Expressionism nyimbo - izo ... Expressionism nyimbo za m'ma 20

Kotala woyamba wa mzaka zana makumi awiri mu mabuku, luso zithunzi, mafilimu ndi nyimbo yatsopano, zosiyana maganizo chakale malangizo kulenga, analengeza cholinga chachikulu cha luso mawu a dziko zotengera malingaliridwe mumtima wa munthu. Expressionism nyimbo - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa utuluke kwambiri maganizo ndi zovuta.

Kodi expressionism

Expressionism anatuluka ndipo bwino kwambiri unaonekera mu chikhalidwe cha Austria ndi Germany. Mu 1905 ku Dresden pa luso la zaumisiri Apamwamba School bwalo chinapangidwa ndi ophunzira, amene ankatchedwa "The Bridge". ophunzira ake anali E. Nolde, Klee, P., M. Pihshteyn E. Kirchner. Posakhalitsa anasonkhana pamodzi ndi amisiri German ndi alendo, kuphatikizapo ochokera Russia. Kenako mu 1911, ku Munich ndi linanso kucheza - ndi "Blue Wokwera" chimene Kandinsky, P. Klee, Mark F., L. Feininger.

Ndi mabwalo amenewa anakhala makolo a malangizo luso, kenako anayamba kuoneka mayanjano mabuku, magazini lofalitsidwa mu Berlin ( "Namondwe", "Mphepo", "ntchito"), panali masiku mabuku ndi nyimbo.

Akukhulupirira kuti mawu akuti "Expressionism" anayamba mu 1910 wolemba mbiri ya Czech Republic A. Mateychekom. Koma kale kuti, mu 15 mochedwa - m'ma 16, Spanish wojambula El Agiriki ndi Matthias Grünewald ku Germany kale ntchito njira a kukwezedwa changu ndi kutengeka ndi ntchito zake. A Expressionists zaka mazana makumi awiri anayamba amadziona otsatira awo ndi lagona pa ntchito Fridriha Nitsshe (lonena "Kubadwa kwa Mavuto") wa zopanda nzeru ( "Dionysian") chiyambi cha luso, anayamba chitsogozo cha chisokonezo malingaliro ndi njira za mawu a luso.

expressionism Kodi

Akukhulupirira kuti Expressionism anauka kwa zochita zopweteka ndi zovuta za psyche anthu zowopsya za chitukuko ano, monga nkhondo (First World), kayendedwe chosintha. Mantha, kukhumudwa, nkhawa, ululu, ziwalo psyche - zonsezi sapereka aluso amaonera zinthu moyenera. Ndiyeno zinabala mfundo yatsopano imene kwathunthu anakana naturalism ndipo aesthetics chibadidwe mbadwo wakale wa ndiAmene.

Aesthetics wa Expressionism mabuku, kupenta ndi nyimbo zochokera mawu a maganizo m'maganizo, kusonyeza dziko la munthu wamkati. Iwo umakhala wofunika kuposa fano, ndi mawu a mtima (ululu, kulalata mantha). Mu ntchito yaikulu si chogwidwa ndi kubalana wa chowonadi, ndi kulanda zokumana kugwirizana nazo. Mwakhama ntchito zosiyanasiyana njira mawu - ndi kusinjirira, Kuvuta kapena zosabvuta, kuchepetsa.

Expressionism nyimbo - ichi n'chiyani?

Oimba nthawi zonse kuzifuna kwa kwatsopano ndi losadziwika. Mu aliyense wa Nthawi anali oimba amene anali "mpaka tsiku", ndipo mchikakamizo cha zochita latsopano luso anatsegula ndipo anakonza njira zawo kudzera zoimbira za mawu.

Expressionism nyimbo - ndi "psychogram moyo wa munthu." Kotero ati German nzeru zapamwamba Theodor Adorno. mwambo uliwonse, mitundu tingachipeze powerenga za zikuchokera nyimbo, tonality ndi zina ofunda zoletsa masitaelo (Classicism, Romanticism, Rococo) Expressionism nyimbo akukana kuti ndi mbali yake yaikulu.

Njira yaikulu ya mawu

• Mlingo muyeso wa dissonance mogwirizana.
• Kusadziwa kukula ndi kayendedwe tingachipeze powerenga nyimbo.
• Intermittence, sharpness, wosweka melodic mzere.
• Lakuthwa, nonstandard intervals ndi makodi.
• Anasintha nyimbo tempo zikuchepa ndi mosayembekezeka.
• Chosowa muyezo mode lalikulu-zazing'ono - atonality.
• Kuchotsa amapilira zoimbidwa ndi mosemphanitsa.
• M'malo kuimba mawu, kunong'ona, kufuula.
• Osasamba ndi zachilendo kumvera pa kulankhula mu mungoli lapansi.

