Dzanja mabomba. Dzanja kugawikana mabomba. Dzanja grenade RGD-5. Dzanja grenade F-1

Anthu nthawi zonse pa nkhondo. Pafupifupi palibe nkhani latsopano mmene aliyense nthawi yaitali mtendere. Ichi ndi mbali imodzi ya dziko limakhala "otentha", ndiye ena, ndipo nthawizina angapo nthawi imodzi. Ndipo kulikonse, mivi kuchokera pamwamba pa mitengo ikuluikulu ya zida zosiyanasiyana, mabomba kulira, zouluka Jets ndi mabomba a manja, kuchititsa choipa ndi imfa asilikali a makamu otsutsana, ndipo pamodzi ndi anthu wamba. The woopsa zikutanthauza mosavuta ndi mtengo, kotero amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Makina, mfuti carbines ndi mfuti - kuchokera mpikisano. Ndipo chida kwambiri kuimfa - izi ndi zida zankhondo. Koma palibe kupatula zoopsa ndi "zipolopolo mthumba" - dzanja mabomba. Ngati chipolopolo asilikali anthu ambiri amaganiza - wopusa, chinachake bwinja ndi kunena kanthu.

Mu dziko lathu lamavutoli aliyense ayenera kudziwa ngati inu simutero kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti, ndiye osachepera zinthu zake zokhudza, osachepera kuti ndi mwayi mwanjira angawateteze ku nkhani chilichonse chimachitika.

A mwachidule mbiri ya garnet

Dzanja mabomba anali kwa nthawi yaitali, m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu Koma pamene iwo ankatchedwa mabomba, ndi chipangizo awo anali m'malo achikale. Thupi dongo, anapangidwa mwapadera "Gorshkova" sayansi, yomwe inali yoopsa mankhwala - ufa kapena madzi flammable. The zikuchokera lonse unaperekedwa ndi chipangizo mphamvu mu mawonekedwe a chingwe yosavuta mkokomo mu malo wamkulu ndende mdani. Chokoma ndi wathanzi zipatso - makangaza - ouziridwa ndi zatsopano wosadziwika amene wangwiro mtundu uwu wa zida, kuyambira ngati mbewu, zinthu kukwapula ndi pa nthawi yomweyo ndipo anamutcha dzina. Pofika m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri onse ankhondo a dziko anali grenadiers magawano. asilikali izi anatenga anyamata kusankha kukula kwa thupi, wamtali ndi wamphamvu. Izi sanauzidwe ndi tiganizira zokongoletsa, ngakhale a mafumu awa musaiwale, monga dzanja mabomba pa nthawi anali olemera, ndipo anali kutaya. Mwa njira, izi zimawapangitsa njira kusiyana ndi masiku ano. Bomba otayika ndekha kuchokera pansi mpaka gululi, pang'ono ngati zochita za player boling'i.

Zikamera wa zinachitika la masiku

Patapita nthawi, luso ali kusintha, grenade throwers kukhala malo abwino, zingawonongeka kwambiri kwa mdani. The kutsogolera kwa kukula kwa iwo monga ngati zida yaying'ono anakhala Chirasha Japanese nkhondo yomwe inayamba mu 1905. Poyamba, asilikali a makamu onse anali zatsopano, kupanga zipangizo zakupha kuchokera ku zipangizo zidutswa (nsungwi, zitini, ndi zina zotero.), Ndipo kenako makampani chitetezo kuti agwirizane choncho. Pankhondo ya Mukden Japanese ntchito koyamba Buku kugawikana mabomba ndi chogwirira matabwa, omwe anali ndi cholinga wapawiri; pakuti mayiko osewera ndi olimba. Kuyambira nthawi yomwe inayamba padziko lonse ntchito "mthumba zida zankhondo".

"Chinanazi" ndipo zinachitika ake

"Limonka" anausankha Briton Martin Heyl. chipangizo ndi dzanja grenade za m'ma mfundo palibe kusintha. Luso komanso tichipeza mu njira yatsopano ya nyumba (kapena "jekete"), rationally anagawa ndi nambala ya zigawo zonse zojambula 24. Kamangidwe chosintha anali luso logwiritsa ntchito ndi kulanditsa yolimbanirana ndi chandamale wamba mfuti asilikali. Grenade Hale anakhala zinachitika la masiku grenade projectile.

