Chiyukireniya yopeta malaya amuna, akazi, ndi ana. Chiyukireniya zovala national

Fuko lirilonse anatchuka chifukwa miyambo yache. Koma mwina kanthu amapereka mbali ya mtima wa uno kapena kuti dera, monga kavalidwe anthu.

No chovala zina si kugwirizana ndi Ukraine, monga malaya miyambo yopeta. The luso la zovala ndi zodzikongoletsera zosiyanasiyana wokwatibwa ndi anthu ambiri koma Chiyukireniya nsalu zokongoletsa - si wokongola monga moyo, koma dongosolo lonse la zizindikiro ndi zilembo kuti ali ndi tanthauzo lapadera Ukrainians.

Mbiri ya nsalu

Mwambo wa zokongoletsa nsalu zovala zosiyanasiyana pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya dziko. Choncho, mu masiku a Greece wakale, Asikuti anapangidwa kutsatira chitsanzo chapadera pa malaya monga asilikali ndi nzika wamba.

Pa m'dera la Ukraine, Cherkassy dera, ofukula zojambula, chojambulidwa cha 6 m'ma BC. e. kumene anthu amasonyeza malaya yopeta. Komabe, mu mbiri yaitali ya zaka Izi zisanachitike limanena kuti ngakhale anthu m'dera la Ukraine ano ankavala zovala wapadera ndi chitsanzo nsalu. Koma, kalanga, bwino anasunga toyesa vyshivanok Kale, amene tsopano Tingaone mu zakale.

Luso embroider kwambiri kukhala nawo, ndi ambuye vyshivanok ndimachita amalemekezedwa kwambiri. Yopeta mtsikana, mkazi ndi agogo amene adadutsa pa kudziwa kuti ana ndi adzukulu awo.

Chokongoletsedwa ndi nsalu ngati tsiku ndi tsiku, choncho mwambo zovala, malaya, madiresi, mipango, matawulo. Komanso - zovala ornamented anali mu m'nyumba iliyonse. Ndi "obiriwira" ndipo zofunikila zojambula, ndi Hostess yabwino ankaona wogwira ntchito luso.

chitsanzo chapadera, amene yosiyana malinga ndi dera la dziko, anafunika kuteteza anthu ku mizimu yoipa ndi kubweretsa matenda, chimwemwe ndi zabwino zonse. Mwachitsanzo, ana akangobadwa kwenikweni anapereka nsalu, kuteteza ku diso zoipa.

zokongoletsera miyambo

miyambo Chiyukireniya dongosolo onse m'magulu 3: zojambula, zomera ndi nyama. Ndipo ngakhale kuti dera lililonse anali ndi makhalidwe yake nsalu, ena anali ofanana pa anthu onse.

zizindikiro zojambula ochokera ku chikunja ndipo sizachilendo kwa anthu onse Asilavo. Choncho, nsalu ndi mtanda bwalo - chizindikiro cha kuyeretsa dziko kwa dzuwa zoipa, diamondi - wamkazi chizindikiro kumabweretsa zabwino zonse ndi chitukuko, mizere yopingasa - izi ndi zizindikiro za dziko lapansi ndi kubereka, ndi wavy - madzi ndi nyonga.

mapangidwe zamaluwa nsalu zolinga zosiyana. thundu masamba - mphamvu, mphesa - kwa umoyo, viburnum unali chizindikiro cha kukongola. Only chikhalidwe angapereke zabwino zonse, choncho adzalemekezedwa ndi otchulidwa minofu kuti azithandiza ndipo akhoza kubweretsa zinthu zabwino zokha mu moyo wanu. malaya Chiyukireniya akazi nthawi zambiri anali chokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa, masamba ndi zipatso.

Images wa nyama akuteteza anthu ku mphamvu zoipa. Mbalame makamaka anasonyeza uthenga wabwino ndi zochitika zimene zikuchitika kapena chidzachitika mu miyoyo ya anthu.

Mitundu ndi stitches nsalu

Malinga ndi malipoti ena, njira nsalu anali zingapo. Koma pa nthawi, Chiyukireniya zovala dziko anamukwiyira mwamwambo chokongoletsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo: mtanda ulusi, theka mtanda, "kutsogolo singano" ndi yosalala pamwamba. Aliyense zimfundo wakhala yodziwika kwa nyimbo zosiyana ndi zigawo munthu wa dziko.

Zinali zofunika yaikulu, ndipo mtundu wa ulusi, yemwe chokongoletsedwa ndi Chiyukireniya malaya yopeta. Red - chikondi ndi chitetezo, buluu - moyo ndi thambo, wobiriwira - moyo wakuda - imfa. Malinga zosiyanasiyana ndi zipangizo nsalu m'maderawa, stitches, ndi mtundu anawonjezera kuti: achikasu, golide, zofiirira. Koma wofiira chikhalidwe ndi wakuda ndi pafupifupi nthawi zonse kupezeka pa zinthu yopeta.

Embroideries chakum'mawa

Dongosolo zimasiyana yekha m'madera osiyanasiyana, komanso m'midzi yoyandikana nayo. Nthawi zambiri, miyambo anaika mbiri m'maderawa, maganizo ake ndi maganizo.

