Recapitalization ndi chiyani? Recapitalization mabungwe ngongole

Kuphunzira funso la chimene kuwonjezeka likulu, ayenera kuti izi ndi ndondomeko chotchuka kwambiri monga njira lalikulu la polimbana ndi mavuto ndi zachuma. States ambiri mu nthawi kuchokera 2008 mpaka 2009 anapereka mabungwe a zachuma likulu mlingo woyamba. Lero, mfundo ndi m'Matchalitchi Russia. Back mu 2008, chithandizo kwa payekha ndi mabanki boma akumeneko ndi chiwerengero cha makampani malonda anathandiza dziko kuthana ndi mavuto ambiri.

Kodi jekeseni wa ndalama?

Mawu oyamba a ndalama ku mabanki wadabva zinachitikadi kudzera kugula boma ankakonda magawo ndi zipangizo zina ndalama zogwirizana ndi udindo wa mlingo woyamba. Recapitalization mabungwe ngongole ndi boma kudzera kugula magawo wamba a mabungwe a zachuma unachitikira kwambiri kamodzikamodzi. Poganizira ziwerengero tikhoza kunena kuti pa makumi asanu mabanki waukulu American mu nthawi yamavuto, 23 okha thandizo boma. Ku Ulaya thandizo chaperekedwa mabungwe 15 okha, womwe ndi 76% ndi 40% wa chisanadze mavuto capitalization la nchito za kubanki. Malinga ndi mfundo operekedwa ndi IMF, ambiri pulogalamu recapitalization ndalama pagulu m'chaka cha 2009 chinali 3% ya GDP.

Capital Chulukitsani Russia

Poganizira kuti kuwonjezeka likulu, tiyenera kuona zimene zikuchitika ku Russia. Pulezidenti Russian Putin zinasaina lamulo pa recapitalization mabungwe ndalama kuchuluka kwa thililiyoni 1 rubles ndi opereka OFZ (feduro nsinga ngongole). Malinga ndi olemba la chilamulo, chopereka chuma iyenela yopangidwa ndi Agency Insurance Gawo. Izo, nawonso, adzakhala imatumiza ndalama kuti mabanki kuchita ntchito zawo mbali ya ngongole alipire kuti depositors, ngongole ndi akapolo ngongole. ndalama adzakhala kupita ku magawo yochezera. Boma lidzasendera pa kutaya inshuwalansi bungwe BFL ndalama zimene tatchulazi, zomwe zingathandize kuti atsimikizire mabanki zoweta ya mavuto.

mipata Kodi yankho?

Bill, chimene idzachitike recapitalization mabungwe ngongole ku Russia, anali kukonzekera kwa nthawi yaitali. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti chifukwa cha vuto linkakula chuma dziko mogwirizana ndi ziletso ndi West pansi yamba kumalondolera nchito ndalama. Akatswiri ambiri akuneneratu ngakhale Sanapezeke m'munda umenewu. The ndalama allocated kwa konzanso wa gawo ndalama, adzakhala mwamphamvu ankalamulira. Izi zinali ku msonkhano wopita mwalamulo ananena wapampando wa Malawi Komiti Golikova. Finance Minister Siluanov Zoneneratu amanena kuti bilu pambuyo kukhazikitsa utumiki chiyenera kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha banki likulu la osachepera 13%. Kuchuluka okwana ngongole kwa kanthawi kochepa chikuyembekezeka kukula ndi osachepera 15-20%. Analengeza kuti chimaposa zonse ku okayikitsa OFZ adzakhala kunam'sintha kwa bajeti feduro.

Pamene zofuna banki thandizo?

Aliyense banki ali likulu chake, chomwe ndi ndalama la bungwe ndalama. Monga mbali ya mabungwe ndalama ndi katundu zimene zimachititsa ndalama ndi kupereka makampani ndiwe wa gulu ena. Capital Bank amatolera ndi kukopa ndalama kwa ndalama - anthu onse komanso nyumba malonda. Iye borrows. Pankhaniyi, kosamalira ndalama amapereka ngongole pa amadwala chidwi. Kusiyana kupereka chiwongoladzanja pa ngongole ndi chidwi pa ngongole ndipo amatipatsa liquidity wa kampani. Pakagwa tsoka, ndi lakuthwa outflow likulu ku Russia, borrowers ambiri a banki, osati sanabwerere ngongole, koma sanathe kubwezera ngakhale chidwi pa izo. Choncho, kulephera kwa bajeti unakhazikitsidwa ndipo kubanki ndi sanathenso kukwaniritsa udindo wawo kwa ndalama. Kusintha zinthu amathandiza recapitalization a mabanki. Kodi izo, basi kumvetsa. Ndipotu, ndipo mu mtundu chosavuta - ichi ndi malipiro ndi boma la ngongole zoipa ndi maganizo kusunga liquidity mabungwe a zachuma pa mlingo wapamwamba.

