Cross Medical: chiyambi, mtengo ndi kufotokozera

Masiku ano, pali zizindikiro zochepa thanzi. Izi kusintha kwa mbale ndi njoka, ndi nyenyezi zisanu ndi zisonga za moyo, caduceus, mankhwala ndi Red Cross. Khalidwe chatha anali wotchuka kwambiri mu Soviet Union, ngakhale panthawi imeneyo kufunika kwake kutanthauziridwa si zoona ndithu.

Chizindikiro cha mtanda wofiira: koyamba

Ngakhale kuti nthawi ya mtanda wofiira monga chizindikiro cha thanzi - za zaka 150, chizindikiro ichi kale.

Mu XII-XIV zaka Europe anali zochokera knightly malamulo a Templars ndi Hospitallers. Cholinga chawo chinali amasule mzinda woyera wa Yerusalemu kuyambira pa mphamvu ya Ayuda ndi Asilamu. Pambuyo mzinda unawonongedwa, ambiri a ku Ulaya akufuna kuona malo pamene moyo, anafa naukanso kwa Mbuye wawo.

Komabe, ulendo wa ku Yerusalemu anali osadziteteza chifukwa msewu anali mbava kwambiri. Komanso, makuponi ku Palestina nyengo azungu matenda kudwala m'deralo. Kuti athetse mavuto amenewa, Knights Templars omwe anagonjetsa Yerusalemu, adatenga pa zosowa amwendamnjira. Knights Templar ndi Hospitaller kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha apaulendo ku Europe pa yopita, komanso zipatala bungwe kusamalira anavulazidwa ndi odwala.

Templars ndi Hospitallers kuti anazindikira, chokongoletsedwa zovala ndi zizindikiro zishango dongosolo. Hospitallers - woyera mtanda pa zikhalidwe ofiira kapena wakuda, ndi Templars - chofiira mtanda pa maziko woyera. Si onse zochita Ankhondo awa anali woyenera, koma ambiri amwendamnjira, iwo ngati chizindikiro cha chisamaliro mosadzikonda ndiponso chitetezo. Ndicho chifukwa chosankha chizindikiro thupi lonse za anthu a nkhondo, ndiAmene zake kugwiritsa ntchito odziwika wofiira mtanda wa Ankhondo Templar.

The mtanda wofiira wakhala chizindikiro cha usilikali zachipatala

Ndi anthu angati omwe alipo, ndi nkhondo. Nthawi iliyonse nkhondo zambiri anavulazidwa amene kupulumuka ndi thandizo kuchipatala yake. Komabe, pamaso madokotala asilikali anali kufunafuna molasidwa pambuyo pakutha nkhondo, monga alibe zizindikiro chosiyana chiopsezo akuphedwa.

Pa nkhondo asilikali 1859 ambiri anafa ku Ulaya, ambiri a iwo akanatha opulumutsidwa ngati nthawi kupereka thandizo kuchipatala. Penyani nkhondo imeneyi wabizinesi Swiss ndi wofuna kuthandiza Jean Anri Dyunan anayamba kuyesera kulenga bungwe la chisamaliro asilikali ovulala.

Mu 1863 pa njira imene Dunant msonkhano anali anasonkhana Geneva, limene bungwe padziko lonse okhudzidwa ndi nkhondo wakhazikitsidwa - Red Cross.

Choyimira cha bungwe ili anasankhidwa Swiss mbendera (akufanana Hospitaller Order wa khalidwe). Koma pa zifukwa zopindulitsa, posakhalitsa latsopano ndi yothandiza gulu la chizindikiro wakhala odziwika wofiira mtanda (a chizindikiro cha mankhwala ku Soviet Union) pa maziko woyera.

Pang'onopang'ono, ndodo zonse zipatala munda asilikali anayamba kuvala armbands ndi mtanda wofiira, kuthandiza mbendera asilikali a adani ake, monga madokotala. Choncho n'zotheka atuluke ovulala ku nkhondo, popanda kuyembekezera kutha.

Mtengo wa Red Cross chizindikiro

Red Cross - si choyimira chokongola. Onse ngodya zinayi za chizindikiro zimaimira makhalidwe ofunika anthu kuti akhale mamembala a bungwe mofanana.

• mtima kuika moyo wawo pachiswe anansi awo.
• Mwanzeru popereka thandizo kwa anthu amene akuvutikawo. popanda kufunika kamodzinso kuti miyoyo yawo.
• chithandizo Fair onse osowa, kaya ndi chikhalidwe kapena mtundu.
• Chomwa ntchito, chifukwa kuthandiza odwala, dokotala ayenera yokha kukhala wathanzi.

Red mtanda ndi wofiira kachigawo

Mu 70 ntchentche za m'ma XIX, wophunzira pafupipafupi nkhondo anakhala Ottoman ndi mayiko ena a kum'mawa omwe sanali Akhristu. maboma awo asiya Red Cross kugwira ntchito zawo m'madera awo, m'malo mopempha gulu lizigwirizana chizindikiro cha Asilamu. Choncho panali chofiira kachigawo chizindikiro pa maziko woyera, umene unakhala chizindikiro cha chisamaliro asilikali zachipatala maikowa. Ndipo gulu wakhala linatchedwa Mayiko Red Cross ndi Red Crescent Movement.

