Ballet "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja". kuvina Tchaikovsky a "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja"

kuvina Tchaikovsky a "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja" - chimodzi mwa zizindikiro lalikulu Russian luso, mwaluso, omwe anakhala ngale ya chuma cha nyimbo dziko ndi "amadziwika" wa Bolshoi Theatre. Aliyense cholemba kuvutika impregnated mankhwala. Mphamvu ya tsoka ndi nyimbo wokongola, khalidwe la ntchito Petra Ilicha, linakhala cholowa kwa onse okonda nyimbo ndi mafani wa dziko la choreography. Moyo wa chilengedwe cha kuvina izi zazikulu chimodzimodzi zochititsa chidwi kuposa makodi a "Opezeka pa nyanja."

The kuti kuvina

Kotala lotsiriza la zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi inali nthawi zachilendo kuvina lapansi. Lero, pamene anakhala mbali ya upamwamba, ndi n'zokayikitsa kuti zaka zingapo zapitazo, mtundu uwu wa luso ankapatsidwa ngati chinachake sekondale, osayenera chidwi oimba kwambiri. P. I. Chaykovsky, pokhala si Wolemba wotchuka komanso connoisseur nyimbo, koma anakonda kuvina ndi zisudzo kawirikawiri, ngakhale kulemba mu mtundu wanyimbo imeneyi, chilakolako ndi sadamve. Koma chinthu china chosayembekezeka pa maziko a mavuto ena zinthu anabwera dongosolo ku Directorate zimene analonjeza ndalama ndithu. amalipiritsa The zinalonjezedwa wopatsa rubles mazana asanu ndi atatu. Pyotr Ilyich anatumikira mu inali, ndipo m'masiku amenewo, aphunzitsi kwambiri, sichoncho amakhala mu ulemerero, ngakhale, ndithudi, lingaliro la kuchuluka anali osiyana. Achikhalire Wolemba ntchito. Ballet "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja" (woyamba pakati dzina "Island wa Swans") inamangidwa pa dongosolo pamaziko a nthano German.

Wagner ndi Tchaikovsky

Popeza kanthu zinkachitika mu Germany, a P. I. Chaykovsky, kumva m'mlengalenga zachinsinsi za sagas Teutonic ndi nyumba imene Ankhondo ndi madona wokongola anali otchulidwa ochiritsira ndithu, upite kudziko lino (izi, ndi njira, za umphawi amanena za ndiye aphunzitsi) . Mu mzinda wa Bayreuth pa nkhani (kupereka "mphete ya Nibelungen") anakonza womdziwa zabwino geniuses awiri - Petra Ilicha ndi Richard Wagner. Tchaikovsky anasangalala ndi "Lohengrin" komanso masewero ena mwa anzake otchuka zimene sanalephere kudziŵitsa m'bale German mu silinasinthidwe dongosolo zigoli. Russian namatetule wake protagonist anaganiza kuti aitane Siegfried, imene German chachikulu kodi simusamala.

China chachinsinsi German Ludwig II

Panali khalidwe lina zachinsinsi, mozama bwanji tsogolo la kuvina "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja". Wagner ankalimbikitsa mfumu Bavarian, Ludwig II, amene munthu zachilendo, koma munthu wodziwa kwambiri za mtundu wake. Kumanga chachinsinsi, wosangalatsa ndi zachilendo maloko, analenga zinkakhalira Zapakati, ndithu consonant ndi moyo wa chachikulu Russian wopeka nyimbo. Ngakhale imfa ya mfumu, zomwe zinachitika pa zinthu zachinsinsi kwambiri, ndi bwino mkati ndondomeko ya mbiri ya umunthu amenewa ndi wokongola. Imfa ya mfumu lapadera pa maganizo a PI Tchaikovsky ogwetsa mmene imathetsa kufunsa ngati iye adawatenga, ngakhale mwangozi, vuto pa mutu wake ndi nkhani zakuda, iye ankafuna kuuza anthu.

ndondomeko kulenga

Mu kuvina, monga kanthu wakhala ankaona chipani chachikulu choreography. Malinga ndi Maulendo a m'nthawi, mwambo umenewu waphwanya ndi kuvina "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja". Timasangalala Komabe, analinso chapadera kwambiri, zonse tiwerenga tanthauzo la nyimbo zokoma. Zimamvetsa chisoni ndi kupsa mu tanthauzo la wosasangalala mwacikondi. Popeza kasamalidwe zisudzo wachita mu "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja" kuvina udindo wa makasitomala, ndi libretto anapatsidwa Vladimir Begichev, mkulu wa Bolshoi. Iye anathandiza ndi V. Geltser, wovina, ndipo kenako wolemba yekha olumikizidwa kwa ndondomeko kulenga. Zigoli linakonzedwa 1876 ndipo amasamalidwa zonse asonyeza polenga kuvina ndi, P. I. Chaykovsky, osalephera, sanayembekezere kuti ntchito imeneyi kupita pansi pa nkhani katswiri kuti moyo imeneyi dzina lake.

