El Agiriki ndi kupenta "anaikidwako Chiwerengero Orgaz": kufotokoza, chidwi mfundo ndi ndemanga

Domenikos Theotokopoulos (1541-1614) - Spanish zojambulajambula chiyambi Greek. Mu Spain, iye kum'patsa dzina El Agiriki, kuti ndi Greek. Iwo sanakhale ndi moyo chithunzi wosakwatiwa, zimene ife tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti izi El Agiriki. Onsewo ndi zokayikitsa yekha.

Zina za chithunzicho

Iye anabadwa pa za. Krete ndi nthawi yoyamba iye analemba Orthodox mafano, zomwe mosakayikira unakhudzadi kwambiri pa kalembedwe ntchito yake. Ndiye anaphunzira Italy, umene panthawi imeneyo anali kutaya chiyanjano cha Kubadwa Kwatsopano ndi kugwirizana anataya pakati pa zauzimu komanso corporeal.

Mu zaka 35, anasamukira ku Spain Peninsula. Pa nthawi imeneyi kalembedwe wake anayamba kupanga. Iwo sizingafanane konse ndi zojambulajambula kapena oyambirira kapena nthawi mochedwa. Iye - yekha wapadera. panalibe kubwerezabwereza.

Mu Toledo, atakhala ndi moyo zaka khumi Spain, El Agiriki kulemba kwathunthu choyambirira ndi zachilendo ntchito. kupenta Lino "Maliro a Chiwerengero Orgaz" (1586). Ntchito bungwe la San Tome Mpingo, kumene parishioner iyeyo anali zojambulajambula. kasitomala A anapanga mnzake, wansembe wa mpingo wa Andres Nunez.

El Agiriki, "anaikidwako Chiwerengero Orgaz": malongosoledwe a chithunzi

Zachilendo chiwembu analamula ntchito. Yekha Don Gonzalo Ruiz de A Toledo, Chiwerengero cha Orgaz, anamwalira mu 1323. Iye anapanga zopereka chuma mpingo umene anaikidwa m'manda, ndi pambuyo pa imfa yake panali nthano za chozizwitsa. Mokokomeza Chiwerengero, mukatsatira nkhani imeneyi m'bokosi anali adatchithisira wotsikayo kuchokera kumwamba St. St. Augustine. Stefan. Polemba za izo chosema pa mwala slab, limene lili pansi chithunzi. Ife chiyambi chabe pofotokoza ntchito ya "anaikidwako Chiwerengero Orgaz" lomwe lili kukula yaikulu. kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi zisanu mamita yaitali ndi pafupi anayi.

The zikuchokera kumwamba kupenta

Pali kopanda kuti amagwirizana ndi chizindikiro cha "The Mfundo za Virgin", umene unalembedwa cha El Agiriki mu 1567. Werengerani maliro chithunzi bwino analigaŵa m'zigawo ziwiri, omwe zozizwitsa kuchitika. Pansi mbali ya padziko lapansi, thupi womwalirayo Chiwerengero cha pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kumanzere kuthandiza achinyamata St. Stephen mu chovala cha dikoni, ndi bwino - St. Augustine zovala bishopu.

Kumwamba kupyolera mu mitambo adagawana moyo Zithunzi akuyerekezera zosavuta mpweya zikutipatsa mngelo, ndipo apo iye amakumana inali pakati pa chithunzi ndi chimake pontho Cheza cha dziko ndi Iisus Hristos, limene lili kudzanja lamanja la fanizo la Lady athu, ndi lamanzere - Ioanna Krestitelya. gulu limeneli lili ndi mawonekedwe chowulungika.

Pomwe, mzere umadutsa oyera awiri amene ali pamwamba chabe Ioanna Krestitelya, ndipo anavala malaya owala lalanje (Yakobo) ndi buluu mkanjo (Paulo). Kumanzere kumangako. Peter ndi makiyi awiri sizikugwirizana mu chowulungika izi. Koma Khristu limatiuza kuti dzanja kukumba zipata za Zithunzi za moyo. Mzimu zithunzi Tavera Cardinal ndi Mfumu Philip II ndi mitambo mafunde. Kumanzere chikusonyeza Mfumu Davide ndi zeze m'manja mwake, Mose ndi miyala ya pangano ndi Nowa. Khamu lonse la oyera, ofera ndi olungama olembedwa surreal, ethereal, kalembedwe Byzantine, amaona kokha wansembe, amene ankawoneka pamwamba. Choncho chakwaniritsidwa Maliro a Chiwerengero Orgaz mu dziko pansipa.

