Mu Maxim Gorky akusewera "pansi" funso la choonadi ndi mabodza ndilo fungulo. Ntchitoyi inalembedwa mu 1902 zisanachitike zochitika zatsopano. Icho chimakhudza zowona za maganizo ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu za "bottoms" za anthu. Msilikali aliyense yemwe akumira mpaka pansi pake ali ndi nkhani yake, chokhumudwitsa komanso zam'tsogolo.
Momwe mungabisire ku moyo weniweni?
Chithunzi cha Luka mu Gorky akusewera "pansi" akuonedwa kuti ndi osamvetsetseka, olemba ena amachititsa msilikaliyo kuti asawonongeke, pamene ena amapeza zinthu zabwino. Satin, Actor, Mite, Nastya ndi anthu osasamala omwe alibe tsogolo. Zakale zinawabweretsa pansi, ndipo amakakamizika kuchoka ku moyo wosauka. Amuna onse samakhulupirira mphamvu zawo, amabisala moyo weniweni, chifukwa sawona zabwino mwa iwo. Aliyense wa iwo anali ndi nkhani yabwino kwambiri imene akufuna kukakhala.
Anthu onse okhala m'nyumbayi amasangalala kukumana ndi mlendo watsopano, amene amawabweretsera bodza la "kupulumutsa". Chithunzi cha Luka mu Gorky akusewera "pansi" ndi chithunzi cha woyendayenda wachikulire amene ali ndi zochitika zambiri pamoyo wake. Wachimweneyo akutanthauza anthu onse ngati anthu osasamala omwe amafunikira chifundo, koma ndani sangathe kudziyimira okha. Luka ndi womutonthoza, wofesa ziwonetsero, akunama, koma izi ndi bodza labwino.
Kuwala kumapeto kwa msewu
Ndi chiyani chabwino: choonadi chowawa kapena bodza lokoma? Ndi funso ili limene wolemba wa sewero "pansi" akufunsidwa. Chithunzi cha Luka chimasintha maganizo awiri, anyamata onse amamulonjera ndi chimwemwe, chifukwa woyendayenda amapereka chiyembekezo cha tsogolo losangalatsa, ndipo aliyense amamukhulupirira. Actor, iye anapereka chiyembekezo chochotsa kumwa mowa. Anna Luka akudwala kuti adziwe momwe adzakhalire wokondwa m'paradaiso. Vaska Pepl, wapaulendo akuti ku Siberia akhoza kuyamba moyo kuchokera pachiyambi. Chithunzi cha Luka mu Gorky akusewera "pansi" sichitha kutchedwa zoipa, chifukwa adapatsa chiyembekezo kwa anthu ambiri osakhudzidwa, koma sangatchedwe kuti ali wabwino.
Ndi chiyani chabwino: kukhala mosadziwa kapena kudziwa choonadi?
Aliyense amakopeka ndi woyendayenda, chifukwa mabodza ake amathandiza anthu kuti achoke ku zovuta za choonadi cha moyo, akulowetsa mu dziko la zonyenga. Chifaniziro cha Luka mu Gorky akusewera "pansi" amachititsa kuti azimayiwo azikhulupirira mwachidule. Woyendayenda yekha sakhulupirira kuti wina akhoza kusintha moyo wake, amangotengera maganizo ake a kudziyanjanitsa yekha ndi manyazi, amati, dziko lapansi lakonzedwa mwanjira imeneyo, ndipo palibe chomwe chingathekepo. Zotsatira zake, sewero "pansi" linatha mwachisoni.
Fanizo la Luka ndi losavuta, ndipo msilikali sanabweretsere chimwemwe kwa anthu onse okhala mu nyumbayi. Chiyembekezo chawo chinali mofulumira ndipo mwadzidzidzi anadula pang'ono. Phulusa linagwera m'ndende, wojambulayo adadzipachika yekha, Anna, yemwe ankafuna kuti akhalebe nthawi yaitali padziko lino lapansi, adafa ndikuzunzidwa. Dzina la Luka limasonyeza kuti iye ndi wochenjera, iye ndiye wodzala nzeru ndi choonadi, koma zowonjezera, zomwe zimapindulitsa kwa iye. Kuwonongeka kosayembekezereka kwa msilikali kumangonena za kugonjetsedwa kwake. "Bodza lachipulumutso" silinagwire ntchito, chifukwa ilo linanyozetsa anthu okha, koma silinawalere iwo. Mwa chikhulupiriro mu chinachake, mungathe kubwezeretsa choonadi chirichonse, koma kodi kumizidwa mudziko la zionetsero ndi njira yokha yochotsera vuto?