Greenland - chilumba waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse

Greenland - chilumba yaikulu ya dziko lapansi. Malo km2 pafupifupi 2.2 miliyoni pamene Chilumba chachikulu Russia -. Sakhalin - chimakwirira kudera la km2 76 okha .. Greenland amatanthauza "wobiriwira dziko". Chachilendo kwambiri, pamene muona kuti pafupifupi 80% wa chisumbucho yokutidwa ndi ayezi. mfundo ndi yakuti mu 982, gulu la Normandy, kutsogozedwa ndi Erikom Raudom, anafika pa kum'mwera kwa chilumbachi. Pa imeneyo kunali kukula birch, mlombwa, udzu adakonzeka ndi udzu wautali zobiriwira, kotero iwo dzina Greenland.

Ngakhale zinaonekeratu kuti oposa mamiliyoni 1.8. Km2 yokutidwa ndi ayezi ndi palibe moyo, koma sanasinthe dzina. Mu chilimwe, kutentha pa chilumba nkomwe ukufika 12 ° C m'nyengo yozizira, pa gombe amasunga padziko -7 ° C, ndi kuyandikira kumpoto -36 ° C. M'madera ena, kutentha osachepera ndi -70 ° C.

Ice pepala pa chilumba unapangidwa mozungulira nthawi yomweyo monga ayezi chinsalu cha Antarctica. Kwa zaka zikwi zambiri pa dera la Greenland chisanu akhamukira, osati kusungunuka chifukwa kutentha otsika. Pa nthawi chakhala wosanjikiza yaikulu ayezi, wochindikala avareji mu osiyanasiyana 2 - 2.5 Km, ndi m'madera ena ukufika 3.5 Km.

Chilumba chachikulu wanyamula katundu zosaneneka ayezi, zigawo zake ku likulu anayamba kupita pafupi ndi gombe la Greenland. Mountain zitunda ngati mbale chimphona, zikuoneka kuti khama lomaliza kugwira chochuluka ayezi, koma ena floes ayezi kusiya ndi kugwa kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi, osatembenukira ku namkholowa yaikulu - ngozi yaikulu ya sitima mwangofikira ya Atlantic Ocean.

Mpaka 1536 chilumba waukulu a Norway, ndipo anakhala Chidanishi njuchi. Mu 1953, Greenland anapeza udindo wa chigawocho Chidanishi. Population kwa chilumbachi ndi zazing'ono - okha zikwi 50. Kwenikweni ndi Greenland Eskimos, ndi Danes ndi Norwegians. Mzinda kwambiri ambiri ndi Nuuk (Godthab). Ndi pafupifupi 14,000 Greenlanders.

Godthab anakhazikitsidwa mu 1721 pamene amishonale Norway H. Egede, amene anafika ku Greenland nyaze kusintha kwa Chikhristu ndi Inuit m'deralo. Pa nthawi imeneyo anakhala 12 mabanja. Iye ndiye anayambitsa kumudzi, unali "chiyembekezo chabwino". Mu 1979, pambuyo Greenland anakhala kudziyimira pawokha Godthab anadzatchedwa Nuuk. Amaona likulu zachuma wa chisumbucho, chifukwa kumakhudza kwambiri za mafakitale.

Chilumba chachikulu pafupifupi osayenera moyo monga mavuto amphamvu nyengo kuno. Only pa gombe pali Mzere kakang'ono ka dziko, kumene yekha ndi moyo m'dera anthu. Kwenikweni Greenlanders zikugwira nsomba ndi nyama, kumadera otentha - nkhosa. Greenland ndi mu malo oyamba kwa kupanga nkhanu kukonzedwa agwidwa Chaka chilichonse pafupifupi 30 zikwi matani nsomba.

Chilumba chachikulu pafupifupi chimanga chosakhwima gawo anthu lero. Palibe njanji okha mzinda mukhoza kuyenda pagalimoto. Kuti kwina, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pamthuthuthu kapena dogsled. Greenland chinachake ngati chipale mfumukazi, okongola ndi kufikako.