Malina: sukulu kwa Siberia. Kufotokozera, makamaka chodzala ndi kukonza

Amene alibe kulota ndi isanayambike yotentha kukoma raspberries onunkhira? Izi ndi mabulosi wotchuka kwambiri pakati wamaluwa kusangalala. Iwo akhoza kulankhula mpaka kalekale za mitundu, kubzala, kulima, kukoma ndi mtundu wa zipatso. Ndipo mmene chokoma ndi kupanikizana wathanzi ndi rasipiberi!

Only ndi moyo waufupi chipatso ichi: mitundu yake ochiritsira chipatso pakati chilimwe, kamodzi pachaka - zimadalira zosiyanasiyana ndi kukula dera. Koma kodi mafani rasipiberi akukhala Siberia ndipo ndikufuna kukula izo Berry izi?

Si kale anali ayipanga ndi obereketsa "Siberia" rasipiberi - mitundu ku Siberia, anakonzedwa kukula m'dera lino.

General mudziwe raspberries

Rasipiberi ndi nthumwi ya banja Rosaceae Luss - Rosaceae, mtundu Rubus L. Izi chitsamba chilichonse osatha kukhala adzafupikitsidwa mkombero moyo aboveground chomera mbali. The mizu ndi chitsa ndi mizu angapo adventitious kuti athandize akuya masentimita 40.

The pomwepo kenaka zikumera amapereka mitundu iwiri ya kubereka ndi m'malo. Pamwambapa nthaka mbali ya mmera osauka m'zinthu ziwiri: chimodzi mphukira kukula mmbuyo mu chaka choyamba mpaka m'dzinja ozizira chithunzithunzi, m'chaka chachiwiri iwo kupereka zokolola, adzauma ndi kuchotsedwa.

Umapezeka kuti rasipiberi zokolola zimadalira kutalika ndi awiri yothawira apamwamba a zimayambira, nthambi zambiri zipatso unakhazikitsidwa pa iwo, ndipo chotero, wamkulu zokolola. Choncho muyenera mwamsanga kusamalira polenga zinthu mulingo woyenera kulimbikitsa chitukuko ndi kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano.

Kodi kukhala rasipiberi cultivar kwa Siberia

Malina sikutanthauza chisamaliro zapadera Komabe, zomera ndi atengeke ndithu ozizira, zimene zimachititsa kuti n'zotheka kulima mbali ndi nyengo nkhanza. Choncho, musanayambe pa kulima mbewu izi, m'pofunika kuphunzira mitundu amene bwino yosayenera nthaka ndi nyengo mikhalidwe derali, umene wakula raspberries. Mayeso kwa Siberia ayenera kukhala koposa zonse, ozizira zosagwira, okhwima opambana isanayambe nyengo yozizira ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda.

Pakuti bwino kulima rasipiberi, chofunika pafupifupi 75 masiku kutentha zolamula 10 ° C, ndi zizindikiro yogwira zikutanthauza kutentha kwa 1600 kuti 1800 ° C. Mu Western Siberia kukumana i zigawo ili kum'mwera kwa mzere chirengedwe Khanty-Mansiysk, Krasnoyarsk. Mu kum'mawa Siberia mbali yaing'ono beseni ndi Selenga, ndi Angara ndi Yenisei, ndi Far East ali abwino chifukwa chodzala lonse la Amur Mtsinje beseni.

Siberia rasipiberi

Rasipiberi amachitira zikuwononga ku utuluke otsika kwambiri chinyezi mpweya: sorokaprotsentnoy pa chinyezi wachibale wa zosakwana 40%, ndipo akuyamba otchedwa "mpweya youma" omwe si bwanji ngakhale kuthirira wa dothi. Zimadzetsa kuonongeka kwa apululuke zokolola zipatso magweru.

Ponena za Kumwera Urals, Siberia ndi Bank Kumanzere wa Volga, ku chigawo kwambiri anakhudzidwa ndi dryness kwambiri kwa nyengo chokhala.

