Chuma Non-ndalama - ndi chiyani ichi?

ndi katundu si ndalama? M'nkhani ino, ine kukufotokoza. Tikupereka mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo la chinthu ndi subspecies.

Lingaliro ndi kapangidwe ka chuma chuma

chuma Non-ndalama - ndi zinthu zimene zili ntchito za mabungwe bizinesi ndipo iwo kuwabweretsa iwo angathe kapena leni phindu zachuma chifukwa cha ntchito zawo. Limene subspecies polimbikitsana?

Malinga ndi mmene munakonza chuma si ndalama anawagawa sanali kupanga ndi kupanga. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zimene iwo.

Zotsimikizira chuma si ndalama

Kupanga katundu - izi ndi chuma chachikulu (PF), amene ntchito mobwerezabwereza kapena mosalekeza kwa nthawi yaitali (osati chaka chimodzi) kwa kupanga katundu. Koma pali kuchotserapo. The ndalama yaikulu Musatenge katundu, kamodzi ntchito malasha, zomera, nyama ndi zina zotero.

Pakuti chuma atathana (chogwirika) zikuphatikiza (kapena chuma si ndalama monga): nyumba (sanali zogona) nyumba, zida ndi makina. Kuphatikizanso ndi: magalimoto, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida (banja ndi mafakitale), m'minda osatha, ntchito ng'ombe (kupatula ng'ombe ndi anafuna kupha), chogwirika atathana chuma, zimene sizili mu magulu ena (malaibulale, nyama kumalo osungira).

Palinso maganizo chuma chosaoneka ndi maso lokhazikika. Ndi chiyani icho? Iwo chosaoneka ndi maso zipatso chuma. iwo anapereka zinthu zimene zili mu chatsekedwa zinthu chonyamulira. Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? Mtengo wa chosaoneka ndi maso mtengo kupanga onyamula anatola zambiri, koposa TV yokha. chuma chosaoneka ndi maso (chachikulu) zikuphatikiza: pakompyuta, Geological kufufuza ntchito zosangalatsa, mabuku ndi luso. Kumaphatikizaponso mkulu-mapeto umisiri (mafakitale) ndi ena.

Chosaoneka ndi maso katundu (yowerengera) akuzindikiridwa popanda kulekana kupanga ndipo sanali kupanga gulu. Izi ali ndi zoyipa pa zochitika za pa. Mu poona udindo wa PF kupanga zofunika alekane mu yogwira ndi kungokhala chete.

akawunti ntchito ngati akuti "katundu atathana", kutanthauza chuma si ndalama. Mfundo imeneyi angaonedwe kuchokera ku mbali yina. Chuma akhoza wachinsinsi monga chuma atathana ngati zinthu izi zimapezeka:

1. Gululi sinditi resell zinthu zimenezi.

2. bungwe ikuyembekeza phindu m'tsogolo.

3. Opaleshoni ya chuma bungwe la owonjezera miyezi 12 kapena kuposerapo.

4. Gwiritsani ntchito mu kupanga, ntchito ya ntchito, misonkhano kapena zosowa kasamalidwe.

Kapangidwe ka "chuma atathana" ayenera m'gulu yemweyo zinthu monga "katundu atathana", kuphatikiza ndalama likulu mu kusintha dziko, kubwereketsa zinthu, malo ndi njira yachibadwa wagawo ndi.

Mu mlandu, palibe mfundo "chuma chosaoneka ndi maso atathana". Kodi kuyang'ana? Mtengo yotsalira ya chuma atathana m'gulu pepala bwino.

Siteji yotsatira. chuma atathana zinalembedwa m'mabuku kulongosola kufunika chachikulu.