Choncho, m'dera Carpathian (Transcarpathia, Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk ndi Chernivtsi) yodziwika monga wandiweyani, ndi "kuwala" zithunzi.

Mu Lviv anaganiza embroider dongosolo yaing'ono wakuda ulusi kuti unali kuoneka maziko. Apa ntchito pamodzi, ndipo amajambulapo maluwa okongola zojambula ndi zamaluwa.

Pang'ono lolemererapo ndi owala kukongoletsa zovala dziko mu dera Chernivtsi: maluwa lalikulu nsalu bafuta ulusi kapena kuwoloka wakuda, burgundy ndi ngakhale ulusi golide

Mu Transcarpathian ndi Ivano-Frankivsk dera analandira "kuphimba" ndi geometrical nsalu chitsanzo ndi ntchito uthunthu wonse wa mitundu mitundu.

Mu Polessye (Volynskaya, ndi Rovenskaya Zhytomyr dera) nsalu amasiyana zina Masamu yeniyeni ndi chitsanzo mobwerezabwereza.

Pakuti Volyn ndi Rivne zigawo yodziwika ndi ulusi woyera nsalu. Apa dongosolo pa diresi ya fuko ndi yaing'ono ndiponso mwatsatanetsatane.

M'dera Zhytomyr Chiyukireniya nsalu chokongoletsedwa ndi zambiri ndi zamaluwa amajambulapo maluwa okongola: maluwa ndi masamba masamba zosamvetsetseka. Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito wakuda ofiira ndi obiriwira mitundu.

Zigawo masiketi (Ternopil, Khmelnytsky ndi Vinnitsa) anadutsa nsalu ndiponso mbiri yake zovuta za gawolo. M'matauni a m'deralo ndi m'midzi kawirikawiri kunayambika nkhondo ndi kupha adani.

Mwachitsanzo, Ternopil ndi Khmelnytsky zovala dziko chokongoletsedwa ndi nsalu ya mdima filaments katundu wandiweyani. Chogwidwa ndi wakuda ndi okhwima mizere zojambula.

The mitundu chachikulu cha malaya yopeta Vinnitsa dera - wakuda ndi wofiira, koma chitsanzo pano ndi pang'ono bwino ndi bwino.

Chapakati ndi chakumpoto Ukraine

Chapakati Region (Chernihiv, Kyiv, Cherkasy ndi Kirovohrad dera) - ndi zobiriwira ndi mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo, makamaka wofiira ndi wakuda mitundu. Pano mukhoza kukumana zambiri amajambulapo maluwa okongola zamaluwa, amene intricately zapiringizana.

Mu Kiev, amajambulapo maluwa okongola Cherkassy ndi Kirovograd m'madera zamaluwa kupanga osonyeza zambiri zikuchokera. Magulu a mphesa ndi masharubu ndi, anakweranso (a chizindikiro cha achinyamata) - onse ulusi wofiira ndi wakuda.

Koma malaya Chernigov angayenerere kuonedwa kwambiri "chuma" mu Ukraine. Anatinso chitsanzo lonse anali ochepa ndipo mwatsatanetsatane. antchito aluso ankagwira ntchito malaya izi kwa nthawi yaitali, kuyesera kugwila lililonse khalidwe, ndi aganyali iwo mu mtima wake ndi moyo.

Traditional Poltava ndi Sumy zigawo ankaona beaded nsalu zoyera ndi wakuda ulusi chitsanzo yaing'ono. Malire a nyimbo anali olekanitsidwa chabwino wakuda ulusi.

zovala National kum'mawa

Kharkov amisiri ntchito makamaka mwambo chapakati Ukraine. Apa palinso amajambulapo maluwa okongola zamaluwa anapanga ndithu ulusi akhakula, Choncho analandira volumetric fano. Komanso, kuwonjezera wakuda ndi woyera, ndipo ntchito wofiira.

Mu Lugansk ndi Donetsk m'madera kwambiri, ofanana dongosolo ndi zigawo chapakati: dongosolo ochepa ndi zojambula komanso mapangidwe zamaluwa. Koma apa, mosiyana ndi madera ena ambiri, namgwira kwambiri buluu.

mitundu waukulu wa Dnepropetrovsk ndi Zaporozhye zigawo - ofiira ndi wakuda. Nawa wamba dongosolo zomveka bwino kwambiri, nthawi zambiri chokongoletsedwa ndi makolala ndi manja.

Embroideries kum'mwera m'mphepete

Mu Odessa, Mykolayiv ndi Kherson zigawo ali kale mwakhala osati yokongola, komanso njira yapadera ya malaya.

Choncho, dera Mykolaiv anali makolala wapadera ndi neckline lalikulu ndi malaya si anasonkhana pa dzanja la. Chogwidwa ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola zamaluwa, wofiira, wakuda ndi mitundu buluu.

