Chitaliyana Mose - Florence "kupenta pa mwala"

Mose - luso zokongoletsa mipando ndi zinthu mapulani mkati ndi kunja kwa nyumbayo mwa zinthu osiyana chikhalidwe chosiyana, kukula ndi mawonekedwe, kudziwika kwa nthawi yaitali. Pali mitundu ingapo, amatchedwa nthawi ndi malo amene anachokera. Mumadziwika Roma, Byzantine, Old French zithunzi. Florence si malo enieni chiyambi cha luso limeneli, komanso zinthu zamakono.

nkhani

Chito woyamba zithunzi ntchito miyala yachilengedwe zapakati pa zana lachisanu BC. Kukongoletsa mwala quality, durability ake, luso kukhalabe maonekedwe pachiyambi kwa nthawi yaitali nthawi zonse anthu ambiri. Best kukongoletsa makhalidwe a nkhaniyi limafotokoza zithunzi. Florence "kupenta pa mwala" - mmodzi wa magawo apamwamba a luso chonchi. njira iyi chokongoletsera anatuluka, makamaka ku Middle East kumayambiriro a m'nthawi yathu ino, koma dzina limene analandira m'malo mwa mzinda wotchuka Tuscan.

Kumapeto kwa XVI atumwi ku Florence, anapanga thanthwe kudula situdiyo zingapo, zimene ntchito ambuye anaitanidwa ku Milan. zokambirana izi zinalengedwa pansi pa mothandizidwa wotchuka Medici banja banja, amene analamulira ndiye mu Florence. Oyimira a mabanja olemera kwambiri yaitali anasonkhanitsa zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri za luso lakalekale ndi luso padziko zilonda za theka-miyala yamtengo wapatali thanthwe mbale woonda adanyamuka kwakukulukulu kwa kufunika kubwezeretsedwa ndi kukhazikitsanso zitsanzo chapadera cha ntchito luso la Greece ndi Rome.

Commesso

The luso la kulenga zojambula, mwala, anatuluka mu chopunthira cha Kubadwa Kwatsopano, mu Italy otchedwa commesso - "kuphatikiza". Kumafuna banjali makamaka yeniyeni mbali, umene zithunzi anapangidwa. Florence chithunzi anasonkhana kwa mbale woonda mwala kuti zinthu sangathe kuona pakati msoko lapansi. Pankhaniyi, mbale mwala amusankha pamaziko osati za mtundu bwino, komanso kutenga nkhani kapangidwe zachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa tsamba chuma mtengo amusankha kuti yesezera osati mtundu wobiriwira, komanso munali chitsanzo yabwino milozo chabwino, pepala kupinda, etc., koyenera kuti fano ubweya kuti lifanane malangizo "lint", etc.

Mwanjira imeneyi, pietra Dura (kutanthauza "mwala mwakhama") - dzina lina la luso limeneli, ngati intarsia - inlay nkhalango osiyana. Zogwiritsira zithunzi za maonekedwe matabwa - alinso zithunzi. Florence inlay miyala theka-mtengo wapatali wakhala nthawi zambiri yambiri ndipo durability mbwee pa nthawi zotsatira.

Ndondomeko Technology monga Art

Mwa alendo ambiri amene amabwera ku Florence, chachikulu maulendo otchuka monga zopita ku zokambirana wotchuka komwe ulimi wa Florence zithunzi. 200 € pa gulu, inu akhoza mmene anabadwa katswiri woona za luso kukongoletsa.

Pamene ntchito zimenezi mothandizidwa ndi zida ovomerezeka ndi zipangizo ntchito ndi olamulira kwa zaka za zana XVI, ndipo pamene panali zithunzi izi. Photo ambuye mosaicists pa Intaneti ntchito kukometsera makampani ambiri kuyenda ndi malipoti kuyenda la alendo padziko lonse. Pambuyo pake, mukhoza amasirira zojambula la mwala, zopangidwa ndi ambuye a m'mbuyomu, zomwe chokongoletsedwa matchalitchi ambiri ndi zokhalamo za Florence, monga wotchuka Medici m'matchalitchi.