Kupanga kwa chuma si ndalama monga inventories ndi mfundo opaleshoni. Iwo amakhala ndi mankhwala analengedwa pa siteji panopa ndi nthawi kale. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo anali zogulitsa, ntchito yopanga kapena pa zolinga zina. Ndi chiyani icho? zinthuzi yaiwisi, yomalizidwa mankhwala, zipangizo, kupanga pa siteji ya kutsiriza, katundu akagulitse.

chuma Non-ndalama - komanso mfundozi. Iwo zinthu mtengo, amene sananenedwe kwa cholinga kupanga ndi mowa. makhalidwe awa amawasunga phindu pa nthawi. Zikuphatikizapo: miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi zitsulo (osati ntchito mu kampani monga m'munsi gwero kwa kupanga); zosemasema ndi Zosayiwalika; Makhalidwe amene si zimachitika magulu ena (zodzikongoletsera mtengo wapatali deta).

Non-kupanga katundu chosaoneka ndi maso

Ndi chiyani icho? Wosabereka chosaoneka ndi maso sanali chuma chuma - mawonekedwe malamulo, amene anapanga pa kupanga ndondomeko ndi amatha amapita chimodzi mayunitsi (mabungwe) ndi mzake. Zikuphatikizapo zikalata kulola chofukizira kuchita ntchito ina yapadera. Pankhaniyi, iwo amachotsedwa ntchito ya mayunitsi ena (mabungwe), kupatulapo chilolezo cha mwini.

Kapangidwe ka chuma izi zikuphatikizapo:

1. Leases ndi mapangano osiyanasiyana ndi zida bwino (anapeza analeredwa gud - makonzedwe woikidwiratu wa mbiri).

2. setifiketi mabungwe - kuyambitsa atsopano omwe luso la zopangapanga awo nzeru, zomwe chitetezo milandu pa maziko a lamulo.

chuma chogwirika si lokhalamo

Taganizirani mfundo imeneyi. Chogwirika sanali zipatso osakhala chuma chuma - ndi chuma (zachilengedwe chiyambi) amatanthauza. Iwo akhoza kukhala: zongowonjezwdwa kapena ayi chilengedwe (dziko, matupi madzi pamwamba pake kuti athandize iwo lamanja la umwini). Kodi wina mgulu lino? Ndi zinthu mobisa (madzi), chuma mchere (chuma mchere), zachilengedwe kwachilengedwenso nkhokwe (uncultivated) - nyama ndi zomera.

chuma Non-ndalama nkhani bajeti (Bu)

Mu bajeti mlandu boma (oyang'anira tauni) katundu udzayesedwa kwa chuma si ndalama. Nkhani yaikulu malamulo ndondomeko kusunga zinthu izi Cu - Cu yophunzirira (kulamula Unduna wa Zachuma ku 26.08.2004 №70n).

chuma Non-ndalama Bu zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu: atathana chuma (makina ndi zipangizo, nyumba, zogona ndi sanali zogona malo, magalimoto, zida kupanga, hardware ndi zofewa). Kumaphatikizaponso: Fund laibulale, zodzikongoletsera, zodzikongoletsera ndiponso zinthu zina lokhazikika. mndandanda akupitiriza chuma sanali kutulutsa (chuma subsoil, dziko ndi ena mu atomu sipekitiramu). chuma chosaoneka ndi maso, inventories (zipangizo kuvala ndi mankhwala, chakudya, zomangamanga, mafuta ndi lubricants, etc.), kuyimitsidwa - onse mgulu lino.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa katundu si ndalama nkhani bajeti tingaphunzire kuchokera ku Unduna wa Zachuma Order kuchokera 26.08.2004 №70n.

Mlandu ndalama ku chuma si ndalama

Ndi chiyani icho? Chifukwa cha ndalama ku chuma sanali chuma ntchito ndi 010600000 (ndalama). Njira imeneyi si yekha. Komanso, grouping nkhani ntchito: 010610000 - "amathandiza kukhazikitsidwa kwa katundu osasunthika", 010630000 - "ndalama ku malo ena a gulu la", 010640000 - "chopereka kwa chuma anausiya." Pali nkhani zina zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, 0106 11000 - "Msungidwe mu chuma mapulani weniweni chuma bungwe", 010613000 - 'Msungidwe mu chuma sanali zipatso, osasunthika katundu bungwe "ndi ena.

Nkhani zonse angapezeke mu mabuku apadera a.