Reserve propensity kupulumutsa: tanthauzo chilinganizo. Cash ndalama alionse

Munthu aliyense amatenga chinachake. Monga ulamuliro, lero ndalama. Mu anthu umatchedwa "kupulumutsa kwa tsiku mvula." Sitingathe kusunga ndalama kunyumba pansi matiresi, ndipo ndikhoza kuziyika izo pa gawo kubanki. Mulimonsemo, ngati malipiro amalola, ena a iwo sakufuna kucheza. Akuti uwu umatchedwa "mmphepete propensity kupulumutsa." Kwa nthawi yoyamba isledoval ntchito zake JM. Keynes. Tidzayensa muganize momwe chibwenzi mawu a mavuto kudzatithandiza kuzilingalira.

kudalira maganizo

Tiyeni digress pang'ono chiphunzitso ndi kuganizira chifukwa chake munthu amakonda kusunga. Kuti athe kusonkhanitsa chinachake, ayenera kukhala otsatirawa zinthu ziwiri: woyamba - zosowa zofunika ndi kukhuta, wachiwiri - mtengo wa ndalama limakupatsani kusiya kaye wina kuchuluka.

Mfundo monga katundu ndi ndalama, ndi pafupi. Iwo sanena chinthu chomwecho, koma isledovanie propensity kwa kudzikundikira ayenera kumvetsa kuti kwambiri kwambiri amadalira mzake.

Back mu zaka za m'ma 20, pa chiyambi cha chiphunzitso zachuma, panali kufunika kufufuza ubale katundu ndi ndalama. Munthu woyamba amene anagwira chifukwa anali, ndithudi, Keynes. chiphunzitso umatchedwa "achikhazikitso malamulo maganizo". Ndipo ndicho chimene iye anena.

Choyamba, ndalama ya anthu amadalira ndalama. A kuchuluka zina, kunena 5% ya ndalama, munthu amatha kusiya kaye m'tsogolo. Ngati ukuwonjezeka ndalama, kuchuluka izi zimasiyana insignificantly. Zingaoneke chododometsa. Koma apa amalowa gulu maganizo anthu. Tikamadziwa ndi pamene Tikamachita zambiri. Ndipo ndalama Singatisiye ndalama kenanso. Ndipo ngati kukula kwa ukuwonjezeka mowa mogwirizana ndi ndalama, kukula ndalama imakwawa kwambiri, pang'onopang'ono.

umboni

Molimba kuti mowa Chimakula auka ndalama, pali umboni lophweka. Mwachitsanzo, banja ndi ndalama rubles 6,000. 2% ya kuchuluka iwo mtsukowo, ndi zina ndalama amapita ndalama zosiyanasiyana. Kodi mungakwanitse ndi ndalama? Kulipira ngongole zofunikira, kugula akonzedwa osachepera mankhwala, mwina, chirichonse.

ndalama banja anayamba adzauka. Kale chopereka okwana ndi 10 000 rubles. Tsopano inu mukhoza kugula nyama zambiri, pitani mafilimu kamodzi ndipo kukwanitsa kugula zovala zatsopano. Koma kuchuluka unayikidwa pa ndalama akanakhalabe chimodzimodzi. Chifukwa poyambirira munthu zosowa zawo, komanso ndiye yekha ndikuganiza za mtengo wa ndalama.

Zinthu zokhudza kusintha kwa mowa ndi ndalama

Kuwonjezera kapena kuchepa mu katundu ndi ndalama kumadalira osati kokha kukula malipiro. Mu malo zachuma, pali zambiri zizindikiro zina kuti mwanjira ina yake adzakhala kusintha luso ogula a. Cha zinthu izi, komanso zimadalira propensity m'mphepete kusunga.