Obereketsa akhala zimaŵetedwa makamaka ndinazolowera mavuto a raspberries. Mayeso kwa Siberia, wotchuka kwambiri m'chigawo cha kumpoto, zotsatirazi:

• Muyambe Siberia - kalasi ndi mawu muyezo wa zipatso kucha;
• Kumayambiriro lokoma - kucha rasipiberi mwangwiro Amakweza ndi frosts Siberia;
• Barnaul - superstoyky chisanu kalasi;
• The mphoto - Hardy mtundu wa zipatso wokoma;
• Mphatso Siberia - Middle-yozizira-Hardy zosiyanasiyana, kugonjetsedwa kwambiri kwa matenda, zipatso wakuda.

Zinthu kukula

Zipatso zonse yekha rasipiberi ndi wovuta kwambiri mu kukhalapo kwa kuwala. Ntchito kumawonjezera mphukira zake bwino kuwala. Kuti tichite zimenezi, achite yokonza, normalization ndipo amasankha dongosolo mulingo woyenera chithandizo. Magwafa m'munda waliuma kuti chinyontho m'nthaka ndipo alibe anatani chosowa chinyezi. Chofunika kwambiri ndi Ufumuyo m'dambo kumayambiriro nyengo kukula.

Rasipiberi, kuonetsetsa waliuma kwambiri chinyezi, mu nthawi yomweyo salola madzi kwambiri. madzi owonjezera m'nthaka kumabweretsa imfa ya mizu chifukwa chosowa mpweya kubweza pansi kukula kwa mphukira ndi kukalamba zimakhala anachedwa. Zomera yomweyo adatchithisira kukana ozizira ndi wopindula. Komanso chiwerengero cha tizilomboto Chimakula mu dziko achinyezi.

Magwafa komanso ndi wovuta kwambiri pa zikuchokera makina ndi lachonde kumene ilo limakula. Palibe chabwino kuposa kudzala raspberries mu pang'ono acidic loam sing'anga ndi ngalande wabwino.

Kodi kusankha malo kubzala

malo, amene anaganiza kusankha kwa raspberries chodzala, ayenera kukwaniritsa mfundo zotsatirazi:

1. Zofunika pafupi ndi mosungiramo kwa dongosolo ulimi wothirira chipangizo (kapena vodoskvazhiny).
2. Humus okhutira, chofunika ndi munda atagona ayenera kukhala mkati 8% mu dothi ofooka acidic kapena ndale.
3. Subsoil sayenera permeable ndi imodzi vlagoemok. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mukhoza kulima ndi kupalira.
4. Mlingo wa madzi nthaka m'dera sayenera mamita oposa theka kuchokera pansi, monga kubalana rasipiberi zimawononga zotsatira chinyezi kwambiri, ndi masika osefukira - makamaka. Kubzala si saucers oyenera ndiponso m'zigwa. Komanso, ngati malo chowawa stagnate mpweya misa, amene kubweza njira mpweya kutengerapo ndi kumabweretsa kukula kwa bowa ndi m'nthawi yozizira.
5. A mbali yofunika ankaimba m'dera la chitetezo mphepo kuomba, makamaka pa akukhudzidwa ndi chidzalo nthambi zipatso.

Features wa kulima

Pa wina ndi malo amodzi mwa tchire rasipiberi kungabweretse pyakusowa pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi zitatu. Chikuchititsa zimenezi ifika, iwo amati, "kutopa wa nthaka." Tisonyeza zimenezo mwa chakuti nkhokwe michere akuchitiridwa zatha, pamene mizu ndi okalamba. Komanso, munda amasonkhana zosiyanasiyana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi doko rasipiberi.

Kufotokozera za njira yothetsera vutoli zikuphatikizapo osiyana dongosolo mbewu kasinthasintha:

1. Bookmark m'minda anapanga pa theka la malo anakonza. Patatha zaka zinayi kapena zisanu kubzala anawamvera mu theka lachiwiri, ndi writhe choyamba.
2. Pakuti madera mokwanira yaikulu ya munda yopuma chaka chatsopano. Izi zipangitsa kupezeka kwa anthu amisinkhu yonse ndi kukhota mosalekeza.
3. Kusinthana kwa raspberries chodzala, masamba (kupatula Solanaceae) ndi "nthunzi".