Expressionism nyimbo za m'ma 20

Zikamera wa malangizo atsopano mu nyimbo pa chiyambi cha XX atumwi zinachititsa kuti kusintha amphamvu mu lingaliro la izo. Expressionism nyimbo - izi ndi kuchoka ku mtundu chakale cha mankhwala, kukula, tonalities ndi harmonies. njira zatsopano za mawu monga atonality (kumaliseche a nzeru za Agiriki mode lalikulu-zazing'ono), dodecaphony (a kuphatikiza malankhulidwe khumi ndi awiri), pa njira yatsopano kuimba ntchito amapilira (kulankhula, kuyimba, kunong'onezana, kufuula), zachititsa kuti n'zotheka zambiri mwachindunji "wake moyo akuti "(Adorno).

Lingaliro la expressionism zoimbira zaka mazana makumi awiri chifukwa Viennese School Chachiwiri (Viennese) ndi dzina la Austria Wolemba Arnold Schoenberg. Khumi woyamba ndi wachiwiri zaka mazana makumi awiri, Schoenberg ndi ana ake Alban Berg ndi Anton Webern kuika maziko a udindo ndi kulemba chiwerengero cha ntchito kalembedwe latsopano. Komanso mu 1910 adalenga ntchito zake ndi chizolowezi Impressionism analemba kuti:

• Paulo Hindemith.
• Igor Stravinsky.
• Bela Bartok.
• Ernst Krenek.

Latsopano nyimbo kwachititsa namondwe wa maganizo ndi funde zotsutsa mwa anthu. Ambiri anaganiza zosonyeza nyimbo analemba mantha ndi mantha, koma adapezamo mozama zina, wodzithemba ndi zongoganiza.

lingaliro

Expressionism nyimbo analemba opezeka yowala ndi pachimake zinachitikira m'maganizo, mmene munthu mmodzi. Mitu kusungulumwa, maganizo, chisokonezo, mantha, ululu, chisoni, ndi kusimidwa - ndicho chinthu chachikulu kuti oimba anafuna kufotokoza ntchito zawo. Voice intonation, palibe nyimbo, ndime dissonant, kudumpha lakuthwa, omwe alinso, unagawanika mungoli ndi tempo, osasamba kumvera pa kulankhula, kusinthana kwa magawo amphamvu ndi ofooka, sanali muyezo ntchito zipangizo (m'kaundula nontraditional mu gulu loyimba sagwirizana nazo) - maganizo onse a awa zinalengedwa kusonyeza Kuwulura moyo wolemba a.

Oimba - Expressionists

Oimira expressionism nyimbo - ndi:

• Arnold Schoenberg (nyimbo mkombero "Pierrot Lunaire," monodrama "Kudikira", cantata "opulumuka Warsaw", kuimba nyimbo za opera "Mose ndi Aroni," "Ode kuti Napoleon").

• Ernst Krenek (sewero la "Orfeo Euridice" sewero la "Johnny strumming").

• Bela Bartok ( "Sonata", "Choyamba limba Concerto", "Chachitatu limba Concerto", "Music kwa zingwe, Percussion ndi Celesta", "The mwambo wa Spring", "Zozizwitsa Chimandarini" ndi ntchito zina).

• Paulo Hindemith (munthu apange sewero la "wambanda, Hope Akazi", limba Maapatimenti "1922").

• Igor Stravinsky ( "Renard", "The Ukwati", "The Nightingale," "The Firebird," "Petrushka" ndi ntchito zina zambiri).

• Gustav Mahler (makamaka ntchito ina, "Nyimbo ya Dziko Lapansi" ndi yosatha Lakhumi Symphony).

• Alban Berg ( "Wozzeck" za zisudzo).

• Anton Webern (zisanu loimba zidutswa, chingwe atatu, "Opatulikitsa", kontata "Kuwala maso").

• Richard Strauss (kuimba nyimbo za opera "Elektra" ndi "Salome").

Komiti nyimbo kalembedwe expressionism

Choncho zinachitikadi kuti sukulu Schoenberg ikuyenda kutali ndi lofunika mitundu symphonic, ndipo akhoza yodziwika expressionism nyimbo. Images nyimbo chipinda (kwa osakwatira chida, duets, zamitundumitundu kapena quintets ndi oimba zing'onozing'ono) kalembedwe imeneyi nthawi zambiri wamba. Schoenberg ankakhulupirira kuti chidali chifuniro chake - atonality - si woyenera bwino ntchito za yaikulu ndi widescreen.

Viennese School - ndi kutanthauzira yosiyanasiyana ya nyimbo. Chisokonezeko, uzimu, ndi ganizo latsopano za choonadi cha moyo popanda anakopekanso ndi akamakonda akhala maziko a Mawu luso. Kuwonongedwa kwa melodic Kutulukira osiyana kamvekedwe - kupandukira maganizo chikhalidwe luso - nthawizonse linachititsa mkwiyo mwa otsutsa ndi mikangano. Komabe, sanaleke Wachiwiri Viennese analemba kulandira kuzindikira padziko lonse ndipo ambiri omvera.