Chuma Korea North. Makampani Korea North

chuma Korea North makamaka yodziwika ndi ziphunzitso za "anakonza" ndi "anthu kutengapo mbali". Chinthu chapadera cha dongosolo la zachuma ndi digiri yapamwamba ya nkhondo. Pa nthawi yomweyo Korea North - ndi limodzi mwa mayiko ambiri chatsekedwa. Uthenga uliwonse, kuphatikizapo zizindikiro zachuma, kupezeka kwa anthu padziko lonse. Choncho, kunja review anzawo simungathe kudziwa molondola kwambiri mmene chuma cha DPRK anayamba.

Kumene, yopuma kugwirizana ndi dziko, pamodzi ndi chuma chokhwima zachilengedwe kupanga dziko m'modzi wa ang'onong'ono mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo la zachuma. Modern North Korea mtsogoleri, ngakhale amanyamula kusintha pachiyambi, koma anthu akukumana njala. Ndale Juche ndi chuma cha boma ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Chitukuko cha njuchi

Chifukwa dongosolo utsogoleri-lamulo la DPRK ndi kukhudzidwa? Ichi ndi chimene dziko amatha kuchita zimenezo? Chifukwa cha zinthu ukamapitirira pansi mu mbiri - kapena kani, mu zoyambirira za mazana makumi awiri. Panthawi imeneyi, m'dera linali dera Japanese. olamulira enieni ayesetsa angapo kukhazikitsa gawo zachuma. Wokwanira zosiyanasiyana mafakitale akanapereka kwa zachilengedwe, zomwe zinali pang'ono kuposa kum'mwera a pachilumbachi. Against maziko awa, utuluke kusamuka anapanga internally.

Koma Wachiwiri World nkhondo anaswa idyll. chilumba unagawidwa pawiri, wina wa amene anali Soviet Union, ndipo chachiwiri - United States. Zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti aliyense amakhoza kupita gawo limene ndi ena chisoni. Koma ubwino anali kumbali ya kum'mwera. malo wakhala chete. Izi akuonekera bwino ndi anthu, umene uli Republic of Korea kawiri.

chuma Korea North akukumana ndi vutoli, monga zachilengedwe ndi anthu chuma anagawanika omangidwa. Chochuluka cha anthu ogwira ntchito anaikira mu kum'mwera kwa chilumba, koma yabwino angathe gwero m'munsi ndi chiyembekezo anali basi Korea North. mafakitale North Korea ali makamaka apadera kupanga makampani lolemera.

Kubera chikominisi ndi

kusintha kwambiri zachitika dziko, pamodzi ndi kukondweretsa takeover Communist. Iwo kwambiri zikupezeka mu gawo ndalama. mawonekedwe katundu aliyense payekha anali tsopano zoletsedwa. Zamalonda waliteteza kokha mu mawonekedwe a misika, koma zinali zachilendo. Anayambitsa dongosolo khadi anali okwana zaka ziwiri.

makumi asanu ndi awiri

chuma Korea North mu makumi asanu ndi awiri a waona kusintha kwambiri kuti anali chifukwa wamakono kupanga mwa unsembe wa luso Western. Pa stepi ino boma anakankhira mkhalidwe womvetsa chisoni wa gawo ndalama. Zimayambitsa kusakhulupirika kugwa mu kufunika kwa katundu Korea kunja, kuti suspend ndi inflow ya ndalama. Chinthu chachiwiri kunali mavuto mafuta.

North Korea anapambana depreciated kwambiri kutha kwa khumi ndi. Dziko mophweka sangathe kulipira ngongole zanu zonse. zitsimikizo izi utapachikika Korea North, kupanga boma osauka. Japan mozungulira nthawi yomweyo Sanapezeke njuchi poyamba. Patadutsa zaka makumi awiri ndi DPRK ngongole kunja chinawonjezeka ndi madola mabiliyoni makumi awiri.

Kumapeto kwa zaka makumi awiri

Mapeto a Zakachikwi wachiwiri zinali zodzaza ndi mphamvu zoipa zimene boma zizindikiro zonse zachuma. GDP Korea North anali otsika kuti, poyerekeza ndi chizindikiro chimodzimodzi ukulu wa Republic of Korea anali katatu zochepa.

