Chibugariya vodika: dzinalo. Maula Chibugariya vodika

Akukhulupirira kuti embodiments ya zakumwa mowa choyamba anatuluka mu Persian wakale XI atumwi. Popeza malamulo a Chisilamu limaletsa kumwa mowa, anatulukira tincture ntchito monga nthumwi achire kapena m'munsi onunkhirawa.

Kuyambira kale anali malonda akhakula ndi nthawi nkhondo pakati limati, ndithudi, mu nthawi yochepa, kuzungulira m'ma XIII, luso yopanga zakumwa zokhala ndi mowa anali wodziwika Europe.

Nkhani ya mowa wamphamvu European

Woyamba European akutchula za ntchito ya umisiri Persian kupanga mowa kwa amisiri Italy. Kenako, sayansi ya ulimi wa madzi okhala ndi mowa kuyenda m'dera la France masiku ano, zikuoneka kuti achititsa kuti zikamera wa lokwera ndi burande. Kumene, cholinga chachikulu cha zakumwa awa atakhala mankhwala, koma chifukwa cha malamulo achipembedzo sanali, panali njira ya mowa kuphika. Umu ndi momwe "madzi a moyo" kapena "moyo mzimu" - latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Latin 'spiritus Vitas "- mu mowa wamphamvu wamba. Kuyambira XIII kuti XV atumwi, kumwa unafalikira ku Ulaya kwa Russia, panali Chibugariya mowa wamphamvu, Italy, Chimakedoniya, Russian.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mitundu ya mowa wamphamvu, opangidwa ku Bulgaria.

luso Ancient

njira kupanga mowa Mpesa potengera zachilengedwe nayonso mphamvu njira zapansi zosiyanasiyana masamba:

- dzinthu - tirigu, rye, balere

- masamba - mbatata, Beets;

- zipatso - maapulo, mphesa, nthuza ndi mapeyala.

Mwachionekere, Chibugariya mbuye empirically anatsimikiza zosakaniza munali kuchuluka kwambiri shuga ndi wowuma, popanda zomwe ndondomeko nayonso mphamvu ndi zosatheka. Ndipo ngakhale kuti umagwirira sayansi kulibe, mfundo za akuwaza shuga ndi Mowa, palibe munthu akanakhoza kumvetsa zonse anatsimikiza empirically. Nayonso mphamvu anali ikuchitika muli wapadera zopangidwa ndi mkuwa, zomwe mu masiku akale anali ofunika kwambiri ndalama ndipo analipo yekha osema wolemera kwambiri.

Pa kupanga yisiti mowa kumamatira sucrose ethyl ndi mbali zina zazing'ono. Mankhwala thovu "Braga", ndi evaporation kudzera zotchezera ndi distillation ndi otchezedwa mowa ndi. Ndiye kuti sitimadzipereka ndi madzi ndende 40%, umene ndi chomaliza mankhwala analandira, ndipo - Chibugariya mowa wamphamvu.

Sayansi yamakono kupanga mowa Bulgaria

Modern kupanga njira musati amasiyana maphikidwe akale. Chachikulu kusiyana lagona pa ntchito zida za zitsulo zosapanga ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana Kutentha kwa imathandizira pa ndondomeko nayonso mphamvu. Komanso, kusiyana zazikulu ulimi wamakono ntchito kale ntchito kale kukonzekera yisiti zikhalidwe. Ntchito yisiti mankhwala okonzeka kwambiri Iyamba ndondomeko kupanga, popeza palibe kudikira nayonso mphamvu feedstock mwachibadwa. Izi amachepetsa kupanga nthawi masabata angapo masiku.

Zinsinsi za mowa Chibugariya

Chibugariya vodika lopanga anazindikira chopangidwa ntchito siliva fyuluta, amene kwambiri bwino osati khalidwe la chakumwa, koma kukoma kwake. dongosolo zachokera ntchito ayoni siliva kuti zinthu akatembenuka zipangizo monga catalysts wamphamvu. Komanso, vodika ndi otchezedwa nthawi zosachepera zisanu ndi ziwiri kuti akumwa kwenikweni apamwamba ndi kukoma wofatsa. Umboni wa mphamvu ya matekinoloje tinganene kuti chigonjetso mu mpikisano lonse, imene Chibugariya vodika anapambana n'kulandira mendulo ya golidi, kumenya alimi ngati wotchuka ngati Ireland, Finland, Canada, England.