Pa First World nkhondo ndi ntchito maganizo osiyana. Kuteteza zibuluma, kuonanso chogwirira matabwa linamangidwa ndi chingwe chachitali, mwa yojambula zimene mwambo ndi anachita lama fuyusi. wolemba anali Norway Aazen, koma kuti chidali chifuniro chake sanalandire pofuna kukwaniritsa.

Dera waukulu, umene ntchito lero, anali mfundo za zinachitika Hale chiyambi cha XX atumwi. "Shirt" pakati segmented nkhungu ladzala ndi zachiwawa. Pakati pali dzenje chonse, umene umabwera pa screwing mmwamba lama fuyusi cylindrical. Kachedwedwe detonation ikuchitika ndi yodziwika chopopera mlingo kuyatsa mzati, pali chofunika chinthu monga chitetezo ntchito inadvertent. Iwo kotero anakonza Buku kugawikana mabomba mu unyinji, mosasamala kanthu za dziko la chiyambi ndi mtundu.

Special ndi kumenyana

Komanso mu mtendere, nkhondo, aliyense chida cholinga chake. Mu thumba lanu kapena pa lamba wanu womenya ndi osiyana dzanja mabomba. Photo asilikali Soviet ndi German, zida ndi okonzeka, newsreels, mabodza zithunzi anatitulutsa maonekedwe awa zipangizo wakupha makumi anai, ndi limonoobraznyh, zofanana pistons injini.

zaka wotsatira kuwonjezera osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana awo: panali kuwala, phokoso chizindikiro, kapena Buku utsi grenade, ndipo modzaza wokhetsa misozi. Izi ndi "uweme" sanali woopsa chida lakonzedwa kuti litithandize kwa adani a mdani kapena zigawenga, komanso kupereka zinthu zabwino mmunda wa nkhondo pa mthunzi kapena kuzemba. Zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu nkhani nyengo bwino zofunika Anabweza wagawo ndi malo woopsawo pansi moto ayenera 'adzaze chifunga ". Wandiweyani imvi utsi grenade RDG kupereka-P. Pansi cophimba msilikali wake azitha kuchoka chozemba (kapena kuyenda) ndi kuchita ntchito anamenyana ndi zomvetsa kochepa kapena ayi.

A kung'anima yowala limodzi ndi chimkokomo, stun mbava obisalamo, ndipo atasiya zomuthandiza anthu a asilikali a chitetezo. "Misozi musanaganizire," monga mu romances akale, mumbali maso instigators cha zipolowe pa nthawi amasowa amatha kuona bwino, kudzakuthandizani apolisi kuti agwire ntchito molimbika kukhalabe kukhazikika.

Koma wapadera zipangizo - mbali yaing'ono chabe ya mabomba onse dzanja. Kwenikweni ndi kuphana chida, ndipo chinali cholinga kuwononga pazipita kwa adani asilikali. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti wankhondo wolumala kwa chuma cha dziko-mdani si zofunika kuposa akufa. Lifunika ankachitira, kupereka ziwalo, kudyetsa ndi kusamalira banja olumala. Pachifukwa ichi, chi dzanja frag mabomba ndi mtengo wochepa.

Ndi grenade ndi thanki

Antitank unawonongedwa zaka za mosalekeza bwino. The vuto lalikulu wakhala kufunika kufikako galimoto oti muli nazo zida kuti kuugudubuza. The oyeretsa magalimoto oti muli nazo zida patsogolo mwachangu anatsutsa anayesa kuwononga, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana za kupondereza anthu oti mdani. Kumbuyo kuthamanga thandizo oyenda, zomwe zachititsa kuti bwino throwers milandu. Ife ntchito zosiyanasiyana njira - kuchokera Molotov cocktails zipangizo luso ndithu maginito ndi cohesive. Buku antitank grenade ali kwambiri. Pa Zima nkhondo, Chifinishi likulu anali ngakhale memo wapadera, chimene kwa chiwonongeko cha thanki yolemera matani 30. (mwachitsanzo, T-28) akhale makilogalamu zinayi wa TNT, osati kuphatikizapo nyumba. Wa mabomba anachita Mitsemphayi, katundu ndi woopsa. Kutaya katundu ndi sangagwelenso mu moto wa mfuti ya makina Inde - zovuta. mipata angapo kuchepetsa kulemera mlandu anabwera mochedwa, chifukwa kapangidwe wapadera wa warhead lapansi. Chokhala antitank grenade pamene kumenya zida limatulutsa mtsinje yopapatiza mpweya otentha zikuwononga zitsulo. Panali Komabe, vuto lina. Tsopano msilikali ankafunika kuponya projectile wanu kuti osati kugunda chandamale, muyenera kusamalira anali mbali ya kukhudzana. Ndiyeno maonekedwe a mabomba roketi-injini, antitank dzanja mabomba ku anasiya pafupifupi makamu onse a dziko.

