GAZ-AAA: history, maonekedwe, specifications,

GAZ-AAA - galimoto, omwe anakhala kwambiri misa triaxial chisanadze nkhondo chitsanzo cha galimoto, osati Soviet Union, komanso dziko lonse lapansi. Za iye ife kufotokoza kenako m'nkhani ino.

American m'bale Soviet "atatu chitsulo chogwira matayala"

N'zomvetsa chisoni kuvomereza, koma zinachitika wa magalimoto Soviet anakhala pa nkhwangwa atatu, ndi American galimoto Ford-Timken. Dziwani kuti mu US galimoto mu kalasi ake, yodziwika ndi mtanda mkulu, sanali wotchuka kwambiri, koma ku Soviet Union kumene mavuto kuchokera msewu sadzataya kufunika awo, magalimoto awa athandiza kwambiri. Chotero, popeza 1931 mbewu "mluzu October", lili Nizhny Novgorod (kenako anadzatchedwa Gorky), iwo amayamba yopangidwa kuchokera ku zigawo womasulidwa ku America, magazini m'dera la "Timken".

N'zoonekeratu kuti kwa nthawi yaitali sangathe kupitiriza - mabungwe Dziko zofunika galimoto kwathunthu mwini.

"Zitatu chitsulo chogwira matayala" kuchokera gorkovchan

Mu 1932, Moscow NATI cholinga "trehosku", kudzitengera m'munsi kachiwiri, ndi American Ford AA, amene kale anali ngati zinachitika wa GAZ-AA ( "lorry"). Kenako zotsatira za ntchito ya galimoto anatitumiza ku GAZ kwa kuwamaliza zonse, pamaso kutulutsidwa kwa mndandanda.

Complete GAZ-AAA anapatsidwa V. Grachev, ndi luso mlengi Gorky galimoto Bzalani, koma ngakhale iye ankayenera kuyika galimoto latsopano pa conveyor (mu 1934) anangopeza kachitatu. Nthawi iliyonse angagwiritse wa galimotoyo za makina atsopano kuti kuyambira zikande. Olamulira lachitatu, amene chabe anayesa priladit ndi lorry alipo, m'mbali anakana mizu.

Komabe, tisaiwale kuti zitsanzo ziwiri za GAZ-AAA yapitayi chitsanzo siriyo, mu 1933, anatenga gawo mu Karakum mothamanga.

Chifukwa cha zimenezi, okonza kuti koma zimatheka chifukwa anakhumba, ndi galimoto analowa kuŵeta. Ndipo ngakhale kuti maonekedwe a GAZ-AAA "lorry" ankasiyana okha olamulira lachitatu, anali ndi makina osiyanasiyana.

Mosiyana latsopano "trehoski" kuchokera akale "lorry"

Choyamba, tisaiwale kuti galimoto latsopano ali chimango wina. Popeza injini tsopano pansi katundu apamwamba, pakufunika kusintha dongosolo yozizira, kotero zinayi mzere Redieta ku GAZ-AA m'malo ndi zisanu ndi mzere ndi kuphatikiza ndi kuika zimakupiza zinayi bladed. Choncho, rediyeta pachimake kwambiri chifukwa mu makulidwe ndi 37 mm.

Ngati "lorry" tayala yopuma anali anapachika pa nsana, pansi chimango, ndiye GAZ-AAA, choyamba, yopuma gudumu linali awiri, ndipo kachiwiri, iwo anatitumiza mwachindunji pansi thupi, kumene wotetezedwa ku nsonga-m'mabokosi. Pali mwakhazikitsa okonza ndi bokosi chida. Chifukwa kusintha uku kunali nyumba ya kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira matayala galimoto, amene eroding ndi "tayala yopuma" ( "malo") pa malo chikhalidwe. Thupi chomwecho, kuti achotse kukhudza gudumu bogie wa thupi lake pamene galimoto pamsewu, adapachikidwa masentimita khumi, ndi mtanda wake akuthandiza matabwa kuonjezera mphamvu chifukwa kuchuluka katundu mphamvu makina akhala kuchuluka awiri.

Komanso, mu 1937, atatu olamulira Soviet galimoto GAZ anamukwiyira okonzeka ndi injini wamphamvu kwambiri (50 HP ..) M'malo mwa sorokasilnogo akale. kutsinde Demultiplier sekondale okonzeka ndi mabuleki chimbale, ndi makina walandira zina mafuta thanki mphamvu malita 60. Thupi kukodzedwa kwa 10 cm ndipo anatsindika chitsulo.

Zofunika GAZ-AAA anali motere:

• makina miyeso (m) - 5,335 × 2,04 × 1.97 (m'litali, m'lifupi, kutalika);
• zithetsedwe kulemera (T) - 2,475;
• kanyumba mphamvu - 2 anthu.
• katundu (T) - 2;
• Wheel chilinganizo - 6 2;
• makina m'munsi (m) - 3.2;
• gudumu njanji (m) - 1,405;
• Mphamvu ya unit mphamvu (L m ..) - 504;
• mafuta mowa - malita 27 pa 100 Km;
• malire liwiro - 65 km / h.

Othandiza ntchito "trehoski"

GAZ-AAA - chitsanzo chimene kwenikweni ankatanthauza nkhondo. Kumeneko, magalimoto amenewa ntchito makamaka kwa mayendedwe a anthu ogwira ntchito ndipo katundu. Monga thalakitala zojambula. Armament "trehoska" sanali oyenera, chifukwa iwo alibe mphamvu zokwanira kutero. Komabe, magalimoto awa ndi zazikulu ogwiritsa Quad mfuti makhazikitsidwe kapena wotsutsa-ndege mfuti likungosonyeza 37 mm.

Komanso, pa maziko a GAZ-AAA unakhazikitsidwa kudziletsa injini mfuti SU-1-12 ndi 76-millimeter Cannon, oti muli nazo zida magalimoto pakati kalasi AD-6 ndi AD 10 kukonza makina PARM ndi PM "mtundu A", wailesi RSBF, komanso zosiyanasiyana Vans , akasinja, kinoperedvizhnye unsembe basi ouziridwa ndi moto magalimoto.

Mapeto a conveyor a moyo

Mu 1943, GAZ anabwera pansi bombardment ndi ndege German ndipo pafupifupi kuwonongedwa. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mu nkhondo lonse GAZ kusiya ntchito zawo.

Ngakhale mavuto kugwirizana ndi nthawi nkhondo, kampani anabwezeretsedwa mwachilungamo mwamsanga ndipo adzapitiriza kutulutsa zofunika kwambiri magalimoto ku dziko ku nkhondo. Komabe, pambuyo pa ntchito yomanga yopanga GAZ-AAA wakhala mipingo. Ndi udindo wa ziwiri tani galimoto ndi mtanda mkulu pambuyo nkhondo anayamba kusewera ziwiri chitsulo chogwira matayala, zida ndi zinayi gudumu pagalimoto GAZ 63.

Total kuyambira 1934 Gorky linatulutsidwa 37373 makina. A iwo lero anapulumuka mabaibulo atatu okha.