Zisudzo, nthawi ndi malo

Place ndi nthawi ya kanthu akudziwikanso monga lowoneka. Atchulidwa pang'ono, khumi ndi zitatu zokha. Pakati pawo imperious kalonga ndi mwana wake Siegfried, mmodzi wa otsiriza, maziko Zommershtern, wakeyo Wolfgang von Stein ndi mkazi wake, banja Shvartsfels, nayenso, ndi mkazi wake, wothamanga, mthenga wa miyambo, tsekwe mfumukazi, iye alodzedwa wokongola Odette, ngati dontho la madzi ngati iye Odile ndi bambo ake Rothbart, ndi wamatsenga zoipa. Ndipo, ndithudi, anthu aang'ono, kuphatikizapo Little Swans. Ambiri, pa siteji pa zinthu zinayi pali ojambula zithunzi osati ochepa.

storyline

Young, mokondwera ndi wolemera Siegfried timatha ndi anzawo. Iye ndi chikondwerero, tsiku zakubadwa. Koma pali tsekwe nkhosa, ndi chinachake amakopeka wamng'ono kalonga namtsata iye mu nkhalango. Odette, Akavala matupi aumunthu, captivates ndi kukongola ndi chimakamba za chinyengo Rothbart, enchanted ake. Prince akapanga lonjezo la chikondi chosatha, koma mayi mfumukazi ali tsoka dongosolo matrimonial zipangizo mwana. Pa mpira iye Odile ofanana kwambiri tsekwe mfumukazi mtsikana. Koma kufanana ndi zochepa maonekedwe, ndipo posakhalitsa Siegfried wazindikira kulakwa kwake. Iye abwera nkhondo ndi kuchimwa Rothbart, koma mphamvu ndi wosiyana. Kumapeto okonda akuphedwa, kuchimwa (gedwa kadzidzi), nayenso. Izi chiwembu. "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja" wakhala kuvina kwambiri, osati chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake, koma chifukwa cha matsenga nyimbo Tchaikovsky a.

kulephera kuyamba

Mu 1877, pa Bolshoi kuyamba. Tsiku la February 20 Peter Ilyich anadikira ndi nkhawa ndipo musataye mtima. Chifukwa malo chisangalalo anali staging anatenga Wenzel Reisinger, amene analephera m'mbuyomo bwinobwino akamaionetsa koyamba Theatre. Ine ndikuyembekeza kuti nthawi chimenenso adzachituta bwino, sikunali kokwanira. Ndipo kotero izo zinachitika. Zosiyana onse amene anayamikira nyimbo zazikulu, maganizo adazindikira kuchita pamodzi. Achita ballerina Polina Karpakovoy polenga chifanizo cha Odette analephera. A Kolasi Line yapindula kwambiri zotsutsa wa nkhaniyo caustic zosayenera m'mwamba manja. Zovala ndi akanema anali kulakwitsa. Only ulendo wachisanu, pambuyo kusintha kwa soloist ndi (kuti kuvina Anna Sobeschanskaya, prima ballerina wa Bolshoi Theatre), anatha mwanjira kuuzira omvera. P. I. Chaykovsky anali maganizo zinalephereka.

Mariinsky staging

Izo zinachitika kuti kuvina "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja" anazindikira pokhapokha imfa yake, zimene sanali zoyembekezeka kusangalala kupambana wake. zaka zisanu ndi zitatu kupanga sizinathandize anali pa Bolshoi mpaka potsiriza kuchotsedwa repertoire a. Ntchito pa latsopano gawo Baibulo la choreographer Marius Petipa anayamba pamodzi ndi wolemba, anawathandiza Lev Ivanov, amene anali ndi luso moona kwambiri komanso kwambiri kukumbukira nyimbo.

The script anasintha, onse rethought choreographic. imfa kwambiri Wolemba a anadabwa Petipa, iye anadwala (chomwe chapangitsa kuti ena mikhalidwe yaumwini), koma atachira, anafunsa yekha kuti akonze kuvina "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja", amene adzakhala zozizwitsa chipilala P. I. Chaykovskomu. Anakwanitsa.

Kale February 17, 1894, atangofa wa Wolemba, mu yokumbukira madzulo, wophunzira L. Petipa Ivanov anapereka kwa anthu Baibulo latsopano kutanthauzira kwa mchitidwe chachiwiri, yodziwika ndi otsutsa monga yojambula waluntha. Kenaka, mu January 1895, ndi kuvina anali ankachitika pa Mariinsky Theater ku St. Petersburg. nthawi iyi anali kupambana zapadera. A ochepa omwe alinso ndi mzimu ambiri ntchito za kutha wosangalala. mchimwene wake nsembe kwa wolemba mochedwa Odzichepetsa Tchaikovsky. Mtsogolo, pa gululo anabwerera buku loyambirira, lomwe ndi kuika lero ndi owonetsera kupambana kwakukulu padziko lonse.

kuvina Choikidwiratu

Kulephera kwa "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja" zikuoneka kuti n'chifukwa chake wolemba zaka khumi ndi zitatu sanali ntchito ballets. Tchaikovsky mwina anasokoneza chakuti polemba chinenero ichi amaona opepuka, mosiyana ndi masewero a, nthetemya, zipinda zazikulu zokhala, cantatas ndi zoimbaimba, amene anasankha kulenga. Total kuvina Wolemba analemba atatu, awiri enawo ndi "chiphadzuwa chogona" imene linayamba kuonetsedwa mu 1890, ndipo anapereka "The Nutcracker" kwa anthu angapo zaka.

Koma "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja", ndiye anakhala ndi moyo wautali, ndi, nthawi zambiri, mpaka kalekale. The lonse mzaka zana makumi awiri kuvina si adzatsika kuchokera nsanja ya zisudzo kutsogolera dziko. malingaliro awo akuyendera mawu a kwambiri chi choreographer Gorsky, Vaganova, K. Sergeyev ndi ena ambiri. Njira chosintha kwa gawo zoimbira za ntchito inatsogolera kupeza njira zatsopano kulenga kuvina, natsimikiza utsogoleri padziko lonse kuvina Russian. Connoisseurs luso ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, kuyendera Moscow, taganizirani mfundo zofunika za kuyendera Grand Theatre. "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Nyanja" - uchita kuti sasiya aliyense osayanjanitsika, penyani izo - loto la anthu onse amene amakonda kuvina. Mazana a ovina otchuka kuganizira pachimake pa ntchito yake Odette.

Ndinadziwa Peter Ilyich ...