Chifukwa boma recapitalization?

Poganizira mfundo za nkhani ya boma kuti likulu kuwonjezeka, ndondomeko angatchedwe pofuna kupewa mkhalidwe mantha. Ngati mabungwe a zachuma paulendo gulu lonselo ankaliphera pamodzi sadzakhala kukwaniritsa udindo wake chifukwa likulu adequacy otsika, izo adzachititsa chisangalalo. Anthu adzakhala massively kutapa ndalama madipoziti pakati ndalama, amene sakhoza amadzachita chisoni bajeti, komanso kupereka zokoma kwa maphunziro amphamvu kulumpha. Kulengezedwa wa ngongole subordinated, umene anapima kuti lifanane ndi likulu atathana ndi amatsimikizira mtendere wa dongosolo banki lonse, n'zotheka kutchula mawu akuti "likulu zoonjezera". Ndipo njila lero wakhala phunziro kwa banki kuposa wina. Choncho, kuchuluka likulu zinachitikadi, "Delta Bank", "ulimi Bank", "VTB". Ndipo ochepa chabe za mndandanda wa mabungwe ndalama zimene boma amathandiza. Malinga ndi chilamulo, udindo pa ngongole subordinated akutsatiridwa mu kukhota lomaliza.

Kuti mfundo kupereka ngongole subordinated?

Wachiwiri wapampando wa Bank ku Central la Russia Mikhail Sukhov ananena kuti recapitalization "Rosselkhozbank" Ndipotu, ngati mabungwe ena azachuma, ayenera kupereka kuthamanga kunsi pa chiwongola dzanja mu gawo lenileni zachuma. Mu m'tsogolo, idzachitike ziziyenda pakati pa gawo zachuma ndi msika chuma cha dziko, kumene tsopano pafupi ofikira. The ndalama kuti ofunitsitsa kuchokera okayikitsa ku mabanki, sayenera kukhala pansi misonkho. Boma la Russia wakhala akuchita chiwembu chofuna kuthandiza boma la a zachuma mu 2008, zimene zinabweretsa zotsatira chidwi. chisankho kupewa bankirapuse mabungwe ambiri ngongole, koma zambiri ndalama kuchokera zomvetsa.

Amene ngongole mabungwe mwina amadalira thandizo la boma?

Popeza anachitira ndi funso zimene kuwonjezeka likulu kubanki, muyenera kulabadira mfundo yakuti si onse mabungwe a zachuma imayendetsedwa ndi boma. List of Banks amasankha ndiponso amasangalala ndi anthu okayikitsa. Malinga ndi Komiti Yomanga Yachigawo pa ngongole subordinated angalandire 27 establishments, likulu lake osachepera biliyoni 25 rubles. Wa mwalamulo allocated kuthandiza gawo ndalama zankhaninkhani, 1 rubles, thandizo lenileni adzakhala zopanda okwana biliyoni 830. Muyezo waukulu kusankha makampani kukhala ofunitsitsa kwambiri kukuza kukongoza ku gawo lenileni zachuma m'madera kutsogoza wa boma. Monga mobwerezabwereza anati, recapitalization a mabanki (chimene takambirana pamwambapa) si kuthetsa mavuto mabungwe a zachuma lovutali. Pa thandizo ndi cholinga mwachindunji.