1. Kufufuma. Kutuluka kufufuma zambiri apamwamba kuposa indexation malipilo. Monga ulamuliro, mitengo mkuuka pa mwezi, pamene ndalama banja mkuuka ambiri kamodzi pa chaka. Choncho, ogula amataya ndalama zambiri pa kugula, pamene mtengo ndalama ndi sipatsalanso.
2. Tax ukuwonjezeka. amachotsera kuwonjezeka kumabweretsa kuchepetsa njila ndalama zonse, ndi chizolowezi kudziunjikira mu chitsime.
3. Kukwera kwa mitengo. Chinthu Izi kwambiri bwanji mabanja amene ndalama otsika. Anthu amene amalandira malipilo apamwamba, kudzakhala padera kwambiri.
4. Kukula kwa ndalama za inshuwalansi chikhalidwe. Izi ndi chidwi kwambiri chinthu. Nthawi zambiri, ndi propensity kupulumutsa kumachitika pamene munthu akuona gawo osatetezeka ya boma. ndalama zimenezo mu nkhani ya matenda, imfa ya mwadzidzidzi, ndi zina zotero. N. Ngati zonse izi adzapereka thumba inshuwalansi kufunika ndalama munthu kutha. Choncho, ndi kuwonjezeka kuchuluka azimayi zosowa chikhalidwe propensity kupulumutsa amachepetsa.
5. maganizo Growth pa msika. Ichi mwangwiro ndi malonda china. Kawirikawiri, pali chisangalalo mu mankhwala pa nthawi ya yatsoka mwadzidzidzi miliri, mliri ndi zina zotero. N. ndi kuwonjezeka ndalama mowa ndi kuchepetsedwa.
6. kukula Revenue. Monga taonera kale, ndi kuchuluka kwa mowa chuma ndi kupulumutsa amamuchititsa kuonjezera.

chiphunzitso

Mu malo chuma kuzindikira ndalama wobadwa wakumvera wina kuchuluka kwa ndalama mtsogolo kwa ndalama za mtsogolo ndiponso kudyedwa pa mphindi. Propensity kupulumutsa angakhale pafupifupi ndi mmphepete.

The propensity pafupifupi kupulumutsa mapulogalamu kuchuluka kwa ndalama okwana anthu wokonzeka kusiya kaye m'tsogolo, ndipo anasonyeza pamene chilinganizo ndi:

APS = S / Y, kumene S - gawo izo amapulumutsa, ndipo Y - anafotokoza za ndalama okwana.

Reserve propensity kupulumutsa (chilinganizo) chimasonyeza kusintha ndalama m'madera ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama. Mu mawu ena, ndikhoza kukuuzani inu momwe kusintha chilakolako anthu kapena kusunga ndalama zawo Adawachita ngati chiwerengero cha kusintha ndalama:

Aphungu = δS / δY.

Ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama yafupika ndalama. The Ndalama za index ili pa mlingo dziko ndi chilakolako ndalama, choncho ndi mwayi aganyali ulimi weniweni. Ndipo izi ndi ndalama kuti nawonso, zimakhudza ubwino onse a dziko.

Sankhani propensity kupulumutsa

Mtengo wa propensity m'mphepete kupulumutsa, monga taonera, amadalira kwambiri mowa. The Zithunzi zikusonyeza kudalira a index kwenikweni kwa mzake. Taganizirani kujambula.

kukhazikitsa The akuti ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama, ndi pa olamulira yopingasa - kukula kwa ndalama. Ngati, chiphunzitso, onse anakhala kuchuluka ofanana ndalama, ubwenzi idzakhala yabwino mzere pa makona a ° 45. mzere ndi mzere AB. Koma izi sizichitika mu moyo weniweniwo.

Direct asayansi propensity kuwapulumutsa amaimira mu chithunzi ndi mzere buluu, ndipo nthawi anapanduka kunsi. Ikani mphambano za - iyi ndiyo nthawi ya ndalama ziro. Zikutanthauza kuti mabanja onse kulandira ndalama timathera zosowa zawo. Pansi pa iyi ngongole mphambano likutuluka, ndi apamwamba - ndalama. Monga mukuonera, ndi apamwamba a ndalama zazikulu propensity m'mphepete kusunga.