M'dera Odessa Chiyukireniya nsalu kupita ndi manja ndi pa kolala. Pachikhalidwe chogwidwa ndi zojambula ndi zamaluwa chokongoletsera, amene anali ntchito pansi manja ndi m'mphepete mwa awo nsalu Mzere woonda. mitundu yaikulu - wofiira, buluu, wakuda ndi wachikasu.

Chiyukireniya malaya yopeta mu dera Kherson chokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi za zomera zosiyanasiyana, nsalu yofiira ndi wakuda.

Akazi ndi nsalu anthu

Atsikana nsalu zovala okha komanso owayimirira osankhidwa, ndi ana. Ngati mbuye wa nyumba - panyumba, ndiyeno anagona pansi pa mapewa ake udindo wa kuteteza okondedwa kwa mphamvu zoipa, kuwapatsa chikondi wanga wonse. Choncho, nsalu mu miniti iliyonse free, nthawi zonse ndipo kulikonse.

malaya Chiyukireniya akazi nthawi zambiri chokongoletsedwa ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola zamaluwa. Osiyana ndi mtundu chitsanzo: buluu kapena woyera, ndi woyamba - akazi achikulire. Koma nsalu yoyera woyera - kuti shati, amene anali kukhala kwa atsikana onse. Chiyukireniya yopeta kavalidwe chokongoletsedwa chimodzimodzi monga malaya, koma kujambula mzere payokha anapangidwa kuchokera pansi lamadzi.

Pakuti anthu mwamwambo ankaona shati yoyera ndi chitsanzo mwatsatanetsatane. N'zosadabwitsa: Choyamba, chitsanzo anali kuteteza munthu ku nkhondo, ndipo kachiwiri, zimangosonyeza kuti mkazi wake - mkazi wapakhomo wabwino. Kuwonjezera pa wakuda ndi mitundu kufiira, ndi nsalu dongosolo buluu ndi wofiira - njira yokha pamene nsalu mwamuna akhoza kukhala buluu.

Atsikana nsalu ndi tsiku lililonse ndipo zovala chikondwerero anthu, malaya ana madiresi, mipango, Ukwati mathawulo, m'madera ena - ngakhale lamba.

Webusayiti pafupifupi nthawi zonse anatenga woyera. Modern malaya wakuda - amene ali chotheka ndithu chodabwitsa, iwo kupeta, ngakhale pa nkhondo. mkanjo ayenera kukhala loyera kapena imvi, mwangwiro oyera ndi wawo.

Modern Chiyukireniya nsalu

Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 19 mochedwa anayamba kuvala malaya ndi zovala tsiku ndi tsiku ku Ulaya. Pa nthawi imeneyo, tinayamba kuvala monga a anzeru Chiyukireniya, pofuna kutsindika wachokera awo kwa fuko.

Komanso anasintha maganizo kuti nsalu ambiri kuti luso la. Anthu ambiri achinyamata amakonda kugula malaya, nsalu pa makina wapadera.

Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, zakale ambiri ataphedwa, zomwe zimasunga wakale Chiyukireniya zovala wowerengeka. Chotero lerolino, kukumana ndi chidina mbiri m'malo ovuta.

Chifukwa kufunika kwambiri zovala ngati Ukraine masiku ano Nthawi zambiri "cholakwika" nsalu. Kawirikawiri, malaya angapezeke kulibeko kapena inopportune chitsanzo, mwachitsanzo ngati amene kale embroider pa mipango ukwati kapena mathawulo. Nthawi zambiri kusankha kugonana osayenera kapena zaka, mtundu, kukongoletsa malaya ana chizindikiro cha kubereka. Kukhoza mwambo anasunga pokhapokha amisiri amene luso zonse zapita ku mibadwomibadwo.

A mfundo zingapo zokhudza malaya yopeta

• Pantchito zojambula zotsala ku miyambo yachikunja, ndi zomera ndi nyama inatulutsidwa mochedwa kwambiri.
• Malinga ndi nthano, Chumak kukhulupirira kusamba malaya ake okha wake wokondedwa - chizindikiro cha kukhulupirika ndi chikondi chopanda malire. Komanso, iye anali wakuti yekha kusamba nsalu mwamuna wake.
• Akuti ambiri zachilendo mzinda nsalu Borsa (Ternopil dera). Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti malowa kawirikawiri anaukira ndi Chitata, talandidwa ndi kupha anthu. Malinga ndi nthano, pa chimodzi cha kuwombera, iwo anapha pafupifupi amuna onse a mumzinda, ndiye kuti zaka zambiri akazi nsalu wakuda dongosolo yekha wandiweyani - monga chizindikiro ndi chisoni kwa akufa.
• Nthawi zambiri, pamene munthu sadziwa zomwe atsikana kusankha mkazi wake, ndiye Ndinadziwana ake "zovala": iyenso nsalu zovala, ndi bwino tsiku ndi tsiku, choncho - ndi bwenzi langwiro.
• Phunzirani embroider anayamba kuyambira zaka 6, ndipo posakhalitsa anakakamizika kusoka nokha malaya chimodzi. nsalu anthu linakonzedwa pamaso pa ukwati ndipo ntchito ngati chopukutira ukwati.