Chifukwa chiyani Carthage ayenera kuwonongedwa

Cato mkuluyo, senator wa ku Roma wakale, adamaliza ntchito zake zonse pamaso pa abambo amodzimodzi - ndi mawu akuti "Carthage ayenera kuwonongedwa". Asenema ambiri adamuseka, ena adakhumudwa ndi zomwe Caton adakakamiza, koma mosasamala kanthu za nkhaniyo, adatsimikizira kuti ndizofunika kupita ku nkhondo ndi Carthage.

Kupirira kotereku? Nchiyani chinapangitsa kuti izi zikhale zovuta: kuwerengeka kosasinthasintha kwa ndondomeko kapena kukakamiza? N'chifukwa chiyani Carthage iyenera kuwonongedwa?

Kufotokozera kuchokera pa malo owona geopolitics

Maiko monga sayansi amachokera ku zinthu zosasinthika zomwe zimakhudza mapangidwe a dziko, monga malo a dziko ndi malo ake. Kuchokera pamene malowa kapena dzikoli lilipo, zimadalira momwe tsogolo la dziko lidzakhalire, komanso mmene chiyanjano chawo ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo chidzakhalira.

Mizinda ya Carthage inali yofanana ndi kayendetsedwe ka zamalonda. Pano ankakhala pa mfundo yaumwini, kudzimvetsetsa ndi kukayikira kwathunthu. Ku Carthage, munthu wolemera ankaonedwa ngati "woyera." Sanaganize kuti chikhalidwe cha umunthu ndi chiani: chiphuphu, chiphuphu, njira zonse ndi zabwino kupeza phindu lalikulu.

Roma ndi Carthage

Mphamvu zazikulu zomwe nthawi zambiri zinagonjetsa Roma, koma kwenikweni - chipembedzo cha mdima Moloch, yemwe adawononga mwana wakhanda. Anthu a Carthaginian adadyetsa mazana a ana awo kwa mafano awo kuti apeze chuma ndi mphamvu zambiri. Pamabwinja a Carthage anapeza ziphuphu zambirimbiri. Mazana a atsikana ndi anyamata ochokera m'mabanja okongola a Carthaginian ankaperekedwa nsembe. Ambiri anadzipereka kuguwa. Nsembe inapitirira mpaka Carthage inagwidwa ndi Aroma.

Mwina Cato, akutsutsa kuti Carthage iyenera kuwonongedwa, idalowa mu chikhalidwe chachikulu cha nkhondo yadziko. Ndiponsotu, zomwe zikulimbana pakati pa Roma ndi Carthage sizinagwirizane ndi zofuna, osati zovuta kumadera. Nkhondoyo inakonzeratu mbiriyakale ya dziko lonse lapansi, zaka zingapo za mtsogolo.

Mbiri ya Carthage ndi Roma ndi mitengo iwiri ya chitukuko chimodzi. Roma, nayonso, sanali wokoma mtima, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo anali kuyenda mosiyana. Aroma adakhulupirira ulemu ndi ulemu wa munthu, amalemekeza chilango komanso ankhondo awo. Chiwonongeko cha ndalama chinalowetsedwa ndi chiwawa chenichenicho, chosavuta. Wochimwa Moloki adalowetsedwa ndi milungu yakumwamba, odzikuza, koma osalungama. Aroma anamenyana, iwo sanali amalonda. Kotero, chifukwa cha lingaliro lachinyengo la Cato, yemwe anatsindika kuti Carthage ayenera kuwonongedwa, kuti anthu anakhala moyo weniweniwo.

Zakale za mbiriyakale

Carthage inali mumzinda wamakono wa Tunisia. Dziko lakale linakhazikitsidwa ndi a Foinike mu 825 BC. E. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lachitatu, Carthage inakhala mphamvu yamphamvu, yomwe inali chifukwa cha Punic Wars. Pambuyo pa Carthage potsirizira pake anawonongedwa ndi Aroma, gawo lawo linasunthira ku chigawo cha Roma cha Africa.

Masiku ano, mlendo aliyense ku Tunisia akhoza kupita ku mabwinja a mzinda wakale, koma si onse omwe angathe kuona gawo lonselo. Zina mwa zinthuzi zikufufuzidwa ndi akatswiri ofukula mabwinja, ena ali pa gawo lakhala pulezidenti, ndipo china chirichonse chili ndi malo akuluakulu kotero kuti n'zosatheka kuzifufuza.

Oyendayenda, monga lamulo, amasangalatsidwa ndi zipilala zazikuru kwambiri, koma zambiri mwa iwo sizinapangidwe Pune, koma Aroma. Kuchokera m'nthaŵi ya Punic, malo okhawo okhala m'matawuni, mabwinja a misewu, madoko ndi Tophet adasungidwa. Kunali kuno, ku Tophet, kuti minofu yaing'ono yamphongo, mapulusa a ana obadwa ndi ana ndi ana otsala a masauzande ambiri adapezeka. Zonsezi zinaperekedwa nsembe kwa mulungu wakuda.