GLONASS - ndi ... Global navigation machitidwe Kanema. GLONASS Kodi nanga kumasiyana ku GPS

Dongosolo GLONASS ndi yaikulu dongosolo navigation kuti amalola kuti younikira malo a zinthu zosiyanasiyana. The ntchito imene inayamba mu 1982, ndi mwachangu akupangidwa ndi bwino lero. Komanso, ntchito kuchitika pa luso GLONASS mapulogalamu ndi zofunikira kuti amalola kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo anthu ambiri. Choncho, ngati zaka zoyambirira za navigation zovuta ndi Kanema ntchito makamaka kuthetsa ntchito ya usilikali, lero GLONASS - ndi sayansi pamalo chida kuti wakhala zofunikira mu moyo mamiliyoni ogwiritsa boma.

Global Kanema dongosolo navigation

Polingalira za zovuta luso la ntchito za pamalo Kanema lonse lero kwathunthu kutsatira dzina ili likhoza kukhala machitidwe awiri - GLONASS ndi GPS. Woyamba ndi Russian, ndipo chachiwiri - zotsatira za kutukula American. Kuyambira mfundo luso view, GLONASS - mndandanda wa zida apadera hardware, ndi ili mu kanjira ndi pansi.

Kulankhula ndi makina ntchito masensa wapadera ndipo amalandira, ndipo anawerenga chizindikiro anapanga pamaziko a deta awo malo. Kuwerengetsa magawo nthawi ntchito yapadera atomiki mawotchi. Iwo amatumikira kudziwa udindo wa chinthu zochokera mafunde kulengezetsa pa wailesi ndi processing. Kuchepetsa zolakwa zimathandiza kupereka mawerengedwe odalirika magawo pamalo.

Nchito ya Kanema navigation

The sipekitiramu mavuto a Kanema machitidwe lonse navigation kumaphatikizapo kudziwa malo enieni a zinthu zakuthambo. Kuwonjezera madera, padziko lonse navigation machitidwe Kanema n'zotheka kuti kuganizira nthawi, kutsatira njira liwiro, ndipo magawo ena. Tsatirani zolinga zimenezi kudzera makina pa mfundo zosiyanasiyana padziko lapansi.

Ntchito navigation lonse sikuti ntchito makampani kayendedwe. Makina kuthandiza pofunafuna ndi opulumutsa ntchito, kukhazikitsa ntchito geodetic ndi kumanga, komanso popanda iwo sangachite kugwirizana ndi utumiki okwerera ndi zina magalimoto danga. makampani nkhondo komanso sanatisiye popanda thandizo dongosolo GPS. GLONASS kuyenda panyanja chifukwa zolinga amenewa amapereka mbendera otetezeka anafuna mwachindunji zida chilolezo Utumiki wa chitetezo.

Dongosolo GLONASS

Full ntchito dongosolo linayamba mu 2010, pamene akuyesa kulowa zovuta mu ntchito yogwira kuyambira 1995. Mu njira zambiri, mavuto anali pachibale ndi durability otsika makina ntchito.

Pa nthawi, GLONASS - ndi makina 24 kuti ntchito mu madera osiyana a kanjira lapansi. Ambiri, zigawo zikuluzikulu zitatu akhoza kupezeka navigation zomangamanga: spacecraft ulamuliro zovuta (amapereka magulu kulamulira mu kanjira), komanso njira luso ogwiritsa navigation.

24 nthambi, omwe ali ndi kutalika zonse, m'magulu angapo. Ulendo uliwonse Chigawo nkhani makina 12. Kupyolera pa Kanema, m'mipita pamwamba padziko lapansi ndipamene gululi, amene chizindikiro atsimikiziridwa ndondomeko yeniyeni. Komanso, GLONASS Kanema ali zinthu zingapo kubwerera. Iwo aliyense ali mu kanjira yake, osati kungokhala. Mwa ntchito zawo monga kuwonjezera Kuphunzira a chigawo chomwe mufuna ndipo m'malo a exiting dongosolo ilili.

dongosolo GPS

American mnzake GLONASS - dongosolo GPS, amene anayamba ntchito yake mu 1980, koma kuyambira 2000, pamalo olondola kunatheka kufalitsa kwake pakati ogula. Pakali pano, GPS makina kuonetsetsa olondola mamita 2-3. Kuchedwa kukula kwa options navigation kwa nthawi yaitali chifukwa cha zofooka za kuika chikhalidwe yokumba. Komabe achire awo analola mwandondomeko pazipita kudziwa ndondomeko. Ngakhale kalunzanitsidwe ndi zimatheka ndi kakang'ono amalandira zotsatira lolingana GLONASS.