Zinthu zimene ziyenera akutsatiridwa ndi banki

Mndandanda mwayi zikuphatikizapo mabungwe ena azachuma, amene ntchito ndi mfundo anakhazikitsa. Ndi kupezeka kwa likulu kuchuluka kwa rubles biliyoni 25, limene linalembedwa pamwamba. Komanso, banki wodandaulayu anali pa zaka zapitazi awiri mwachangu kukhala tikukongoza gawo lenileni la chuma. Kufutukuka malangizo ayenera kukhala osachepera 12%. Malinga ndi muyezo kusankha, kosamalira chuma ayenera kukhala amphamvu njira kuti kulipira antchito awo: kuwonjezeka zochepa malipiro, ndi Malipilo osachepera mamembala bolodi ndi gulu la otsogolera. mfundo Mokhwima ayenera ntchito mu lopeza mawerengedwe mbali ya ndalama. Malinga ndi ziwerengero kuyambirira, chithandizo adzakhala imawunikidwa otsatirawa mabungwe a zachuma:

• "VTB adzalandira" biliyoni 307 rubles.
• Kubwerera mfundo "VTB" - biliyoni 193 rubles.
• CIMODZI CIMODZI "Mwana" wa "VTB 24" - biliyoni 65,8 rubles.
• "Bank of Moscow" - biliyoni 49 rubles.

dongosolo Anti-mavuto

Kuphunzira funso la chimene kuwonjezeka likulu, tisaiwale kuti mawu amenewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito osati poyerekezera ndi mabungwe ngongole. chithandizo ndi boma mwina pofuna kupeza phindu makampani ndi mabungwe ena aliwonse othandiza kubwezeretsa chuma dziko. Pulogalamu umalimbana kulimbana vutoli, akukonzekera amathera maola 2.3 thililiyoni. rubles. The recapitalization anakonza kampaniyo, chimene, mwa njira, bungwe la ndalama, ngakhale wolephera, kale adamulowetsa pa chiyambi cha kotala woyamba wa chaka chino. Banks kuti kulandira thandizo atenga angapo mapanganowo. Iwo ayenera kuwonjezera buku la kubweza kukongoza pa mlingo wa osachepera 1% pamwezi, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ngongole kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe. Komanso, mabungwe a zachuma ndi kuonjezera likulu lake ndi kuchuluka ofanana kwa hafu ya analandira thandizo. Kulera malipiro antchito onse ndalama bungwe akuletsedwa kwa zaka zitatu zotsatira.

Imene Boma zakonzedwa kuti apereke ngongole subordinated?

Monga kale, ndi thandizo la ndalama adzakhala anapereka osachepera 30 mabanki Russian, kuphatikizapo ndi "VTB". Capital kuwonjezeka kuphimba mbali zotsatirazi:

• Agriculture - kuchuluka kwa rubles biliyoni 10.
• Magalimoto makampani - 5 biliyoni. Amatanthauza kokha anapitiriza kukhazikitsa pulogalamu kasamalidwe zinyalala.
• ang'onoang'ono ngongole kwa makampani - 5 biliyoni.
• Zigawo adzalandira biliyoni pa kugula magalimoto kuthamanga gasi.

Boma zowerengera ali inyamuka chitetezo ndalama za m'dzikoli, gawo chikhalidwe. Pa polimbana ulova zakonzedwa kulipira biliyoni 82,2 rubles. Izo poyamba zinakonzedwa kuti aganyali kubwezeretsa chuma cha boma osachepera 100 biliyoni, koma kenako anaganiza kuchepetsa tokha kuti rubles 23 zokha biliyoni kwa zigawo yogwira.

"Gazprom" kuthandiza

Kuwonjezera pa issuance wa ngongole subordinated kuti mabungwe a zachuma pulezidenti mobwerezabwereza kunayambitsa funso zimene zina capitalization a "Gazprom" si zofunika kwenikweni. Pulezidenti Russian anali imprudence kulonjeza mwalamulo thandizo la ndalama kuchokera boma. Ndipotu bilu anakanidwa, ngati iwo apeza kuti lalikulu bungweli akhoza mosadalira kupeza ndalama kwa kukhazikitsa ntchitoyi kumangira chitoliro cha mayendedwe mpweya Russian kwa China. Kugwiritsa ntchito monga chosowa lonse kuthera biliyoni 55, 25 amene kale kuti adzam'patsa China palokha - bwenzi la United Russia BRICS ndi SCO. Russian Ministry of Finance si mafunso oti rationalism polojekiti, ndi chikhulupiriro mu imfa yake, ndi recapitalization VEB zikuwoneka mochuluka bwino ntchito. Komanso, pamsonkhano wa mamembala a boma anamveka mawu kuti ndalama boma mowirikiza kuwonjezeka ndipo izi Musazengeleze mu bajeti boma kuthandiza ntchito zokayikitsa.