Nyenyezi yaing'ono birch

Pali zingapo mitundu ya mitengo birch, koma si onse ali oyenera ntchito ya kapangidwe malo. M'zaka zaposachedwapa kunadetsa nyenyezi yaing'ono birch ntchito m'minda malo ndi malo wakunja kwatawuni. Kuthengo mbewu izi zimapezeka mu Yakutia ndi West Siberia, kumpoto kwa Russia ndi Kamchatka. Kunja nyenyezi yaing'ono birch umakhala North America ndi kumpoto kwa Ulaya. Nthawi zina, chitsamba ichi angapezeke mu mapiri, mamita 300 pamwamba pa nyanja, koma mu Alps ilo limakula pamalo okwera 2000 m. Mu gawo la Titafika pamalo, pa bogs Moss, mu nkhalango, Alps zone ndi Titafika pamalo mtundu uwu wa birch ndipamene m'nkhalango mosalekeza amatchedwa "Otsutsa" anthu. Pa zomera kumpoto ntchito ngati mafuta ndi chakudya kwa mphalapala. Mu nkhokwe izo zimatetezedwa ndi boma.

Izi ndi silnovetvisty mitundu otsika chitsamba kwa 1.2 mamita mu msinkhu, ndi kuuka kwa pafupifupi theka woongoka mphukira adachitira ndi bulauni kutumphuka. Masamba yochititsa imakonzedwa kamodzi. Iwo ndi kutalika kwa awiri ndi theka masentimita ndi munthu pazipita M'lifupi - centimeter wina. Masamba ndi anamaliza pamwamba ndi shirokoklinovidnoe m'munsi. Kudera la lamina kuchepetsa-imodzi. Mtundu masamba - mdima wobiriwira, glossy, iwo pamwamba ndi pansi pang'ono yomata ndipo mbandakucha. Petioles ang'ono - mpaka mamilimita 6 m'litali.

Popeza amamera miyala, chithaphwi ndi Titafika pamalo dothi, ali ndi dongosolo osaya mizu. Birch nyenyezi yaing'ono ali melenkie maluwa, inconspicuous, inflorescences unisexual anasonkhana mu-ndolo cm 1.5 m'litali ndi za 0,5 masentimita m'lifupi. Izi kuwala inflorescences bulauni zili pa malekezero a nthambi lateral. Kumiza birch pachimake ngakhale pamaso masamba. Zipatso za zomera ndi kakang'ono ndipo zimapanga elliptical mtedza yokutidwa ndi mapiko yopapatiza membranous mumbali. Iwo zipse mu June.

Mtundu wa Birch lagawidwa subtypes awiri:

- exilis (chizizwa downy, masamba yomata ndipo zanthete anamaliza mawonekedwe mpaka 1.5 cm), ilo limakula kumpoto-kum'mawa Asia ndi kumpoto Canada ndi Alaska;

- Nana (ali ndi pang'ono waubweya, si zomatira, zanthete, masamba kutalika kuposa 2.5 cm), anagawira kumpoto chakumadzulo Asia, ndi Alps, Greenland, ndi Canada (za Baffanova Earth.).

Birch, Kuwulura chimene pamwambapa, wachita kale ntchito ya kapangidwe malo. zinthu Cultural Nagula m'masitolo zapaderazi, monga kuyenera kukula mu chikhalidwe, kumverera bwino mu pafupifupi onse nyengo ya Russia ndi bwinobwino zimafalitsidwa kwa cuttings. Izi birch wachisomo ali ngati chithumwa wapadera. Nthawi zambiri, ndipamene clumps anamaliza mpaka 1 mita mu msinkhu, omwe amafunika pang'ono kapena ayi kudulira zonse. Wokongola iye amayang'ana mkati kakwamba gulu, kuti ndi Alpine mapiri ndi rockeries. Chidwi nyenyezi yaing'ono birch m'dzinja pamene masamba utoto mu wowala mtundu wachikasu kapena wofiirira. Tree mwangwiro amanyamula frosts aakulu. kuoneka bwino kwambiri ndi chomera ndi gulu la conifers yobiriwira nyenyezi yaing'ono.

Kumiza birch amakula bwino mu acidic ndi ofooka acidic munda nthaka ndi peat. zomera si wovuta kwambiri, koma ndi bwino kukula mu madera bwino anayatsa. Mabaibulo akale a Koran amakhala imvi wakuda mtundu. N'zosavuta kuchotsa, kotero kudula tchire (ngati n'koyenera) ayenera kukhala zosadzira mitengo yekha lakuthwa.

zomera zingabzalidwe ndi mitundu yogwirizana ya birch:

- glandular (mtundu American, ngati nyenyezi yaing'ono, koma ndi masamba aakulu komanso apamwamba);

- Chifinishi (hybrid verrucosa birch ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono masamba ang'ono);

- Middendordfa (ali lalikulu masamba anamaliza).