Amalimbana ndi chitetezo

Pitani ku grenade pa thanki - gawo la anthu olimba mtima. Chinthu china - nkhondo ndi oyenda pa. Kuponya mabomba dzanja anakhala singasiyanitsidwe zolimbitsa mu kudutsa njira achinyamata womenya. Mu USSR, izo anaphunzitsidwa, ngakhale sukulu pa maphunziro a maphunziro a asilikali. Malinga kulemera Kamangidwe (500 kapena 700 g), kutalika mayeso mpukutu wa ku mamita 25 (akazi) ndi 35 mamita (kwa amuna). Wamkulu wamphamvu womenya angatumize mlandu kwa mamita asanu, zina pang'ono. Izi anapempha funso kodi kukhala awiri (kapena utali wozungulira) wa kubalalika makombo kuti iwo sakuwupweteka yekha zibuluma? Koma palinso mbali ina - kufunika kuthawa zinthu zosokoneza. Mu khalidwe la nkhondo kumbuyo kwa msilikali ali ndi mwayi kubisala kunkhondo, kumamyata. Pa nthawi imene mofulumira kusintha khalidwe si choncho yabwino kwa chida ogwira monga dzanja grenade. Mutha kuona mwa iye. Choncho, awiri mitundu ikuluikulu zida lakonzedwa kuti zinthu zosiyanasiyana nkhondo, chokhumudwitsacho ndi kumbuyo. Dzanja mabomba Russia ndi Soviet Union anapanga kwa maphunziro a.

The Soviet mabomba zolawula

Pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, asilikali pa zosayembekezereka (ndipo nthawi zina mawu chitetezo) ntchito frag RGN ndi RG-42. M'dzina la grenade RGN ngakhale anasonyeza cholinga chake chachikulu (dzanja grenade kumenya). RG-42 ankasiyana mawonekedwe makamaka geometrical (yamphamvu), ndi kukhalapo mu nyumba utakunkhunizidwa zitsulo Mzere ndi mphako zimene aumbike mwa kuphulika kwa ambiri zidutswa. Mafyuzi mabomba m'dziko lathu kale ogwirizana wosalira ntchito ndi kupanga.

RG-42 anali ndi jekete elongated ndi malekezero hemispherical komanso ali oyika wapadera, ogaŵikana zigawo yaing'ono. Onse zitsanzo anadabwa anthu oti mwa utali wozungulira wa mamita 25. kusinthidwa winanso wa RG-42 zinachititsa kuti zosabvuta pa kukonza.

Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, mabomba zinalengedwa ndi mafyuzi kuti akhoza adamulowetsa osati mlandu waukulu patapita ena nthawi, komanso pa mmene. Mbali imeneyi kapangidwe kumaonjezera ngozi ya ntchito nkhondowo njira, choncho pofuna kukwaniritsa mfundo za detonation mantha okonza Soviet adzasiyidwa.

RGD-5

Mu 1954, armament ya Soviet Army dzanja grenade RGD-5 Analeredwa. Iwo akhoza yodziwika ndi adjectives yemweyo kuti pafupifupi onse zitsanzo za luso zoweta chitetezo. Ndi yosavuta, odalirika ndi zipangizo zambiri zamakono. Nkhondowo zochitika zasonyeza kuti chilengedwe cha yambiri submunitions kosathandiza, ndi zokwanira ndi makombo amene anapanga pa chiwonongeko cha chipolopolo kunja, zopangidwa ndi zitsulo chabwino.

