Mykolaiv dera. Mykolayiv dera Mykolayiv dera. Mykolaiv dera, Ukraine

Mykolaiv m'dera la Ukraine ndi pakati mu mzinda wa Nikolaev monga ankapoperamo utsogoleri anaonekera mu chaka cha 1937. Pakali pano, liri ndi malo a m'dera 24 598 sq. Km, limene pali zigawo 19, midzi 822, 17 m'tauni-mtundu midzi, 9 m'mizinda ikuluikulu. Mykolayiv dera kumene kuli anthu oposa miliyoni.

M'mbuyomu mbiri

Malemu Paleolithic - nthawi pamene woyamba asezare dziko la kumpoto Black Sea Asukuti ndi madera Greek, Sarmatians. Mu 1415, Lithuanians kuno anayambitsa linga Ochakov.

Kuyambira 1526 Turkey anagonjetsa kum'mwera Ukraine, dera pakati pa mitsinje Dniester ndi Kumwera Bug. Iwo amachitcha Yedisan ake. Izo zinakhala m'dera lino la Ottoman mpaka 1774. Nkhondo Chirasha Turkey Yedisan gawo akudutsa mu malo a Russia ndi zaka 18 pambuyo pake, pansi mgwirizano wa chiyanjanitso, Turkey kuletsa ku gawo Russian kumadzulo kwa mtsinje Kumwera Bug.

Nikolaev m'munsi imagwera pa July 1788. Popeza m'dera anawoloka nthawi m'madera ku malo a wina. Pamene ankhondowo German, dziko ili ndi mbali ya chigawo Kherson. Kuyambira 1922 Nikolaev dziko kukhala Odessa dera. 1937 m'pamene kuyenerera boma m'dziko utsogoleri udindo unit. Zikuoneka Mykolaiv dera. Nkhondo yachiwiri itatha (mu 1944) kuti anali atathana dzina utsogoleri kwa m'deralo.

m'dera chuma

A kotentha chokhala ndi nyengo, nthaka wakuda, kuchuluka kwa mitsinje amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha ulimi. mahekitala oposa 2 miliyoni m'dziko Mykolayiv ndi nthaka yazaulimi, kuphatikizapo olimapo zatenga malo mahekitala 1.7 miliyoni.

Kukula kuno makamaka dzinthu, Beet shuga, mpendadzuwa, masamba ndi vwende zomera. Komanso, Limani minda, mphesa, anabzala mbewu forage. Kupanga kuswana ng'ombe.

Kuchuluka kwa mitsinje, m'mayiwewa, matupi madzi ndi choyambilira mapangidwe gawo nsomba, ndi kupeza nyanja limathandiza kuti chitukuko cha zokopa alendo, shipbuilding. Gawo lotsiriza ukufanizidwa ndi mabungwe atatu aakulu shipbuilding: "The Black Sea doko la zombo zapanyanja", "doko la zombo zapanyanja dzina lake. 61 Communards "," Damen Shilyards Ocean ".

Zoposa 60 mabizinezi mafakitale ili m'mayiko Nikolaev (zomangamanga, si akakhala zitsulo, chakudya, makampani kuunika). Mykolaiv dera amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu wonse chuma cha Ukraine (3.6% ndi gawo la malonda yachilendo m'maderawa zolowa za dziko).

Chuma wachibadwa wa dziko la Nicholas

M'kupita kwa nthawi, malire inakhazikitsidwa 5 Nikolaev chigawo: kum'mawa - kuchokera Dnipropetrovsk ndi Kherson dera, m'mphepete mwa dziko Odessa, ndi kum'mwera kusamba Nyanja Black kumpoto ndi dera Kirovohrad, kumadzulo. Nikolaev chuma adani ndi zone steppe, koma ambiri a dziko ili pa Black Sea m'zigwa.

dera Map Mykolayiv ali lili ndi 85 mitsinje, ambiri mwa - atayanika mmwamba. Akuti waukulu Kumwera Bug, Ingul, Ingulets. Chifukwa cha mitsinje ndi nyanja pano anapanga 4 osaya Bay (estuary): Dnepr-Bug, Tiligulskiy, Bug, Berezan. Komanso 13 000 mahekitala m'gawo ali wotanganidwa ndi Nicholas amatunga, Madamu ndi matupi zina madzi.

gawo wolemera ndi nkhalango. Pa 70 mahekitala yokutidwa woodland chogwidwa thundu, paini, popula, mthethe. North a m'dera wolemera alipidwa wakuda nthaka ndi kum'mwera wodzazidwa ndi mgoza ndi mdima dothi mgoza.

