Gerhardt mphero mu Volgograd (chithunzi)

Volgograd lero amasunga kukumbukira zinthu zoopsa za Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Pafupifupi mudzi wonse anawonongedwa, ndi nyumba otsala anali mu mawonekedwe a mizukwa, anavulala zipolopolo ndi zipolopolo. khama zosaneneka wotopa koma pankhondo anthu obwezeretsedwa namanga mwatsopano Stalingrad. Ndiye latsopano nyumba mkulu-nyamuka kumeneko, mabwalo lonse ndi njira, koma kukumbukira zochitika zoopsa moyo.

mafotokozedwe

Mill Gerhardt - umboni wosonyeza, amene anapulumuka nkhondo wosimidwa anthu Soviet ndi Fascism. Ziwalo nyumba mwadala sanabwezeredwe ndipo anasiya zimenezi kumangiriza kwa mibadwo ya m'tsogolo. Tsopano m'mabwinja a mabizinezi ufa mphero ali m'gulu la "Nkhondo ya Stalingrad" wa m'nyumbayi zovuta.

maonekedwe

Gerhardt mphero mu Volgograd ali ndi chidwi chisanadze nkhondo mbiri kuti kunayamba 1899, pamene bizinesi Alexander Gerhardt wa njuchi German m'chigawo Straub Novouzensk County Samara anapatsidwa ndi setifiketi kumangira makampani mphero. M'chaka cha 1900 kunja kwa mzinda wa Caricino anaonekera Gerhardt mphero. Anayamba kupanga ndi kugulitsa ufa.

Gerhardt mphero mu Volgograd. nkhani

Pa moto mu 1907 komweko yapsya pafupifupi pansi. Koma mu May 1908 linadzamangidwanso kachiwiri, ntchito yomanga ankagwiritsa ntchito zolimba mwa makoma ndipo anatsindika nyumba konkire, pa nthawi njira imeneyi patsogolo.

nyumbayi adzakhala ndi mphamvu yoposera, ndi makulidwe a makoma ake - pafupifupi mita, kotero Gerhardt mphero kunja zikumveka kwathunthu anapanga njerwa zofiira. zovekera mkati ndi katswiri ndi luso kwambiri nthawi. jenereta mwini amalola mabizinesi kupewa kusokonezedwa chifukwa kulibe magetsi ndi conveyors makina kuonjezera zokolola. Panadzakhalanso zimakhala zazikulu, chipinda kukatentha ndi yosungira katundu itatha. The mafakitale zovuta Gerhardt kupatula ufa, anaphatikizapo mafuta kukanikiza, kuphika ndi kupanga rybokoptilnoe.

1911-1942 chaka

Ndi chiyambi cha 1911, kampani wabweretsa ndalama yabwino, ndi kupanga ogwira 78 anali kupatsidwa, ntchito kosangalatsa umene unatha maola khumi ndi theka. Pambuyo 1917 Gerhardt mphero anali nationalized, ndipo mpaka 1929 anali kutchedwa wodzichepetsa mphero chiwerengero 4. atamwalira K. Grudinina, amene poyamba ankagwira ntchito Turner pa kampani Gerhardt, ndipo pambuyo ulimi nawo nationalization ake, mphero anapatsidwa dzina la chikominisi womwalirayo. The anayambitsa kampani, anamwalira April 21, 1933, pambuyo anagwidwa ndi NKVD.

ntchito yake anapitiriza mphero mpaka 1942, anasiya yopanga mabomba mkulu-zachiwawa umene unagwa pa denga la kumalo a ntchito. Chifukwa cha kugwa awo mu nyumba mphero, kupha anthu ambiri. Part antchito anasamutsidwa, ena anayamba mudzi ndi mwayi pamalo abwino ofunika kwa mtsinje.

1942-1943 chaka

mphero anapitiriza mokhulupirika mzinda wake pambuyo nyumbayi chafika lolamulidwa wagawo Chervyakova mkulu omenyana. Iwo ndi nyumba yoyandikana Pavlova ndi Zabolotnogo anakhala lamulo positi ili chakhumi ndi chitatu alonda mfuti Division. Malowa chasanduka mu malo ya nkhondoyo wamagazi: udindo wa mdani ali pafupi kwambiri ndipo sanali kuletsa shelling. Nyumba ndi anthu izo anaphedwa. makhalidwe awo sanachite ngakhale mabomba ndiponso zida zankhondo moto.

Asirikali a Red Army wotanganidwa wozungulira chitetezo ku chigayo anazinga, masiku 58 kukawamenya Adani. Nkhondo zinkachitikira iliyonse inchi la pansi. The moyandikana mphero kwa mtsinje wakhala mpumulo kwa anthu athu. Kumeneko iwo adamkozera akuwoloka. Masana mtsinje kunachitidwa moto zonse ndipo ngakhale usiku kugwiritsa ntchito ulendo zinali zoopsa kwambiri, koma panalibe njira.