The malangizo anatengedwa ndi boma pankhani zachuma wakhala yoluza. The zifukwa zotsatirazi ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:

• chopereka kwambiri chitukuko cha mafakitale lolemera (ndi kusalabadira mtheradi kwa kumabungwe ena a chuma);
• udindo waukulu ngongole;
• malamulo a kutsekedwa ndi centralization;
• zinthu osauka kukopa ndalama.

Ndiye wolamulira Kim Iri Sen anasankha za chitukuko ya nchito ndalama. Kumbali ya chisamaliro chake chachikulu linaperekedwa kwa ulimi. Kim Iri Sen anaganiza kusintha angathe ntchito imeneyi kudzera yomanga zomangamanga zoyenera ndi achire komanso zinthu patsogolo dziko. A malo apadera anali kulamulidwa ndi ntchito zokhudzana ndi maukonde zoyendera ndi magetsi.

Kukopa likulu yachilendo

Kuti inflow wa ndalama zakunja ndi kuonjezera GDP la Korea North, akuluakulu a boma anaganiza kuti atchule kusintha mu chimango zolimbana. M'chaka eyite-chachinayi, izo Analeredwa ndi lamulo zogwirizana limene limathandiza chilengedwe cha kugwilira limodzi makampani ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito olowa.

Sitepe yachiwiri panjira kukopa likulu ena ndi luso linali gulu la Zone Special Economic, limene lili kumpoto-kum'mawa kwa dziko. Koma kupambana kwakukulu pa mfundo imeneyi sikunapangitse, chifukwa panalibe zomangamanga zokwanira. Zopinga amagwiritsidwa analengedwa ndi Akuluakulu a ndi kupanda ukutitsimikizira ndalama chitetezo.

mavuto

Korea North - ndilo dziko mawu a vuto la zachuma? Mu nineties zinali zotheka kuti motsimikiza kuti amene ankavutika ndi njala. Pakuti nthawi lachitukuko, ziri basi lodabwitsa. Chifukwa zodabwitsazi ndi chuma chidule zoopsa. Mavuto azachuma ali anakula boma kale oipa, koma analeka thandizo la ndalama kuchokera Soviet Union ndi China zinandipweteka awiri. The akuvutika chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa chakudya malinga ndi ziwerengero osiyanasiyana pafupifupi zikwi mazana asanu okhala Korea North.

mavuto Zimenezi zathandiza kuchepetsa malo boma chokhudza liberalization ndi abwenzi akunja. DPRK makampani wakhala chinthu chidwi ndi kuphunzira. Kuthetsa njala, boma ankakhulupirira allocated ndalama chitukuko cha gawo la ulimi. Pa yemweyo kusintha nthawi zinalengedwa ndi makampani kuwala. Akuluakulu dongosolo anali ogwirizana kugawa chuma ndi kusintha ntchito muzochitika zosiyanasiyana za chuma cha dziko.

Ambiri a malingaliro boma osati kunathandiza - anali osayenera kapena ayi ogwira zokwanira. The njala likuipiraipira yekha. Izi makamaka chifukwa cha kusowa dzinthu. Catalyzing imayambitsa mavuto panali vuto mu gawo mphamvu, yomwe inaimitsidwa ntchito ya maofesi ambiri mafakitale.

zaka za

Pa chiyambi cha lachitatu Zakachikwi, ndi North Korea won analimbitsa ake. Ichi ndi chifukwa ndondomeko yolondola ya mtsogoleri watsopano, Kim Chen Ira. lonse mafakitale dera unapangidwa bungwe ndi dongosolo lake. Chifukwa cha kusintha msika ndi patsogolo latsopano mu maofesi mafakitale. Ena anayamba kuyesa oyamba a mtengo mlandu. Zimenezi zathandiza kuti akope ndalama zina. Chopereka kwa chuma cha Democratic Republic of China m'chaka kuchuluka nthawi mazana awiri.

kusintha Monetary anapereka zotsatira losanganikirana. Pa dzanja limodzi, anafuna kulimbikitsa udindo wa dongosolo anakonza zachuma. Malinga ndi amene ali ndi udindo polojekiti, kusintha ayenera kukhala ndi kuchepa mu chikoka msika. Koma Ndipotu, kusintha zimenezi zinachititsa kuti kufufuma kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa katundu wofunikira. Kwa nthawi ngati chokhwima udindo luso ili anamangidwa ndipo kenako kuphedwa.