Komanso, dera wolemera chuma mchere: nyumbayi, kumaliza mwala, lubwe, mchenga, miyala, kaolin wa, simenti ndi dongo-tiled zopangira.

Madera a dera Mykolayiv: Arbuzinsky ndi Ascension

Administrative mzinda Mykolayiv dera Nikolaev ndi. Area lagawidwa madera 19.

• Arbuzinsky. Malo uposa chikwi makilomita lalikulu. Am'derali kumatsika mtsinje 3: Kumwera Bug, Arbuzynka, Mertvovod. Pali wotchuka malo paki ndi zotsalira za mapiri akale otsika mtsinje. paki Izi - "lubwe-steppe mayiko a Buh" - lili pafupi zaka zana zipilala zofukula m'mabwinja akale amene anapulumuka ku nthawi yathu ino. Umadutsa m'mayiko amenewa zosungika mathirakiti "Trikratsky nkhalango" dera mahekitala 247, pamene mitengo bicentennial kukula madera moyo wa herons, ndi ankakonda asodzi onse nyanja, anabzala ndikuyenda nkhalango mitundu yonse ya njira, milatho.
• Ascension. Iwo ali m'dera 1392 sq. Km. Mogwirizana "Pobuzhzha" paki achilengedwe. Pa dera la mtsinje otaya 4: Kumwera Bug, Arbuzynka, Mertvovod, wovunda Yelanets. anthu ambiri akumidzi.

Domanevsky, Pervomaisky Novobugsky, Vralievsky

• Domanevsky. Dera la chigawo ndi 1458 makilomita lalikulu. Kudutsa mu maiko awa 4 madzi mitsinje Kumwera Bug, Chertala, Chichikleya, Bashkan. Kudutsa m'dera ngati paki akudutsa zone lubwe-steppe.
• Pervomayskiy. Iwo ali m'dera 1319 sq. Km. Wasefukira m'deralo mitsinje awiri: cyanosis ndi Kumwera Bug. Dzikoli umachitika mu paki chachibadwidwe "Bug dera." Home Anthu oposa 66 zikwi. City Pervomaysk Mykolaiv dera ali ndi udindo waukulu ku makampani (mawotchi zomangamanga, chakudya ndi mkaka-kumalongeza, kusoka, kupanga dizilo).
• m'dera Novobugsky ili mu malo makilomita lalikulu 1243. Wasefukira mwa mayiko amenewa mitsinje awiri - Ingul ndi Sofiyivka. distilikiti ndi paki "Pryingulsky Park" dera mahekitala 3152,7. Mu kumalo ake awiri malo ( "mosungiramo St. Sophia", "Pelageevsky") ndi mpingo wa St. Michael unani umenewo.
• Vradievsky. Iwo ali 801 sq. Km. Ikuyenda mwa mitsinje awiri: Kodyma ndi Chichikleya. Umadutsa malo a mzere galimoto ya mayiko mlingo M-13 (amatchedwanso "Poltavka") ndi sitima Kotovsk-Pervomaisk.

Mykolaiv chigawo: Elanetsky, Berezan, Ochakovo madera

• Yelanets Raion ali makilomita lalikulu 1018. Wasefukira mwa mtsinje Fungo lansomba zowola Yelanets. Umadutsa malo a kuteteza malo achilengedwe "Elanetskaya steppe" dera mahekitala 1675.7, kumene kuchokera April kwa October, mukhoza kulemba kwa ulendo kuphunzira mbiri ya zikamera wa malo, kuti timudziwe bwino nyama ndi zomera zake, pitani zinyama.
• Berezan. Dera m'chigawo cha 1378 sq. Km. Kum'mawa dziko Berezan Estuary. Komanso, dera pokhudzana ndi malire Tylihul Estuary, limene lili Tiligulskiy dera paki malo, mbali imene - topezeka kudera wapadera. Choyamba, apa zimasungika m'madzi malo achilengedwe, ndipo kachiwiri, pali nyama wapadera ndi zinyama m'dera madzi, ndipo chachitatu, ndi estuary - thupi aukhondo a madzi a m'Nyanja Black.
• Ochakovo. Iwo ali 1.488 sq. Km. Awiri a estuary (ndi Dnieper-Bug, Berezan) ili apa ndi otchuka archeological ndi mbiri yakale malo "Olvia". City Ochakov ndi doko la nyanja Black.