Kusiyana pakati GLONASS ndi GPS

Iwo anatsindika kusiyana pakati pa machitidwe navigation. Makamaka, pali kusiyana mu chikhalidwe cha dongosolo ndi zoyenda a nthambi mu kanjira. The GLONASS zovuta amasuntha mu ndege atatu (eyiti nthambi iliyonse), ndipo dongosolo GPS amapereka ntchito mu ndege asanu ndi limodzi (za anayi pa ndege). Choncho, dongosolo Russian amapereka Kuphunzira malo onse a pansi, kumene munthu amasonyeza mwa mwatsatanetsatane apamwamba. Komabe, mu kuchita, yochepa "moyo" a nthambi zoweta salola lingathe zonse za dongosolo GLONASS. GPS, nayenso amathandiza mkulu olondola chifukwa nambala yambiri pa makina. Komabe, Russian zovuta zonse kumayambitsa makina atsopano monga ntchito ankafuna ndi kukuthandizani kubwerera.

njira zosiyanasiyana kabisidwe mbendera komanso kutsatira - Achimereka ntchito CDMA code, ndi GLONASS - FDMA. Pamene kuwerengetsa amalandira deta kwa kuika pa Russian dongosolo Kanema amapereka chitsanzo zovuta zambiri. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, m'pofunika ntchito GLONASS mowa mkulu mphamvu, amene kumaonekera kukula kwa chipangizo.

Amene amalola mphamvu GLONASS?

Mwa ntchito zofunikira dongosolo - kudziwa ndondomeko ya chinthu angathe zimavuta ndi makina GLONASS. GPS Mwanjira imeneyi imagwira ntchito mofanana. Makamaka, magawo masamu a zoyenda pansi, nyanja ndi mpweya maofesi. Masekondi ochepa chabe, galimoto operekedwa ndi kuyenda panyanja zogwirizana mukhoza kuwerengera makhalidwe a zoyenda yake.

Ntchito navigation lonse wakhala kuvomerezedwa kwa magulu ena zoyendera. Ngati mu 2000s ndi kufala kwa Kanema pamalo chikukhudza ulamuliro wa ena katundu njira, amalandira lero zili ndi panyanja ndi mpweya zombo, mabasi ndi magalimoto ndi zina zotero. E. N'zotheka ndi udindo mutsimikizira GLONASS-panyanja magalimoto onse pawekha posachedwapa.

Kodi zipangizo ntchito ndi GLONASS

dongosolo ndi kupezera mosalekeza lonse nkhani za magulu onse ogula, popanda yekha, kaya nyengo, ndi okhudza malo ndi zinthu zosatha. Komanso mautumiki a GPS, GLONASS navigation kwaulere, kulikonse mu dziko.

Mwa zipangizo kuti angathe kulandira chizindikiro Kanema, kuoneka osati pa bolodi navigation zipangizo GPS-amalandira, komanso Mafoni am'manja. Data pa malo, malangizo ndi liwiro kuyenda wotumidwa ndi makina apadera Intaneti ya GSM-ntchito. The ntchito ya mwezi navigation kuvumbitsira msonkhano wapadera GLONASS ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zimene zikugwira processing khadi.

ophatikizana amalandira

Kupititsa patsogolo Kanema navigation zinachititsa merging machitidwe awiri kuchokera maganizo ogula. Zochita GLONASS GPS zipangizo nthawi zambiri wodzilemekeza ndi mosemphanitsa, amene bwino yolondola pamalo ndi nthawi. Mwaukadaulo, izi anazindikira mwa masensa awiri Integrated mu osatsegula limodzi. Pamaziko a lingaliro ili ndi kutulutsa ndi wolandila Integrated, akuthamanga pamodzi ndi dongosolo GLONASS, GPS ndi zida ofanana.

Komanso patsogolo molondola kudziwa ndondomeko Hrs ya kudalirana izi zimathandiza malo kutsatira pamene nthambi imodzi ya kachitidwe si kothawira. The mlingo wa zinthu yozungulira, "aone" zimene chofunika ntchito ndi kuyenda panyanja, ndi mayunitsi atatu. Choncho ngati, mwachitsanzo, pulogalamu GLONASS amakhala kufikako, ndiye kubwera kwa makina chithandizo GPS.

Other dongosolo Kanema navigation

ntchito Development, ofanana mu kuchuluka kwa GLONASS ndi GPS, ndi chinkhoswe mu European Union, komanso India ndi China. The European Space Agency akufuna kukhazikitsa dongosolo Galileo tichipeza 30 makina amene angamuthandize kukwaniritsa molondola chosaneneka. India wakukonzera kukhazikitsa IRNSS dongosolo ntchito ndi nthambi zisanu ndi ziwiri. dongosolo Navigation lolunjika pa ntchito zapakhomo. Kampasi dongosolo kuchokera kutukula Chinese ayenera zigwirizana wa zigawo ziwiri. The oyamba adzakhala zigwirizana makina 5, ndipo chachiwiri - 30. Choncho, olemba ntchito amati servings awiri mtundu.