Mu 1943 anayamba ndi zikuluzikulu amanyansidwa la asilikali athu m'dera la Mamayev Kurgan, kusesa kupyolera m'dera "January 9" watha kukhala pakati pa moto. Ndiyeno asilikali Red Army anatha kusonkhanitsa matupi anzawo anakwiriridwa ngwazi wagwa pa lalikulu misa manda, ndi yamtendere anaika kale lubwe chipilala.

Nkhondo Itatha

Mu zaka lonse itatha, kukonzedwanso yogwira mzinda, anakhalabe osafikiridwa Gerhardt mphero. Stalingrad inamangidwa mwatsopano, koma nyumba zingapo, kuphatikizapo mphero ndi mbasiya monga mwa kukumbukira nkhondo yoopsa ndi wamagazi.

Wophunzira wa Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo Malyutina Ekaterina Yakovlevna anandiuza kuti mzinda Achotsa ankhondowo German kuti muwonekere kutali. Umaimilira phulusa ndi bwinja la miyala sakanakhoza kukana moto zoopsa ndipo anthu anaima.

The Nyumba yaitali wa 4 wa Stalingrad anali m'mabwinja a mphero ndi nyumba Pavlova, china chirichonse saposa bondo. Kuyamba ntchito yobwezeretsa anali ndi demine mzinda ofunika. Kotero kokha pa chilolezo cha dera la mphero ndi nyumba Pavlova Gerhardt anatenga zaka imodzi ndi theka. Ngakhale nyumbayi ankakhala ndi waya, ana chidwi zinali zovuta kusiya. Choncho zipolopolo lopondereza anapitiriza kupha yamtendere.

Kwa nthawi yaitali koma anamva mabomba padziko Stalingrad, zipolopolo German amakana sanafune kusiya dziko Russian. Koma anthu Soviet sanataye mtima, nagwira nyumbayi. Anthu anakhala pamenepo zambiri kulikonse. Mwachitsanzo, m'dera la 2 anachoka Stalingrad atatu German zoponya mabomba, ndicho chimodzi cha n'kuzipereka dormitory wamwamuna. N'kulola imawonongeka mzinda ndi nkhondoyo inali ikuchitika mofulumira. Patapita nthawi yochepa, anthu anayamba kulowa nyumba yatsopano.

Kumanga panorama Nkhondo ya Stalingrad owonetsera zakale inayamba mu 1967, tsopano ndi Museum ndi nyumba mphero, mosakayikira, ndi kuyitana khadi la mzinda. Lero, m'nyumbayi zovuta chitetezo cha Stalingrad anatembenuka Gerhardt mphero.

Volgograd tsopano - chinthu chowala mzinda kuti saiwala ngwazi yake yaikulu: am'deralo ankakonda kukacheza m'manda a asilikali amene anatsogolera kwawo. A panorama a Nkhondo ya Stalingrad owonetsera zakale zinasonyeza mantha nkhondo ndi chiwonongeko, mu mafupa wopota nyumba ndi zovuta kudziwa panopa Volgograd. Pa zochitika odzipereka kwa Tsiku Kupambana, ndi anamenyela kupulumuka kwinaku kulankhula za zochitika zimenezo lowopsya la nkhondo, ndi nyumba mphero akale limaimira ozimitsa wathu kukana. N'chochepa konkire, mwala kusungunuka ndipo anthu anapulumuka!

Windmill panthawi ino

zaka makumi atatu zapitazo, Gerhardt (Volgograd) mphero chitsegulire kuyang'anira kuchokera mkati nyumbayi. Lero, kuopa kugwa ndi ngozi, muone ankaloledwa kunja, koma pafupi analola osowa ulendowu gulu la atolankhani. Stairways atsekedwa ku zitsulo kuwafunsa mafunso ochititsa manyazi. Koma ngakhale izo Tingaone zimene nkhondo yoopsa zinachitika pakati pa pansi kwa nyumbayi. Kudzera maulendo motsogozedwa ndi kuyankhula za masiku amenewo zoopsa owonetsera zakale ogwira ntchito kusonyeza dents kwa zipolopolo ndi zipolopolo pa makoma a nyumbayi.

Iwo anapulumuka kuyamika mamangidwe ake amphamvu, koma tsopano mdani wake waukulu ndi nthawi. Choncho, m'nyumbayi akufuna kusunga nyumbayi ndi kuchitira hydrophobic ❖ kuyanika ndi kuteteza zisaonongeke zina.

2013

Mu 2013, nyumba mphero chinaikidwa buku laling'ono la chosema kasupe ana kuvina. Pakuti kudalirika wamkulu ankafuna kuchita izo maenje angapo, ndiye tinaganiza kuti chisokonezo kwambiri ndi kasupe ndi angapo nthawi anagunda nyundo.

Alendo mzinda muyenera kutsatira izi owonetsera zakale chisoni. Gerhardt mphero mu Volgograd (zithunzi Sizingathe kusonyeza zomverera onse owoneka) adzakumbukira kwa nthawi yaitali.