Veselinovsky, Fraternal, Zhovtneviy, Novoodesskaya

• Veselinovsky m'dera ali ndi malo makilomita lalikulu 1.245. Pa gawo la mitsinje ziwiri: Bug Kumwera ndi Chichikleya. dera kulamulidwa ndi anthu a m'mudzimo. Pamalo a m'mudzi wa Pokrovka anali kamodzi Nyumbayi oyambirira Middle Ages, koma kuti tsopano mulibe waliteteza.
• Fraternal. M'dera la chigawo ichi mamita lalikulu 1129. Km. Pa gawo la mitsinje awiri: Mertvovod ndi Kostovataya. zokopa Special konse, koma kuti limeneli anabadwa Anthu wotchuka wa Soviet ndi Chiyukireniya wosewera, Wolemba wina, wotsogolera zisudzo Saksagansky Panas Karpovich ndi zatsopano, injiniya Zamagetsi Benardos Nikolay Nikolaevich.
• Zhovtnevyy. Iwo ali m'dera 1460 sq. Km. mitsinje ziwiri: Kumwera Bug, Ingul. distilikiti ndi kunyumba kwa anthu 55 zikwi ndi predominance ya anthu akumidzi.
• Novoodesskaya malo okwana makilomita lalikulu 1428. Apa akuthamanga a Southern Bug Mtsinje.

M'madera onse pamwamba, mudzi wa dera Mykolayiv pa chonse cha anthu chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mizinda ndi midzi yaikulu.

Krivoozersky, Nikolaev, Bashtanka, Bereznegovatsky, Kazanovsky, Snigirevskaya madera

• Krivoozersky. Iwo ali m'dera 814 sq. Km. Chimaposa la Southern Bug Mtsinje ndi kuchuluka Kodyma. Special zipilala chilengedwe cha m'dera samadziwika koma kuti apa anabadwa wotchuka Soviet Major General, Soviet Union ngwazi, Eremeev Boris Romanovich.
• Nikolaev dera Nikolaev dera chimakwirira kudera la makilomita lalikulu 1430. Kumwera Bug mtsinje umayenda. Nikolaev mzinda ndi doko la nyanja Black. Kupyola mu mzinda wa utsogoleri motorway mayiko tanthauzo M-14 ndi mlingo European E 58 khwalala.
• Bashtansky. M'dera la chigawo ichi ali mamita lalikulu 1706. Km. Pa wake mitsinje gawo awiri: Ingul ndi Gromokleya. Chogwidwa m'mudzi anthu.
• Bereznegovatsky. Iwo ali m'dera 1264 sq. Km.
• Kazankovskaya. M'dera la chigawo ichi ndi 1349 makilomita lalikulu. Pa dera la mtsinje Visun.
• Snigirevskaya. Iwo ali 1.395 sq. Km. m'gawo lake ndi mtsinje Ingulets. Home anthu za 48.000.

mwachidule mfundo

Chuma wachibadwa wa ntchito kuzindikiridwa Mykolaiv chigawo: nsomba, ulimi, mafakitale, kutumiza, shipbuilding, ndi zokopa alendo. dera okonzeka ndi msewu, njanji, zoyendera madzi, pali ndege m'deralo. m'gawo imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri osati chiwerengero cha zokopa zachilengedwe, komanso n'chofunikira kwambiri pa chuma cha dziko lonse (gawo 3.1% - pa katundu, 1.4% - imports).

Pakali pano, a m'tawuni (68%) chimapambana m'deralo. Ambiri anthu a mitundu amenewa, Ukrainians, Russian, Belarusians, Moldavians, Bulgarians. Komanso m'chigawo tikukhala Armenia, Ayuda Korea, Azeris, Germany, Chitata, Poland, Majipise. The chinenero ndi Chiyukireniya ndi Russian.

dera limodzi lokha Mykolaiv (Ukraine) Chili malo aang'ono 89 zachilengedwe zipilala kumuteteza malo osiyana, makampani a mafakitale osiyana (51% m'madera onse a dziko) ndipo mbiri ndi mapulani zokopa (mbiri asilikali malo yakale Greek bwinja, zakale, mipingo, manda a m'zaka za zana XVIII ).