Dzanja grenade RGD ndi mwatsatanetsatane ndi luso ake deta pafupi kuloŵedwa m'malo RGN, koma otetezeka, chifukwa si amaphulika pa amadza. N'zosavuta kuti, kuwonjezera kulemera kwake (0.31 kg) ndi utali wozungulira ndege ya makombo (25-35 m), ndipo amatiuza chinachake zambiri za palibe. Komabe n'zotheka mwachindunji yekha kuphulika kuchedwa nthawi (za 4 masekondi), koma zimatengera pa makhalidwe a logwirizana kumizidwa.

F-1

F-1 ndi RGD-5 - awiri ambiri mabomba dzanja Russian. Akusiyana cholinga, chotero, makhalidwe ake luso. Dzanja grenade F-1 - kumbuyo, ngakhale za amadziwika kuti ntchito kuti awononge anthu oti mdani. Awiri mfundo zimenezi ulembedwe kawiri kulemera kwambiri. Malinga ndi kafukufuku pasipoti, zidutswa kuuluka pa mamita 200, koma zimenezo sizitanthauza kuti kuthetsa moyo zonse mwa bwalo ili. Mupheni Mwina ndi inversely njila kwa mtunda kuchokera malo omwe lamulo limeneli likugwiranso ntchito m'manja mabomba. Russia, kapena kani, asilikali a dziko, napempha osiyanasiyana zida kuteteza zolinga za dziko, ndi lero pali kutali zida aluso oyenda pa. Komabe, mitundu nthawi anayesedwa ndi mabomba ndi molawirira kwambiri kuiwala.

zinthu wamba

F1 dzanja grenade ngati RGD-5, pa chipangizo ndi osiyana chiwembu ochiritsira. nyumba ladzala ndi mabomba - TNT. Misa awiri osiyanasiyana. Zingatanthauze kuti katundu zinyalala kuwanditsa pa, pamafunika zinanso wa TNT. Ndipotu zimenezi si zoona, ndi luso zofunika kuti "malaya" kugwiritsa mabomba mkati mwa anachita ndi zachiwawa. Choncho, dzanja grenade F1 lili misa ang'onoang'ono a mabomba, ndi thupi ankawonjezereka. kuyaka More wathunthu wa TNT amapereka mathamangitsidwe zinafunika makombo chakuwuluka. Ngakhale mphamvu mkulu kuponyedwa chitsulo, sitingayembekezere kuti onse angachite mabomba, komanso kuwonongedwa kwa malaya ali mosamalitsa kwa mphako anafuna, omwe amachepetsa mphamvu mlandu uliwonse. Dzanja grenade RGD-5 pafupifupi katatu zochepa kulemera lonse limapangidwa magalamu 110 wa TNT. Mbali wamba machenjerero awiri ntchito UZRGM lama fuyusi. Kalata "U" umaimira "yunifolomu." chipangizo ndi losavuta, lomwe limafotokoza mkulu kudalirika ntchito.

Kodi lama fuyusi

Kuti actuate kuwomberako malo garnet F-1 ndi RGD-5 zambiri Akutsatira ogwirizana akweza UZRGM lama fuyusi chikukhudza ndi percussion limagwirira. Mkati pali kapu kutumikira kwa detonate mlandu waukulu. Mu zoyendera malo kutsegula kwa lama fuyusi ndi, anatseka pakamwapo pulasitiki amasunga grenade ku ingress wa dothi kapena mchenga. Limagwirira chidwi kwambiri ndi kukhazikitsidwa mu mawonekedwe a chubu, malinga ndi bushings, washers (iwo amagwira ntchito kukutsogolerani), ndi kupheratu masika, ndi choyambitsa ndalezo ndi unafunika cotter. Malinga ndi mfundo zake ntchito ndi ofanana ochiritsira chofukizira lama fuyusi okha zochepa mphamvu. Iye ankawoneka kuti kuwombera mu nduna, ufa ndege mpweya otentha pambuyo singano yowotcha pini napyoza pa phunziroli. Pofuna kupereka zokwanira kayendedwe mphamvu ndi wothinikizidwa zitsulo masika, okhoza kuwongoka pamene anatengedwa kuchokera pini chitetezo ndi kumasula achepetsa.