The zikuchokera dziko lino

Ngati kumtunda kwa chinsalu amatenga mzimu mu malo apamwamba, m'munsi weniweni zokwanira. Kupweteka Maliro a Chiwerengero Orgaz ndi kusintha kwake mu dziko lina limodzi ndi anthu enieni - anthu otchuka, atsogoleri ndi agulupa (Republic ndi Francis). Awa ndi zithunzi za anthu a m'nthawi yake.

Zoyenera Pachithunzipa, kugwirana chanza m'buku la pemphero, tiyenera wansembe Andres Nunez. Ife tikuziwona izo mu mbiri. Chachiwiri Ansembe atavala alb woonda ndi mandala, amene resonates mtundu kuchokera kumtunda kwa kapangidwe. Zinali iye amene zikugwirizana dziko lapansi ndi kumwamba wotsegulira iye yekha, ndipo anasunga maso ake. Mnyamata-tsamba - ni mwana wa zojambulajambula lapansi. Ananena kwa omvetsera pa dzanja woyera, amene sanali kuoneka kuti muzindikire anthu nawo pamwambowu. The mwana zikugwirizana maiko awiri - kujambula chithunzi ndi maonekedwe enieni, padziko lapansi. Chiwerengerochi awiri - mwanayo ndipo wansembe - chinsinsi zikuchokera.

M'manda a Chiwerengero Orgaz, omwe limodzi ndi chozizwitsa, yokutidwa mgwirizano omwe anabalalitsa kuona otchuka Spanish. nkhope zawo kunja impassive, koma panalibe chabwino wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba ku dziko lakunja ndi mayesero ake. maganizo awo m'kukoma wochenjera nkhope wotumbululuka ndi milomo chatsekedwa, ndipo naleka kayendedwe manja wachisomo. Iwo amaganiza kuti kwalembedwa osati kwenikweni Toledo olemekezeka, komanso El Agiriki. nkhope yake kungoyang'ana pa wowerenga lapansi. Chimanena kuti anakweza dzanja pamwamba pa mutu wa St. Stefan.

Pa nsalu ya palibe kuchitapo kanthu kuti chichitike. Ndipo kuunika kwathunthu akutuluka paliponse, izo basi anathira pansi pa pachithunzipa. Ngakhale miyuni maliro kuponyedwa palibe mawunikidwe. Nkosafuna Maliro a Chiwerengero Orgaz El Agiriki ndi mu mawonekedwe a chowulungika ndi. mawonekedwe kanjedza ake a oyera. Izi zikuchokera ndi mtundu likulu la pansi. Pankhaniyi, ndi kulemekeza podwala chapamwamba, anasamutsira lamanzere. Oyera ophatikizapo kukongola wapamwamba kwambiri wauzimu. Pang'onopang'ono chithunzi anafotokozedwa ndi El Agiriki, "anaikidwako Chiwerengero Orgaz."

mtundu

Izo zonse inamangidwa pa confluence a mwambo ndi maliro wakuda, siliva imvi ndi golide malankhulidwe ozizira. Chikusonyeza wofiira, wakuda, buluu ndi wachikasu kumvera pa kulankhula. Koma ngakhale miinjiro golide wa oyera kubala kutentha. Cold kuwala ndi miuni, mmodzi amene pafupifupi wokhudza mngelo phiko mu ozizira ndi Kamaoneka chikasu glints chovala. Zili ngati mpweya ndi mphepo, amene angakwanitse iye danga wakumwamba. Onse dziko transcendental ladzala ndi wandiweyani, koma pa yomweyo translucent, ndi m'mbali zovuta, mitambo grayish-siliva. Iwo amasewera zosiyanasiyana mthunzi kuchokera wakuda ndi imvi ozizira, wotumbululuka bluish.

