Chiwerengero cha Ireland Mbiri, mbali, zikuchokera ndi kukula

Ireland - Dziko ndi wolemera mbiri zakale. anthu Irish ndikukhulupirira ana mwachindunji Aselote, amene anaphunzira zingwe nakumba mayiko kumpoto kuyambira chiyambi cha yachiwiri Zakachikwi BC. protogosudarstva awo ofala wotanganidwa Komabe, si chilumba chonse, koma mu kufanana ndi mmene anthu kukula kwa Ireland, ndipo anawonjezera malire a chuma chake.

Pali umboni kuti Irish ali wolowa a miyambo, miyambo ndi makhalidwe chikhalidwe cha anthu Acelt. Ndipo ndi udindo umenewu, iwo kulimbana mpaka, ngakhale zaka zambiri kuthamanga ndipo ankafuna thandizo la British, iwo anatha kusunga chizindikiro chawo, wapadera, chinenero ndi kudzipereka kwa Chikatolika.

Zolinga

Zolinga za nkhaniyi - kupenda momwe kukula kwa chiwerengero cha anthu a Ireland mu kalekale chinasintha mawu kachulukidwe ndi Mkhalidwe, kuti tifufuza ndi kudalira kusintha kwake kuti njira zakale. Komanso, ndi bwino kuganizira, ndi zinthu zaziwerengero, amene panopa anati mu dziko, kuti mumakumbukira nthawi zina.

Tiyeni tione mbiri

Aselote ankaona mbadwa za Irish ano Ndipotu, si anthu mbadwa ya Ireland: anafika ku Mediterranean ndi onse anakakhala m'mayiko ena. Ndipo poyamba ankakhala pa chilumba cha anthu atulutsidwa kumeneko.

Scale kumuopseza kunja ndi masoka Ireland sanali kudziŵika mpaka m'ma akhumi kupatulapo anawazunza osowa Viking. Koma posakhalitsa m'gawo lake chidwi ya English akufunika m'mayiko ena. Ati ndi kugunda onse awiriwa chikumenyana mitundu zaka sizimatanthauza. Mu 1801 England anapambana, ndipo potsiriza anatenga ulamuliro wa dziko Irish mwa kuwaika ufumu British. Zotsatira za chochitika chisoni pakati pa zaka za m'ma 19 chifukwa kulephera kwa mbewu ndi, monga chotsatira, njala, misa emigration, Katolika, ndi kuzunza kwake Akatolika, pafupifupi atatu alionse anafa kapena kuphedwa.

Komanso, makhalidwe British zinachititsa kuti Kupititsa nsoka wa chisumbucho: mu 1919 gawo wakumpoto wa Ulster kumene Achiprotestanti amachuluka, anazindikira kuti UK. A anthu Catholic kumanzere Ireland kukhala unkalamuliridwa wolekana ndi dzina lakale likulu ndi mu mzinda wa Dublin. Mwachibadwa, mugawo ili umaonekera chiwerengero, monga anataika Northern Ireland. Population (chiwerengero cha zimene anali chifukwa cha mlingo waukulu wa chitukuko cha gawo), izo walandira nzika British.

Mphamvu ya chiwerengero cha Ireland kuyambira 1801

Chitani mwachindunji kwa ziwerengero ndi zithunzi. Amadziwika kuti chiwerengero pazipita anthu chinalembedwa mu zaka yolowera Ireland ndi ufumu British anali pafupifupi miliyoni 8.2. Monga Patatha zaka, izo kakusintha chikucheperachepera ndi wotsatira mavuto mpaka zaka zao za sikisite zaka mazana makumi awiri.

Mu kanjedza ndi motere:. 1850 - 6.7 miliyoni; 1910 - 4.4 miliyoni. 1960 - miliyoni 2.81 (osachepera). 1980 -. 3.5 miliyoni mu 2000s ndi chinali kuchuluka kwa anthu achangu, pamodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kukula achilengedwe, ndi m'dziko khola. Choncho, khumi zoyambirira za m'ma 21, chiwerengero cha anthu kuchuluka kwa 3.8 kuti 4.5 miliyoni. Man. anthu Current chaka chino 4 706 000. akatswiri anaona kuti tsiku chithunzi ukuwonjezeka anthu 40 kuganizira kusamuka ndipo anafa. A m'mayiko onse European, Ireland chili ndi apamwamba mlingo kubadwa.

