemical ndi usilikali Medical Academy, mumapezera digiri malamulo. Pambuyo Kamsky watsegula kampani yake, akufuna kukhala wazamalamulo. Mu zaka khumi, adamkwatira ndi kukhala ndi moyo wosangalala m'banja.

Kama mthunzi ankafunika kwa nthawi yochepa: nthawi imodzi yokha iye anayesera kuti atenge mphoto pa chiyambi cha Championship dziko knockout weniweni mu 1999, komwe kale mu magawo oyambirira a mpikisano zotayika kwa wopambana Aleksandru Halifmanu. Ngakhale izi, chilakolako Ghats bwinobwino chimatha ndi resurfaced mu 2004, pamene wake wobwerera zazikulu. Atalandira lamulo digiri ku University of Arizona, Kamsky anakhoza bwino pokonzekera anagonjetsa World Cup ku Khanty-Mansiysk (2005), amene ankakhulupirira anatsegula njira yake kuti ntchito ya. Kubwerera ndi alikukonzeka watsopano mphamvu mu Elista, iye Umapeza Etena Bakro ndi mphambu kotheratu kwa 3.5: 0,5. Koma chopinga chachikulu kwa mutu dziko nkhondo ndi Boris amakhala Galfandom, amene adakali anakwanitsa asiye luso Chess player.

Kubweranso kwa Nthano ya Chess

Nzeru kwambiri, Kamsky anafika ntchito yake pachimake pa lotsatira World Cup. American chachikulu kubwerera idatha akugonjetsa Adly, Avrukh, Georkieva, Svidler, Ponomariov, Shirov ndi Carles. Nkhani ya kupambana kumubweretsa chikho. Komanso, iye anakumana ndi wamphamvu osewera Chess mu dziko - Veselin Topalov, zimene zinachititsa kuti kugonjetsedwa wina ndi monga Motero, ndikosatheka machesi anakhumba ndi Anand.

Grandmasters Chess lero

Mu 2011 iye adenda nawo mpikisano opita, kubwezera kwa Topalov, koma izi machesi kotsutsana Gelfand kamodzinso inatha pogonjetsedwa. Panthawi iye ndiye mwini wake wa angapo US Champion mutu, wopambana angapo otsegula thupi la ukulu woyamba ndi anabwereza medalist zamkuwa. Kumbuyo kwake, katatu malo a mpikisano European kukhala mbali ya "Linex-Magic", "Ural" ndi "SOCAR".

Kama posachedwapa anasamukira ku Russia. Tsopano iye akuuza Kazan Chess sukulu kuti iye anayambitsa. Pamene zinthu anasankha nawo kalabu kupeza katswiri wa Kazan "Rook".