Best wa onse adzamva raspberries pa m'dera la mapiri pafupifupi ndi otsetsereka wofatsa, yomwe ili kumpoto chakumadzulo kapena kumadzulo.

Care la mbande

Popeza mbewu raspberries ndi kugula mbewu yake, monga ulamuliro, pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, ndikofunika kusunga chuma chomera: izo mongoyembekezera dropwise kapena kuponda pansi, ndikuyang'ana dongosolo muzu si adzauma chifukwa cha kusowa compaction nthaka.

Rasipiberi atali si allocated lalikulu chisanu mlengalenga mbali. Zimayambira makamaka mitundu poipa ngakhale opanda 28 ° C. Choncho, Siberia ndi Urals, Aziliphimbanso kwa dzinja. Childs, mu Urals ndi Western Siberia ndi akugwa okwanira zimayambira pansi ndi awo seeding chisanu. Ku Asia ndi ku Eastern Siberia wabweretsedwa kuphimba iwo ndi nthaka (ndi njira ya mpesa).

Nsonga ya zimayambira pa tchire la raspberries, monga ulamuliro, musati kubweretsa zonse kunachitika yokolola, koma ndalama pa maluwa ndi mapangidwe zakudya impso. Komanso, nthawi zambiri amaundana pang'ono. Chifukwa iwo asakhalenso yomweyo pambuyo zomera kuti anatuluka hibernation.

Njira zili pakati pa mizere

Mlingo wa wetting munda ndi chinthu chachikulu mu timipata kusankha njira chisamaliro chimene chimafuna rasipiberi. Kufotokozera za luso Jaji chinyezi ndipo adzausunga motere:

1. Chinyezi malo owonjezera nthawi zonse umachitikira mbali yapakati-mzere grassing, ndiye kubzala pakati pa mizere ya udzu wapadera. pepala ake kulemera kumawonjezera kuchotsa chinyezi muyeso, ndipo amapereka bwino madzi-mpweya mode mu wosanjikiza dothi, kumene mizu ili. Choncho, ngakhale mu yonyowa pokonza, nyengo ya mvula pakati pa mizere palibe matope ndi slush.
2. Chosowa chinyezi kapena evaporation kwambiri a kanjira udzu ake mulching. Bright kuphimbira wosanjikiza ambiri ali ndi kutentha madigiri ochepa poyerekeza kutentha mpweya. Choncho pambuyo dzuwa lilowa, chinyezi mu mlengalenga kumaundanitsa n'kubwerera nthaka. Ndiko kuti, otchedwa "wouma ulimi wothirira" mabedi.

Komanso kuphimbira kuwala mtundu akuganizira dzuŵa, kupereka mizere kuwala pansipa, kuti ali ndi zotsatira opindulitsa pa mmene rasipiberi kukula - mitundu muyenera Kuphunzira zina Siberia.

kubzala gulu

Ogulira kubzala, nthawi kuitenga kusokonezeka gawo. Munda lagawidwa Mzere-mizere, akuyesera kuwatsogolera kudutsa malo otsetsereka (kuti m'madera ambiri) ndi gulu lonse mphepo yoipa. Ndi zofunika kuti oyendetsa mndandanda kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera, chomwe chimathandiza yunifolomu chiwalitsiro cha tchire kumbali zonse angapo, ndipo kuchita zimenezi kumakhudza zabwino zokolola zawo.

Chodzala raspberries mu Siberia ukhoza kukhala nyundo ndi masika. Panthawi imeneyi, mungachite popanda ulimi wothirira, kuti ndi chinyezi achilengedwe.

Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito mukhoza pamanja kugwira ankafika, ngati dera la munda ndi mahekitala n'komwe, kapena makina, ngati pa.

Ngati kubzala ikuchitika pamanja, woyamba pa mndandanda nizitengedwa zitalizitali ndi pakati pa waya tensioned kapena chingwe. Chotsatira ndi kudzalidwa kwa zitsamba awiriawiri, mwachitsanzo awiri bwino. Pakati zitsime kumbuyo mapazi awiri komanso malo dzenje pafupi kugwa tulo mizu ya mbande mu imodzi yapita.

