Caucasus medlar - ndi zipatso zachilendo

Mu dzina chimodzi kudziwika zomera zipatso ziwiri: Caucasus ndi Japanese medlar. Komabe, kusiyana kwawo ndi motero kuti botanists anawatenga kupita mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi genera wa banja Rosaceae. Choyamba ndife chidwi loquat Caucasus. Mogwirizana ndi dzina lake, izi mbewu zipatso kwa nthawi yoyamba inatuluka mu Caucasus. Pali umboni wakuti kuphunzitsidwa pansi kwa zaka zikwi zitatu. Malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena, zomera amatchedwa medlar (wamba). Dzina anapatsidwa ngakhale Karl Linney, koma anabwera popanda kusintha kulikonse masiku ano. Mu lonse mafakitale mbewu imeneyi chakula Asia Minor, Ulaya, ndi Caucasus, kumwera kwa Ukraine, Moldova ndi Russia.

Caucasus medlar ndi mtengo deciduous. Nthawi zambiri ukufika 5 mamita mu msinkhu ndi m'mimba mwake chomwecho mu korona m'lifupi. Ndicho chifukwa loquat - mtengo waukulu kwambiri, anthu ochepa amafuna izo m'munda wake. Izo limamasula mu May. Maluwa zomera kukongoletsa kwambiri maonekedwe. zipatso medlar pokhwima yekha mu kugwa mochedwa kapena kumayambiriro yozizira. Chifukwa chakuti zomera ndi yaitali nyengo kukula, kukula mu zinthu nyengo ya Russia ndi m'malo ovuta.

Medlar Caucasus kumabweretsa zipatso ang'ono. awiri awo alibe upambana 2.5 cm, ndi kutalika ndi za 7 cm. Iwo akhoza kukhala apple-, anamaliza kapena zina mawonekedwe. Pafupifupi zipatso maliseche chikasu-bulauni, zofiirira, wofiira ndi zofiirira. Nyama ya iwo bulauni. Pa m'kamwa ndi fungo wowawasa, zotsitsimutsa. Mkati zipatso ali mbewu 5 (maenje).

Mphamvu mtengo wa zipatso ndi otsika. Choncho, 100 ga loquat zili 40-45 yekha kcal. Iwo ali zinthu monga mapuloteni (0,7%), mafuta (0.6%), mapadi (0.9%), shuga (kuti 8,6%), organic zidulo (kwa 0,18 %). Zipatso ali vitamini B1 (0.02 mg / 100 g), B2 (0.04 mg / 100 g), C (10 mg / 100 g), B2 (0.04 mg / 100 g), beta-carotene (mpaka 775 mg / kg). Loquat Caucasus wolemera mchere: phosphorous (mpaka 36 mg / 100 g), calcium (30 mg / 100 g), chitsulo (kuti 0,8 mg / 100 g), potaziyamu (350 mg / 100 g). Zipatso za zidulo ambiri organic (citric, malic, tartaric). zipatso akhoza kudya pokhapokha iwo kukhala yofewa (doughy) kapangidwe.

Medlar Caucasus kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chakudya komanso ngati mankhwala. zipatso zake ndi antidizenteriynymi, m'mimba katundu. Iwo kusintha kagayidwe, matenda a ntchito ya zopangitsa endocrine. organic zidulo ndi zotsatira zabwino pa magazi ndi mantha dongosolo, chiwindi, m'mapapo.

Loquat chomera ali ndi maonekedwe kukongoletsa kwambiri, choncho ngati pali ziwembu wopanda m'dziko m'munda, mukhoza kuyesa kukula mtengo. Monga ulamuliro, mu nthaka lotseguka anabzala 3-4 mitengo m'chilimwe chakula nazale.

Kodi kukula medlar? Kubzala ikuchitika ya masika. Kwa zomera ndi abwino bwino-ukala nthaka. Mbande ya zokhalitsa tayi msomali. Zaka 2 nthambi chigoba cha ochititsa ndi tadulidwa ndi theka. Mu zaka 2 tadulidwa yekha ndi kotala. Mbali mphukira ayenera adzafupikitsidwa kuti 15-20 cm. Care zomera okhwima ndi kudulira negligible, ngakhale mungachite popanda izo.

Medlar Caucasus zambiri si poyera kuti kuukira matenda ndi tizilombo. Zipatso kukolola October-November. Iwo kufalitsa mu wosanjikiza limodzi mu malo ozizira kwa masabata 3-4 kuti kucha. Pamene iwo zofewa, iwo akhoza kudya mwatsopano kapena ntchito kupangira umatetezera.