Chipani - ndi mbali yofunika ya dongosolo la ndale la dziko

Kumasulira kwa Latin, "ndime" - "jenda" ndi "partis" - "gawo". "Partio" - "kugawaniza, gawani". Likukhalira chipani - kuyanjana kwa anthu amene asiyidwa ena likuvutika zinthu wamba ndi kukonza maganizo alionse, ziphunzitso, maganizo.

chipani - ndi njira yapadera, limene zofuna za anthu, ndi makalasi kapena zigawo, yophatikiza amene anthu amene ali okonzeka kukhala yogwira, kudzera ku mapeto. Pali chinthu monga gulu kuthamanga. Anzanu magulu a zipani za ndale - si chinthu chomwecho. Mokhudzana ndi zipani zandale - kukwaniritsa udindo ndi kukhazikitsa zake pulogalamu. Political chipani - ndi mwadongosolo maphunziro, ali ndi dongosolo bwino, atsogoleri ndi utsogoleri wolowezana.

Choncho, zizindikiro chipani - ndi koposa zonse, umboni wa zinthu ndi maloto a magulu chikhalidwe, kulimbirana mphamvu ndi ikumasuliridwa chenicheni cha mapulogalamu awo m, pamaso pa dongosolo makamaka (atsogoleri pachimake, wolowezana, kudziletsa, etc.), pali mfundo (nzeru za pulogalamu chipani, maganizo unsembe), amene amasankha njira ndi njira ya Party.

Anthu, achipani - ndi maphunziro wapawiri, amene pa dzanja limodzi, ndi bungwe anthu, mbali ya anthu wamba, okhoza amaumiriza pansi. Koma pa kagulu kamene chomwecho mu yamalamulo ndi chipani atsogoleri - ali mbali ya nyumba andale. Tinganene kuti zipani wamanga boma ndi mabungwe owona ufulu. Chifukwa kuli anthu awo akhoza zimakhudza mfundo mu dziko.

Panthawi zosiyanasiyana olekanitsidwa osiyanasiyana ndale. Choncho, iwo akhoza kugawidwa mu boma (mamembala ambiri aphungu, kupanga Mgwirizano boma kapena payekhapayekha) ndi kuwatsutsa (otsutsana boma, anatsutsa ndondomeko akuyendera).

Moris Dyuverzhe anasankha vnutriobrazuemye ndi vneshneobrazuemye phwando. anagawana cadre chipani ndi misa pa kapangidwe ka gulu.

Stiven Koen anali ndi Party wa zinchito cholinga. Party aphungu mtundu, kapena European - ndi chipani m'njira ya makolo, analembedwa kalekale, bungwe, ndipo chilango, kutenga ziwalo nkhani. Maphwando nawo mu kampeni chisankho kapena chipani American kalembedwe - gulu kuti polenga pa visola. Party ngati vanguard ndale za Party Communist kapena mtundu - choyimira cha zipani kuti anakhalabe lero mu Cuba, China, Korea North. Owonjezera aphungu maphwando. Iwo amakhala ndi zambiri zofanana ndi mabungwe chikhalidwe, koma ndi chibadidwe covert yolimbirana chikoka.

Ndi chikhalidwe cha ndondomeko ndi njira, zipani zidzasankhidwa kumanja, centrist ndi lamanzere phiko. Amasiyana ndi ulemu kwa chuma payekha, mawonekedwe a boma mphamvu ndi mfundo, andale Inde.

Pomenyera mphamvu, ndale n'zogwirizana blocs ndi coalitions, kulenga kucheza ndi aphungu. Mndandanda wa zipani zonse, mabungwe, amene mukugwira nawo zandale ndi anzake pomenyera mphamvu, anatsimikiza monga dongosolo phwando.