Zosiyanasiyana mowa wamphamvu mu Bulgaria

Ngakhale zosiyanasiyana za lonse la sukulu ya mowa Europe, Chibugariya vodika ali ndi makhalidwe yake dziko. Ambiri mwina zimenezi zinachitika chifukwa chakuti dziko ndi pa mphambano ya njira zakale malonda ndi nkhondo. mowa National anatenga peculiarities chikhalidwe European ndi kum'mawa mitundu European Western, komanso anthu Middle East.

The mitundu yaikulu ya mowa dziko ndi Chibugariya anisette ndi mowa wamphamvu anapangidwa kuchokera nthuza.

Popeza kuti mowa wamphamvu ndi kukoma tsabola chimagwiritsidwa anafalikira m'dziko pachilumbachi, komanso Turkey, osalephera, kumwa izi ndi zotsatira za kulanda Balkans ndi Ottoman.

vodika limeneli limatchedwa Chibugariya burande ndi tsabola ali ndi kukoma wapadera, kulawa monga chifuwa ana a madzi. Okhutira mowa mwauchidakwa, amagulitsidwa masitolo - 40%, linga ndi kunyumba burande ndi pafupifupi 60%. Kawirikawiri Chibugariya anisette ntchito chilled, ngakhale ena Bulgarians amakonda konzekera chakumwa mu nyengo yozizira. Tikumbukenso kuti burande kunena miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, chifukwa amakhala wokhathamira kukoma.

Chibugariya vodika: dzina la kumwa

Kuwonjezera pa kale zakumwa dziko, pali mtundu wina wa mowa wamphamvu, imatengedwa wapadera kwambiri. Tikuyankhula zokhudza mitundu ya tsabola mowa. Ichi ndi miyambo Chibugariya vodika utomoni wonunkhira. Childs, chakumwa lili 42 mpaka 47% mowa, koma pali mitundu amphamvu kwambiri. Ngati phala kuwonjezera madzi pang'ono, icho pomwepo adzatembenukira ndi yamkaka mtundu woyera. kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa utakhazikika pamaso ntchito. Mbali A kupanga izi mowa wamphamvu ndi kuti kuikidwa mu caverns subterranean mu casks thundu ndi Kuwonjezera wa utomoni wa mitengo ya mastic.

Komanso, kalasi yapadera ndi Chibugariya maula mowa wamphamvu. Kuyambira mutu zikuonekeratu kuti zikhale za maula phala, ndipo chifukwa zinthu zabwino nyengo ya dziko, oyenera kulima mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya zipatso. Nthawi zambiri, ndi Chibugariya vodika afika dzina lake, malinga ndi zigawo umene anapanga.

The mitundu yabwino ya mowa wamphamvu Bulgaria

Choyamba ndi Dziwani kuti ngati mukufuna kuyesa kumwa zakonzedwa malinga ndi mbali yonse, ndiye muyenera kupita m'mudzi waung'ono kumene amatsatira mwambo mowa uyu. Ngati ife kulankhula za burande, osabala ndi makampani Chibugariya, zakumwa kwambiri apamwamba amaonedwa "Burgas 63", "Old Troy", "Burgas Muscat", "Sliven ngale", "Pomorie Grozdova". The bwino Chibugariya utomoni wonunkhira ankaona chakumwa Peristera, munali mu zake zikuchokera 42% mowa.

Kodi kusiyanitsa khalidwe vodika

Kuti timvetse mmene chakumwa quality, m'pofunika kulabadira zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. burande mtengo zokwanira bwino, mtengo wake mwina upambana mtengo wa kachasu wa.
2. mkulu khalidwe vodika zosavuta ndi zofewa kumwa, popanda moto pakhosi.
3. Burande anapanga mogwirizana ndi malamulo onse, ali kwambiri kamapezeka m'mafuta kukoma, osati amayaka chinenero, kulowa m'mimba, chikondi zosangalatsa kufalikira thupi lonse.

Komanso, khalidwe chakumwa ayenera ndifilimu zabwino ndi fungo.

Kudyetsa tebulo anapanga mowa wamphamvu osakaniza ndi zitsamba, saladi, kuzifutsa masamba, nsomba kapena mbale nyama otentha. Nthawi zambiri monga akamwe zoziziritsa kukhosi Bulgarians zimawononga yamkaka ndi Shopska saladi, komanso zipatso zouma ndi zipatso.