Kudalira ndalama za zaka

M'kupita kwa miyoyo yathu ife ndalama wogawana. Mu nthawi chimodzi cha moyo wawo sikokwanira, mu zina pali surpluses. Vuto limeneli akhoza ankaimira momveka.

Tiyeni olamulira ofukula ndi ndalama, ndi yopingasa - zaka. The pamapindikira limasonyeza kuti ndalama munthu kuonjezera msinkhu, pamene pali pafupifupi palibe unyamata wake. Ndipo zimenezi n'zoona.

Mpaka Munthu akaphunzira ndi pa siteji ya kusaka ntchito yake, revenues ake ang'ono. Ambiri yaikulu pa maphunziro kapena zosowa munthu. Pamene ukukula ndi kuyamba banja, iye akuyamba kuonjezera ndalama, koma monga ulamuliro, kale kusintha ndalama khola ndipo zitavuta kuzengereza osachepera osati wambirimbiri ndalama zambiri (galimoto, maphunziro ana). malipiro ake apamwamba munthu alandira wamkulu, ndiyeno iye akuyamba kuganizira pantchito ya kuchedwa ena ndalama zawo. Iwo anali pa nthawi ino, propensity mmphepete zopulumutsa pa pazipita yake, ndiyeno kachiwiri kuchepa mphamvu.

Kodi wina umakhudza mlingo wa ndalama

Pali zinthu zina zimene zosagwirizana ndi ndalama zomwe kunyamula amadza ndithu luso lopangira ndalama m'tsogolo.

Woyamba chinthu - kudikira. Ngati pali mavuto vuto, ndi munthu akuyembekezera m'dziko limene posachedwapa kuwuka ndi mitengo kuonjezera chindapusa misonkhano, kudzakhala kotheka M'sitolo tsopano, pa mitengo m'munsi. Kuopa maalumali kanthu ndi yaikulu ndalama mphamvu anthu amawononga ndalama zonse pano. Koma zimenezi n'zosiyana, pamene tsogolo chikuyembekezeka mitengo kuchepetsa, kapena msinkhu wawo zikutsatiridwa, anthu adzapulumutsa kuposa mumathera.

Chinthu chachiwiri - ogula ngongole. Tikukhala mu dziko ngongole. Ndipo tsopano pali chizolowezi chotero kuti ndalama zonse za anthu chabe kuwasandutsa malipiro kwa mankhwala kapena utumiki nthawi m'tsogolo. Mlingo malipiro pafupifupi sikokwanira kuchita chilichonse kusiya kaye kugula lalikulu. Zimakhala zaka 10 kusunga ndalama galimoto, koma inu mukhoza kutenga izo pa ngongole, kenako zaka 10 kulipira izo. Choncho, cholinga chathu ndi luso kudziunjikira chinachake akukhala chida champhamvu cha chuma - ulemerero.

Propensity kusunga ku macroeconomics

Lingaliro la ndalama n'kofunika kwambiri osati kwa mabanja munthu, komanso dziko lonse. Mmphepete propensity kupulumutsa mapulogalamu ngati anthu mkati boma samalani chitukuko ndi kupanga kukula. Zingatanthauze kuti mukhoza muganize basi?

Ndipotu apamwamba phindu, ndalamazo ufulu pali m'manja mwa anthu ndi mabungwe alamulo, kutanthauza kuti ali ndalama angathe. Ndalama - ndalama ndalama mu dera kupanga, ndipo nthawi yomweyo chida champhamvu zimakhudza chitukuko cha dziko. The ndalama zambiri padera mu luso, zamakono luso, ndi zina zotero. E., The amadwala bwino chuma.

Pomaliza

Propensity kupulumutsa - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri chuma, sipangakhalenso anaphunzira osati pa mlingo munthu banja, komanso dziko lonse. The apamwamba zigoli bwino miyoyo ya anthu.