Bright allocated yekha kuzilingalira kusonyeza woyera Yesu, kusiya akuya golide, ziri kukopedwa Ioann Krestitel, aloe kavalidwe buluu Cape Mary. Iye anatsitsa dzanja lake, nkhawa chophimba translucent, amene wamanga moyo wa Zithunzi, ndipo mothered limagwira ake. Choncho analemba El Agiriki ndi "Maliro a Chiwerengero Orgaz." Kufotokozera sindingakhoze kukuuzani inu momwe pamodzi ndi wojambula weniweni ndi zolengedwa chapamwamba mu filimu.

Monga m'nthawi anazindikira chithunzi

Altarpiece, amene analenga El Agiriki, anakondwera ndi anthu a Toledo. Ndipotu ukonde ndi za ankawoloka pakhomo la imfa chinsinsi, kuti nthawi imeneyi munthu ndi mmodzi zimathandiza Muomboli Iisus Hristos, amayi wake, amenenso amayi athu, ndi woyera mtima onse mwa kumwamba - abale athu mkulu. Wentsenewo adafika kwa amasirira zodabwitsa yaikulu lona amene anaphunzira otchuka nzika apamwamba, ansembe. Ngakhale alendo anabwera m'tauni chabe kuti ntchito imeneyi.

Wojambula Ganizani mofatsa mmene kuluka nsalu ndi mkati mwa mpingo waung'ono, ndipo organically Integrated mu izo. Ulemerero kwa El Agiriki wakula kwambiri. Iye anali pa pachimake ake. ntchito zake zina unatengedwa kunja kwa mzinda ndi Spain ndipo sanasiye mpingo wodzichepetsa, amene anaumanganso mu mzikiti pambuyo pa Kuchotsedwa komaliza kwa Asilamu otchedwa a Moor. Komabe, kwa nthawi yaitali kuchotsedwa, ndipo iye anali mu anawasema wa mpingo. Koma ndiye iye kachiwiri poyera. Tsopano zikhale kuwala, ndipo iwo wotsekedwa grille.

Chidwi mfundo kugwirizana ndi chithunzi

Chinsalu ndi El Agiriki, "anaikidwako Chiwerengero Orgaz", kufotokoza zomwe zapatsidwa m'nkhani ali ochepa nkhani yachilendo zokhudzana kuti:

• Señor Orgaz pambuyo pa imfa yake, chifuniro imene anthu ankafunika kukhoma msonkho pa kusintha kwa mpingo. cholinga chake osati anaphedwa. Panali mlandu limene linatha ndi chakuti ndalama kachisi zimapezeka. Ndi iwo, unsembe wapanga dongosolo kulemba zojambula chithunzicho ya El Agiriki.
• Zojambulajambula anali ndi umboni wakuti ayenera wasonyeza: kwambiri nthano ya nawo oyera mwambo kubuma ndi zithunzi za nzika wotchuka. Nsalu ayenera kwathunthu kuphimba wina mpanda wa mpingo. Master anali wokhoza kuchita chilichonse, musazengereze nokha monga Mlengi.
• Zithunzi akamachita osati apamwamba m'dera, koma wansembe, ndi mwana wa mmisiri, ndipo mwina yekha ndi a kuti asilikali achipembedzo (zovala zawo ndi mitanda wofiira).
• Painting anayamikira osati zosiyana, koma chithunzicho kudzitcha izo adakwaniritsa yakwaniritsidwa.
• Malipiro Komabe, kodi si zizigwirizana ndi makhalidwe aliyense luso kapena amve kuphedwa mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo ndi ochepa - khumi okha zana ducats.

Reviews la alendo odzacheza Toledo

alendo Russian anagwirizana anamusilira kupenta ndi El Agiriki. Zonse mu liwu limodzi kunena, zimene kukaona Toledo ndi ofunika ngakhale kokha kuziwona izo. Onani kuti ambiri monga ndekha mpingo waung'ono wa San Tome, ndi Cathedral wa St. Mary, ndi Alcazar linga. Iwo ananenanso kuti zithunzi mu mpingo choletsedwa, koma kwenikweni, ambiri anatenga zithunzi.

Onani mfiti zina akhoza kukhala mu nyumba owonetsera zakale.