Red Cross ndi zizindikiro zina

Mu zoyambirira za m'ma XX, Turkey, Perisiya ndi Igupto boma akatulukire kwa Red Cross kulowa decals zina: wofiira mkango ndi dzuwa. utsogoleri bungwe la anavomera, koma limati posachedwa ena ayenera kuwonjezera zilembo zina. Poopa kuti Red Cross adzakhala decals zambiri ndipo adzalenga chisokonezo, kasamalidwe sanafune kuvomereza kuti zizindikiro zina ndi linathetsedwa mu 1980, Zizindikiro za dzuwa ndi mkango wofiira.

Kuyambira 2000s, ndi mayiko Red Cross ndi Red Crescent anayamba kukhala chizindikiro watsopano, ndipo mu 2005 wachitatu kanthu chizindikiro gulu analengedwa - wofiira diamondi.

Medical chizindikiro Red Cross mu Ufumu Russian

Bungwe la Red Cross mu Russian Ufumu inayambanso mu 1876 pa maziko a koyamba Woyera Cross anamwino ammudzi. mamembala ake anavala baji wapadera ndi mtanda wofiira ndi chizindikiro mkati.

Chiyambireni cha m'ma XX, madokotala onse ankhondo anayamba ntchito mwakhama wofiira mtanda chizindikiro monga chizindikiro. Anamwino amene ankagwira ntchito zipatala munda kapena kuti asachoke asilikali ovulala ku nkhondo mwachindunji, m'malo mwa Mendulo ankavala mtanda wofiira nsalu pa thewera, chipewa kapena phewa gulaye. Panali mtanda wofiira pa makina zachipatala ndi ngolo, amene amadutsa ovulala. Kuona kuti akhoza kukhala ndi nyumba komwe zipatala zosakhalitsa nkhondo inali.

Chiyambi cha mankhwala mu chizindikiro Soviet Union

Pambuyo pa February ndi October kusintha Red Cross inathetsedwa ndi katundu wake nationalized. Komabe, miyezi ingapo kuti alole bungwe ili.

Kwa Civil nkhondo ndi zaka zotsatira zinali Red Cross nawo kupewa ndi kuchiza TB, matenda a typhoid ndi matenda ena, komanso kuthandiza njala anthu 20s lapansi. Chifukwa cha ichi, anthu a gulu kunaoneka ngati chizindikiro cha Mtanda Medical.

Mpaka 1938 USSR Red Cross anatumikira maofesi onse mankhwala ndi njira mankhwala, pamene lamulo la Commissars Anthu katundu zonse za bungwe kachiwiri anagwira ndipo waperekedwa kwa akuluakulu boma thanzi. Pamodzi ndi zipatala zambiri ndi chipatala (kuphatikizapo wotchuka "Artek"), linakonzedwa ndi bungwe la Red Cross, iye anapatsidwa mankhwala ndi kulemba mtanda. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyi anayamba ndi mbali osati chizindikiro cha mankhwala asilikali kumunda, komanso dziko lonse la zaumoyo mu USSR.

Chiyambireni cha Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako nkhondo ya USSR Ministry of Health ndi Red Cross ndi lolumikizidwa mphamvu kuthandiza asilikali kutsogolo ndi anthu wamba mu kumbuyo. Onse a mabungwe awa ntchito zachipatala wofiira mtanda monga chizindikiro chosiyana. Chifukwa, pambuyo chigonjetso cha chizindikiro icho chakhala limodzi ndi USSR nzika ndi chithandizo cha kuchipatala. Popeza malemu 40 Red Cross anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito zizindikiro ndi mndandanda wa zipatala, zipatala ndi pharmacies.

Chizindikiro Red Cross lero

Utatha wa USSR, mayiko ambiri CIS akhalabe kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga chizindikiro cha mtanda wofiira wa mankhwala Komabe, kuyambira 2000s, iwo pang'onopang'ono kusiya mwambo uwu, chifukwa ndi oletsedwa. Chakuti chizindikiro cha mtanda wofiira kwambiri ndi katundu wa bungwe la International Red Cross ndi Red Crescent Movement ndipo umaimira chisamaliro ufulu zachipatala, komanso kumunda asilikali utumiki zachipatala. Ndipo zipatala zambiri zamakono mu CIS ntchito kwathunthu kapena mwina nthawi malonda, chimene chiri chosiyana ndi mfundo yomwe imaimira chizindikiro. Komanso, Red Cross analipatsa chizindikiro cha madokotala nkhondo, osati ntchito yamtendere.

Pa nkhani imeneyi, lero CIS ngati chizindikiro cha matenda kunadetsa ntchito kapu ndi njoka kapena moyo nyenyezi American. A usilikali zachipatala la Chitaganya cha Russia, kuyambira 2005, zachitika chizindikiro chake ndi mtanda wofiira pa maziko wobiriwira ndi chikho ndi njoka pakati.

Lero, pang'onopang'ono zikuzimiririka pang'onopang'ono zinthu zakale ngati Red Cross chizindikiro zaumoyo zachipatala ya CIS. Ndikufuna kukhulupirira kuti mfundo onse kuti ukuimiliridwa, chikhalebe zogwirizana ndi zachipatala m'tsogolo.