Msinkhu ndi jenda makhalidwe

Pa kalembera chatha, anthu a dzikoli April 2016 ndipo ali zokhudza kapangidwe mkati mwa anthu. Chiwerengero otsatirawa masamu:

• Choyamba, kunapezeka kuti pali manambala pafupifupi wofanana amuna ndi akazi, wochuluka kuposa woyambawo kwenikweni 5000.
• Chachiwiri, panopa ngati lero anachokera zaka chiŵerengero: zaka 0 kwa 15 anali pafupi 993 000 anthu, kuyambira zaka 16 mpaka zaka zopuma pantchito (zaka 65) anawerengedwa miliyoni 3.2 anthu, ndipo anthu zaka zoposa 66 anali 544 okha zikwi. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti anthu a amuna ndi akazi mu gulu lirilonse zaka manambala pafupifupi wofanana. Ndi kugonana ofooka Ireland kukhalamo avareji zaka 3 yaitali amphamvu (zaka 82 ndi zaka 78 motero). Ndi mkulu moyo amayembekezeka chifukwa ndalama ndithu boma thanzi.

Tsankho zikuchokera, chinenero Chinthu

Pa kale anthu kalembera atsimikiza, anthu palibe mitundu padziko chilumba. M'pake kuti ambiri mwa nzika - achi Irish (88% ya iwo). Chachiwiri mu kusanja ndi British (3%). Mwa njira, chikoka British Sichinatsitsidwe zitatha zaka zapitazi, ndi Ireland adakali pansi kuthamanga muzochitika zones za moyo. Zimenezi n'zomveka, chifukwa chachikulu zapitazi mbiri ya England ndi zokhumba zake amadziwika onse. Ndipo anthu ambiri a UK ndi Northern Ireland, kakhumi Irish (miliyoni 64,7.), Kotero kuti kuloŵerera inachokera ku apoyera.

Pali mu dziko ndi kunja kwa Palestina kwambiri anthu ochokera m'mayiko EU: Germany, Poland, Latvians, Lithuanians ndi Romanians. A zambiri za mtundu Chinese nzika, ochokera Russia, Ukraine, Nigeria, ndi Philippines. Ambiri, mitundu yonse, kuwonjezera Irish ndi English, amaonedwa zazing'ono ndi limodzi chifukwa cha 9% ya chonse cha anthu.

Ngakhale ulamuliro wa dziko, mtundu Irish, nthumwi si aliyense ali ndi chilankhulo chake. Tsopano ndi ntchito yambiri pa kugawa ake, ndi State Irish mwapatsidwa udindo pamodzi ndi English. Komabe, yotsirizira akadali ambiri pachilumbachi.

Nkhani achipembedzo

Poyamba, Aselote ankachita Chikatolika. Komabe, Katolika, kuthamangitsa mishoni kufalitsa Chiprotestanti zakhudza iwo. N'chifukwa chake panali kugawanika mu Northern Ireland anthu Chiprotestanti ndi kum'mwera kwa chigawo cha Chikatolika chikulimbikitsa (kumeneko tsopano ali pafupi 91% ya anthu). Komabe pakali pano agona kukula kwa chiwerengero cha mabanja Chiprotestanti Ireland, kuchititsa nkhawa boma.

zizindikiro zina

M'pofunika kuthandauza china zaziwerengero umene opambana Ireland - anthu kachulukidwe. Chifukwa chakuti chakum'mawa kwa dziko zochepa katswiri ndipo anayamba kuposa mayiko kumpoto, anthu ali omangidwa populata m'dera pachilumbachi. Koma pafupifupi anthu kachulukidwe ndi za 66-67 anthu pa kilometre lalikulu. Dziwani kuti m'mizinda ikuluikulu (Dublin, Nkhata Bay, Mchinji) ndi zina zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mu Dublin, pa kilometre limodzi lalikulu ndi anaikira kwa anthu 4000.

Irish kulemba lonse (za 97%), ndipo achinyamata amafuna kupeza maphunziro apamwamba (75% ya chiwerengero cha achinyamata - ophunzira).

Nthawi zambiri, anthu Ireland bwinobwino kukula chaka chilichonse, ndipo anapanga chiwerengero mwachilungamo yabwino ya dziko, pamene mlingo kubadwa kuposa mlingo imfa. Ziwerengero Mapa kokha bwino: amaganiza kuti pambuyo zaka zana, anthu ndidzadutsa chilemba cha miliyoni 6, ndi moyo amayembekezeka zaka pafupifupi 90.