Pambuyo kudzipheralo pa phunziroli mu chubu akuyamba kuwotcha ufa bar. Chimakhala za anayi masekondi, ndiyeno pakubwera kwa kapisozi wina wotchedwa detonator. Monga dzina lake likunenera, iye ndiye n'kuliza mlandu waukulu.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ufa wapadera ndi okhutira mkulu wa nitrate ammonium ntchito kamangidwe lama fuyusi. Zimakhala kuwotcha pa liwiro (1 cm / s) kuti pa drier kuti m'madzi.

Mbendera ndi misampha

Wonyenga mdani mu mthunzi kapena kuchititsa zochita kumbuyo angagwiritsidwe ntchito dzanja mabomba m'madera migodi. Akuvutika chifukwa cha njira zimenezi akhoza kukhala ngati adani asilikali ndi anthu wamba, kotero kukhala pafupi kutsogolo, ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndi mosamala. The njira ambiri migodi ndi otchedwa streamer, umene ndi grenade (zambiri RGD-5) atathana ndi thandizo la ndalama zomwe zilipo ku mtengo, chitsamba kapena mfundo zina za malo, ndipo waya ndi kumalekezero chamangiriridwa kwa cheke-mphete, ndi zina - aliyense ena osasunthika chinthu. macheke tinyanga nthawi yomweyo zinachitika, ndi bala chitetezo ndi mu mkhalidwe ufulu. Izi wosazindikira njira odziwa womenya kuzindikira yomweyo.

Misampha anakonza penapake mosiyana. Grenade (RGD-5 kapena F-1) ali ndi mfuti malo (anatulutsa ndi cotter) kupsa mu recess anapanga m'nthaka. Bulaketi pa migodi kutsatira kotero kuti akhoza mwamtundu nkhani iliyonse chidwi kwa mdani. Choncho, kuphunzira malo kumene wotanganidwa, simungathe kukhudzidwa anaponyedwa zida, zida kapena mabokosi mmenemo, mwinamwake, ndi chakudya kapena mankhwala. Ndi bwino muvale chingwe zinthu zokayikitsa imene ndi kuwalimbikitsa kuti malo otetezedwa.

Ndikuyembekeza kuti pamene adamulowetsa ndi grenade ndi nthawi imene mukhoza kusamalira kuthawa, si koyenera. Pali oyika zina zimene tili m'mavuto mmalo mwa retarder ochiritsira, pamene amayamba iwo chifukwa kuphulika n'kamodzi.

vuto loopsa la anatambasula ndi misampha ana ndi achinyamata.

Nkhambakamwa ndi Zenizeni

Cinema, monga ife tikudziwira, luso Home, koma sangathe ake ndi khalidwe pa-picturesqueness kanthu.

Mwachitsanzo, partisans amaona Nazi yosonkhezera limagwirira chogunda, kukoka pini ndi kumasula choyambitsa alonda. Zinthu ngati mu moyo weniweni zosatheka. chipangizo ndi dzanja grenade sizikutanthauza ntchito chozemba. Pakhala akuyesetsa kupanga detonator chete, koma chifukwa cha kuopsa mkulu wa ntchito munitions amenewa anakana. A dzanja grenade lama fuyusi mu nthawi ayankhe akupanga kuphulika wokongola mokweza, kenako amayamba kuwerengetsa pa masekondi otsala pamaso kuphulika lapansi.

N'chimodzimodzinso ndi chizolowezi wokongola ena otchulidwa kanema kuti mano pini. Izi si zovuta basi, Sikutheka ngakhale chisanadze limbitsani waya. Akukhala mwabata onani, kotero izo zikhoza anatulutsa yekha kuyesetsa ndithu.

Zikuonekeratu ndi chilakolako cha wotsogolera kuti ngati munthu grenade Mabomba Hiroshima. Ndipotu izo zikumveka, ndithudi, mokweza, koma m'dziko poyera si choncho lalikulu. Mizati wakuda utsi ukutuluka kumwamba, nawonso, nthawi mwaonapo, pokhapokha, ndithudi, kuphulika kupsereza yosungirako mafuta.

Dzanja grenade - chipangizo malopredskazuemy kupha kugwira ntchito. Panali milandu pamene anthu anapulumuka, anali pafupi kwambiri kwa kuphulika ake ndi ena kupha makumi a mamita kwa iye apo ndi apo umagawanika kuchepa mphamvu. Kwambiri zimadalira choncho ...