Stam mitundu kwa dera ozizira

Ambiri, gawo imatchedwa boles mapulaniwo kuti limaonekera kuchokera pansi pa nthambi yoyamba. Bole ali nthambi palibe mbali ndi mphukira. Pankhani zipatso 'Shtambovji "dzina la zosiyanasiyana izo zikutanthauza kuti mbewu ali ndi thunthu amphamvu ndipo sizikusoweka kuti womangidwa, trellises kapena zogwiriziza.

Kuthawa stam zosiyanasiyana raspberries - ndi wamfupi koma wojintcha, mbiya pryamorosly ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi mamita. Ilibe wilts pamwamba, mtengo wandiweyani, ndipo anthu kumatchedwa raspberries rasipiberi mtengo.

Stam rasipiberi Siberia umaimiridwa ndi mitundu monga stam 19, linga, Tarussa ndi ena. Iwo ndi ouma ndi wandiweyani zimayambira, mu nyengo chachiwiri, kupereka kwambiri nthambi zipatso ndi ntchito yambiri yokolola. Ngati shtambe izi kudula nthambi m'malo, ndi rasipiberi chitsamba adzakhala ngati mtengo umene osati amakonda ngakhale tizivutika ndi mbewu. Ngati nthambi kuchoka, iwo weramirani, wodzala ndi zipatso, koma iwo sangafikire pansi.

Mphukira otplodonosivshie, kudula, monga mwa mitundu ikuluikulu.

Kukula raspberries remontant mu Siberia

maphunziro Recent obereketsa anabweretsa ku msika mitundu yatsopano, wotchedwa remontant. Iwo anazindikira kuti remontant - ndi raspberries yabwino Siberia. zomera siingathe kubala chipatso nyengo ziwiri, koma makamaka ankachita kulima pachaka. The zokolola za mitundu izi kuposa fruiting mwachizolowezi nthawi zinai kapena zisanu.

Komanso, remontant mitundu kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda, ndipo ambiri transportable thornless.

Monogrades kulima imafotokoza kuti pambuyo zokolola ndi isanayambike chisanu kumapeto October mphukira otplodonosivshie tadulidwa kapena kutchetcha mpaka mlingo nthaka. Spring kukula nthambi yatsopano ndipo kenako ndondomeko akubwerezedwa. Nkofunika kupewa thickening landings.

mitundu Remontant wa raspberries kwa Siberia anapereka rasipiberi mitundu ya Indian chilimwe, kapu Monomakh a, Hercules, Bryansk chozizwitsa wosadziwika, Chief, Kalashnikov ndi ena nthawi zomera pang'ono.

Pakuti mwamphamvu kulima mphukira m'chaka pambuyo m'firiji pamtunda wa pansi ataphimbidwa ndi chuma wakuda chivundikiro, ndipo zitakula anapereka trellis. Posachedwapa kudzuka raspberries - ndicho chinsinsi cha kukula chipatso ichi mu Siberia.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa raspberries pachaka remontant

Ubwino wa mbewu imeneyi ya raspberries pazikhalanso:

• otplodonosivshie kuchotsa zimayambira mosavuta nkhondo tizirombo ndi matenda;
• Simufunikanso kuphimba kwa dzinja;
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ali sanamvere;
• anawonjezera nthawi ya kumwa raspberries atsopano;
• mitundu osati womangidwa ndi zida trellises;
• zipatso wandiweyani si showered, mpata m'madera ambiri, gulu la kukolola makina;
• mitundu remontant kubala mphukira ochepa a M'MALO ndi mphukira, zimveke kulimbana ndi inaimitsidwa koma kusokoneza kuswana raspberries.

The sangathe chachikulu cha mitundu awa ndi mtengo mbande, chifukwa kafalitsidwe mavuto kugwirizana ndi ochepa mbewu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti pachaka mitundu remontant la Mphamvu zonse zapatsidwa kwa mapangidwe chitsamba ndi mbewu, kuti mizu ndiponso zinamera alibe nthawi kukulitsa.