Causation: lingaliro, mbali ndi phindu

Pofuna kuchita chigawenga anazindikira, payenera kukhala angapo zizindikiro zimene zimatchedwa wotchedwa corpus delicti. Koma pali kusukulu ina, amene n'kofunika kukhazikitsa mfundo za malamulo - ubale causal. The malamulo a boma mu gawo lirilonse la chuma ndi zopezeka khalidwe, kulozera kwa munthu chifukwa cha zinthu zimene zinachitika kapena kuti zotsatira.

maganizo

Causation ali maudindo ziwiri zofunika kwambiri zimene iye amaona. Ichi ndi mwachindunji chifukwa cha wokha, chifukwa cha zomwe panali kumenya chigawenga, komanso chifukwa, ndi zotsatira. Sitiyenera mfundo osokonezeka monga mmene chifukwa. Zinthu mwachindunji khalidwe n'kosaloleka akhoza kukhala angapo, ndi onse a iwo akhoza bwinobwino kungadzutse pofufuza. Kuchokera chifukwa chimodzimodzi zotsatira zichokela mwachindunji. Mwachitsanzo, mawu a nkhondo kungakhale kopanda msewu, nyengo yabwino, kupeza wolakwa boma woledzera, ndi ena. Ndipo chifukwa mwina chakuti wovulalayo sanapereke ndudu. Choncho, causation - ndi kulankhulana cholinga (mogwirizana) pakati pa kuchitazo ndiponso zotsatirapo zake.

Zizindikiro za ulalo causal

Mu mabuku ndi malamulo a boma apeza zinthu zingapo zochititsa kuti ndendende zimaonetsa causation izi bungwe. Chief pakati pawo - Kudziwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe njira kwa munthu wa nzeru, kuli popanda chifuniro cha anthu. chifukwa ndi normative gulu. causal ubwenzi Lamulo limati kuti pali chifukwa izo zinagwira pofufuza. Choncho, pali kusankha yokumba chochititsa munthu ndipo chifukwa cha zotsatira zake. Ndipotu kuchita chilichonse pali nambala wopandamalire zinthu zimene zimakhudza ntchito zokhudza n'kosaloleka, koma mmodzi wa iwo adzaposa mwachindunji chifukwa. Chachitatu, ziyenera ananena kuti kuli zimayambitsa zotsatira zake. Ngati icho sichinali, upandu kuti ndikuona osiyana kapena sibwenzi zinachitika.

mavuto

Causation akanali vuto chapakati chiphunzitsochi. More ndendende, chiphunzitso amapereka nkhani pa chifundo cha kumapeto. Iwo likukhalira kuti yazamalamulo mabungwe investigative ndi makhoti, pali mavuto aakulu zokhudzana ndi nkhaniyi. Chiphunzitso pa mphindi si kukhala ndi lingaliro wamba causality, zimene akwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zochitika. Pali ziphunzitso ndi njira za akatswiri osiyanasiyana, pomwe malamulo enforcers muyenera i bwino kuti zinaoneka amasonyeza wrongfulness chochita zinthu ndi.

mtengo

Palibe zofunika kwambiri bungwe la causation m'chilamulo chifukwa cha pochimanga zimadalira moyo ndi tsogolo la anthu. Ngati kugwirizana otere anakhazikitsa, ndiye mwina kale zochokera mlandu. Pa nkhani imeneyi, zikuonekeratu kuti tanthauzo mosavomerezeka zonse akufunika kusintha. Ndipo n'kofunika kuti tikambirane anasonkhana zakuthupi kafukufuku kukhala Ngokhoza kulenga lingaliro logwirizana m'munda umenewu ndi tanthauzo lake kuchita.