Utoto kupenta mwala

The phale, ponena za akatswiri kulenga mwaluso wa Florence zithunzi za mtundu ndi kapangidwe zimaonetsa osati wolephera kuti zikupezeka amisiri mwambo:

1. Lapis - wolemera mithunzi ya buluu ndi nyemba woyera ndi timibulu wothwanima a golide galasi.
2. Malachite - alternating magulu a wosakhwima ndi kwambiri wobiriwira.
3. Marble - zochititsa chidwi zingwe za mithunzi osiyana a chikasu, zofiirira, ofiira ndi obiriwira.
4. miyala theka-mtengo wake; sibu, ndi yaspi, onekisi porphyry - zosiyanasiyana yaikulu milozo, zozungulira, mawonekedwe bwino ndi sawona bwinobwino utoto yosiyanasiyana ofunda ndi ozizira, wandiweyani kapena khalidwe la mokoma wochenjera.

Ndi mitundu awa ndi kutitengera lodalirika Florence zithunzi. Photos Sizingathe kusonyeza kukongola woona, chifukwa zithunzi zilipo kufala kuya, chimene chavumbuluzidwa ndi kupukuta ndi mwala, sewero kuwala pa inclusions ting'onoting'ono krustalo. Mwa ojambula zithunzi mwa ndakatulo okonda amene afikira nsonga za luso lojambula yovutayi, Pali kukhulupirira kuti pamene ntchito mu nyimbo yake dongosolo lapadera analenga mwachibadwa, amakhala akupezeka kwa wokongola wa dziko analengedwa ndi chifuniro cha Mulungu.

Kodi zikuchitika motani izo?

Kujambula kakang'ono kukongoletsa Ikani mu bokosi laling'ono kapena yaikulu kukongoletsa gulu imayamba ndi zonse makaka kukula thumbnail Utsogoleri. Big zikuchokera kwa mayiko anawagawa ziwembu yaing'ono. Chithunzi kapena kudula pamodzi mizere mu zinthu payekha, kapena kunditumiza ku mwala ntchito tracings pambuyo kufufuza mtima pa workpiece mtundu anakhumba ndi kapangidwe. Mizere amachita nawo okwanira zofunika processing mafupa.

Stone zigawo 2-3 mamilimita makulidwe - zakuthupi koyamba kwa amene anapanga Florence zithunzi. billets zida pamanja sasintha kwa zaka zambiri. The mbale TACHIMATA ndi mizere ndi clamped mu vise, ndipo gawo olondola anachekedwa ndi macheka wapadera. Iye amaona ngati uta taut anapanga nthambi za mitengo (zambiri bulauni kapena chitumbuwa) ndi woonda zitsulo waya-bowstring. Mu ndondomeko ya kudula mbale mwala zonse ntchito kwa waya mmodzi abrasive phala (mmbuyomu inali kokha chisakanizo cha madzi ndi mchenga).

Otsatidwa ndi kusintha mosamala munthu mbali chitsanzo kwa wina ndi mzake. Zotsatira zimatheka ngati msoko si kuonekera ngakhale kuwala. Kuvuta kwa gawo lino mukhoza kulingalira akuyang'ana zithunzi za, chosonyeza Mwachitsanzo, woonda mpesa ting'onoting'ono ta. The yomalizidwa zikuchokera amamangiriridwa ku gawo lapansi (mu ndondomeko yolondola - pogwiritsa ntchito matabwa resins) ndi mosamala wonyezimira.

kukongola wosatha

Peak kutchuka zithunzi Italy anafikira mu zaka XVII-XVIII. Mipando, zojambula ndi mpanda wonse chokongoletsedwa mwa njira imeneyi, chidwi ndi kukongola woyengeka ndi chosafota wa anthu ku Ulaya. Opanga Florence zithunzi anaonekera m'mayiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo ku Russia. Wamkulu mwaluso, analengedwa ndi inlays ya mwala, ankaona wotchuka Amber Malo.

Lero, kupanga "kupenta pa mwala" anagwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono ndi zipangizo zapamwamba. mbali munthu wotero kaŵirikaŵiri ndi laser ndi kompyuta womwe. Koma mu nkhani iyi, Florence zithunzi nthawi yambiri ndiponso zimafuna ndalama zambiri chokongoletsera. Creation wa ambuye ntchito mu njira miyambo Buku, ndi ofunika pa mlingo wa yoyambirira yeniyeni ya kupenta zachikhalidwe.