Panopa Korea North bwino malonda akunja ali mphamvu zabwino ndi nkhani muyezo wofanana chiwerengero cha kuphatikiza chizindikiro.

malonda

Osauka chitukuko cha malonda mwa anthu ali ndi mbiri. Ngakhale Chikomfyushani ntchito imeneyi anali chochepa yapamwamba, ndipo iwo ankachita zigawo chogwirizana wa anthu. Kumlingo ndi chifukwa ichi North Korea anthu a mu palibe mofulumira kukhala makampani malonda ku nineties zaka mazana makumi awiri. Iye anachita mbali ndi kuchotsedwa dongosolo khadi.

Koma njala zimene zinachitika mu nthawi ino, chifukwa Korea ambiri kupita ku dera limeneli. Nthawi zambiri akamagwira ntchito yawo si kwathunthu mwalamulo. Akuluakulu anayesa nkhondo zochitika zimenezi. Komabe, zotsatirapo zoipa mawonekedwe a ndondomeko wina anapanga - chivundi. Ndikoletsedwa mankhwala ndi Republic of Korea anagwa kuzembetsa m'dziko la DPRK lapansi. Zisanachitike, anatenga njira kudzera China, koma anthu sanaleke kanthu. Zimenezi si kuletsedwa, chilango amalonda payekha akhala zochepa kwambiri. Zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti msika oletsedwa katundu Chinese ukugwirira ntchito mwangwiro akadali.

Russia ndi North Korea

Kwa zaka zambiri, zinali Russia kuti anatenga gawo la mikango buku okwana malonda ndi Korea North. Tsopano chikutanthauza ku Russia ndi wachisanu waukulu, kupereka zipangizo njira ndi chuma.

Pamlingo waukulu mu State Russian imports zipangizo monga malasha ndi mafuta. A gawo kwambiri ndi zomangamanga mankhwala, komanso makampani mankhwala a.

Limodzi mwa mavuto chitukuko cha mgwirizano m'madera ena komanso mabungwe ndi mangawa chapadera cha DPRK kuti la Russia. Kwenikweni, ntchito zonse zakonzedwa pakati pa maiko awiri zokhudza makampani mphamvu.

DPRK ndalama motsutsa ruble pa mphindi chofanana ndi chiŵerengero cha 1000 ku 51,39, izo lags utsalira mu chitukuko cha m'mayiko ambiri. The chiŵerengero cha chinapeza ndi dola - $ 1 900.

makampani lolemera

wolowa Korea North ali makamaka yodziwika ndi katundu wolemera makampani. Mbuto ikulu mu boma akutenga gawo extractive. Dziko pafupifupi mu mitundu yonse ya zipangizo mchere yaiwisi amaperekedwa paokha.

Ndi chifukwa cha chitukuko wabwino wa m'munsi gwero analandira mafakitale monga zitsulo ndi nyumba makina. Malinga ndi nkhokwe Korea North wa zitsulo kuposa mayiko ambiri otukuka ndi zitsulo sanali akakhala ambiri ndi makampani kwambiri zingamuthandize.

makampani mankhwala

Cholinga cha nthambi ndi kupereka zipangizo m'madera ena monga makampani kuwala ndi ulimi. The mwayi wa malonda mankhwala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zimene zikupezeka wamba yaiwisi, amene amalola kupanga mtengo. Komabe, vuto la mafakitale, monga ena onse, ndi kusowa kwa mafuta ndi zipangizo. Ndi boma limeneli akulimbana kudzera mogwirizana ndi kugula ochokera m'mayiko ena.