Vinyo wochokera mphesa zamphesa kunyumba. Kupanga vinyo mphesa

Omwe amadziwa zakumwa akumwa amatchedwa "timadzi ta timulungu". Mu fungo lake lopweteketsa, maluwa okoma ndi okometsetsa sangathe kukondana ndi sip yoyamba! Inde, ndi za vinyo.

Gome labwino, muscatel wokoma, zowononga zowononga komanso vinyo wokometsera wokhala ndi mphesa zobiriwira nthawi zonse ndipo paliponse palikumwa mowa wotchuka kwambiri. Palibe phwando, khalani chakudya chamakono kapena ukwati wambiri, sungakhoze kuchita popanda mankhwala okoma oledzeretsa.

Timapempha kuti tilowe mu dziko la vinyo, ndipo panthawi imodzimodzi tiphunzire kupanga vinyo kuchokera mphesa zamphesa kunyumba.

Chinsinsi ndi Wodala

Mbiri ya chiyambi cha vinyo ili ndi zinsinsi zosadziwika. Palibe amene amadziwa kumene vinyo woyamba anapangidwira komanso kuti zinachitika bwanji kale. Padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo mpaka pano, mkangano wotsutsana sunathe.

Asayansi amanena kuti kwa zaka masauzande ambiri makolo athu akale amamwa madzi a mphesa, akuwotcha dzuwa.

Afioloje amatsimikiziranso kuti vinyo woyamba adapangidwa kuchokera ku mphesa zomwe Ambuye anapatsa Nowa. Baibulo liri ndi maumboni ambiri za zakumwa izi. Malingana ndi Malembo Opatulika, Yesu Khristu ankakonda vinyo, choncho chiletso chachikhristu chomwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa chifukwa cha vinyo sichigwira ntchito. Atsogoleri achipembedzo amagwiritsa ntchito vinyo wotchuka "Kagor" pa mgonero, ukwati ndi ubatizo ndikudzinenera kuti ndi zabwino.

Chirichonse chomwe chinali, vinyo amawakonda ndi oledzera mu mibadwo yonse. Ngakhale panthawi yomwe lamulo lachimake linakhazikitsidwa panthaŵi ya USSR, amisiri amapanga vinyo wamphesa ndi manja awo ndipo ankagwiritsa ntchito maulendo awo apanyumba komanso kugulitsa kwachinsinsi.

Kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu

Kupanga vinyo mphesa ndi bizinesi yopindulitsa kwambiri. Vinyo ndiye, mowa, kokha kachakudya choledzeretsa chomwe chimaperekedwa mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowonetsera ndi kupanga mafomu. Kukoma kwake kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa mphesa, njira yokakalamba ndi shuga wambiri mu vinyo wamphesa Wowonjezera opanga. Ngakhale zinthu zomwe zimatha kuthirira madzi a mphesa zimakhudza kukoma ndi kulawa makhalidwe.

Zambiri zokhudza vinyo

Odziwana enieni ndi osonkhanitsa vinyo akhoza kuthera maola ndi zolaula zokamba nkhani za zakumwa. Palinso sayansi ya oenology yomwe imaphunzira izi.

Vinyo kupyolera mu nsanja akhoza kukhala: owuma, owuma, owuma, semisweet, mchere, mowa, wokhala ndi mpanda. Mwa kulawa, zikhoza kukhala: tebulo, mphesa, zosonkhanitsa. Mtundu wa vinyo umakondweretsa kwambiri zosiyanasiyana ndipo ukhoza kukhala: woyera, amber, pinki, wofiira, ruby komanso wakuda.

Payokha ofunika kuzindikira vinyo mphesa kupanga zokha. Kodi mungapange bwanji? Pitirizani kuwerenga!

Kupindula kwanu kunyumba

Kuti mulawe vinyo wokoma, sikofunika kuti muthamangire kuchipatala ndikuphunzira malemba mu mabotolo kwa maola ambiri - mukhoza kupanga vinyo wamphesa ndi manja anu, poganizira zokonda zanu.

Musaope kudziyesera nokha ngati winemaker! Kupanga vinyo wamphesa sizowopsya komanso njira yosangalatsa, yomwe ili ndi mwayi waukulu kuti mukhale wodzisangalatsa.

Chinthu choyamba kuchita ndi kulemba mndandanda wa zosakaniza ndi zipangizo zofunika. Gawo lachiwiri ndikusankha mtundu wanji wa zakumwa zomwe mukufuna. Oyamba kumene akulangizidwa kuti ayambe kupanga vinyo wa mphesa zamphesa - kunyumba ndi njira yabwino kwambiri.

Zonse za mphesa za vinyo wabuluu

Wopanda nzeru, koma zodabwitsa chokoma ndi onunkhira - vinyo wobiriwira mphesa. Kunyumba, zimakonzedwa nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kupezeka ndi zotsika mtengo za zipatso zosiyanasiyana.

Mitundu yabwino ya mphesa zoterozo ndi "Livadia wakuda" ndi "nkhunda". Izi ndizodzichepetsa, osati zofunikira zamoyo zosamalidwa, zomwe zimapezeka pafupifupi gawo lililonse la dacha. Mphesa yamphesa imatuluka kumayambiriro kwa autumn, ndiyeno mipanda yoyandikana nayo nyumba ndi zowerengera m'misika zimangopitirira ndi kuchuluka kwa zipatsozi.

Mphesa zamphesa zimakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri ndi zakudya zina. Mu mabulosi aliwonse ndi 50-80% a madzi, odzaza ndi pectin, shuga wachilengedwe, mavitamini A, C, E, PP, H, B, komanso macro-microelements, monga magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, sulfure, klorini, Phosphorus, chitsulo, zinki, chromium, mkuwa, manganese, ayodini, molybdenum, fluorine, silicon, boron ndi ena.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti vinyo wokhala ndi mphesa wobiriwira samachotsa zonse zakuthupi ndipo sangakhale chakumwa choledzeretsa chabe, komabe pamakhala vinyo wambiri wa vitamini.

Kufika pa kupambana

Musanayambe kukonzekera vinyo wa mphesa zamphesa kunyumba, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti muli ndi zonse zomwe mukufuna:

• Mphesa zakuda - 10 kg;
• Mchenga wa shuga - 3 makilogalamu;
• Chitsulo chosapanga cha malita 30;
• Mabotolo awiri a magalasi a malita 20;
• Magolovesi azachipatala;
• Gauze;
• Colander;
• Phukupi 2 mamita kutalika ndi 1 masentimita awiri;

Gawo limodzi, kukonzekera

Kotero, ife timayamba kupanga vinyo ku mphesa zamphepete, zomwe zimapezeka
Kufotokozedwa m'munsimu ndi kosavuta kumagawidwa m'magulu angapo.

1. Chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikutolera mphesa zakupsa. Kusonkhanitsa izo nkofunikira ndi nthambi, osati kuchotsa zipatso. Kenaka timalekanitsa ndi mphesa ndikuziwonjezera ku chidebe chopanda utoto. Sambani mphesa sizingakhoze, chifukwa ziri mu peel ya zipatso ndi chinthu, chomwe chimapangitsa nayonso mphamvu.
2. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kupondereza zipatso ndi dzanja mpaka madzi ambiri atha. Ndibwino kuti musambitse manja anu mwamsanga ndi sopo, monga madzi amatha kudonthetsa khungu ndikuyambitsa kuyaka ndi kuyabwa.
3. Kenaka muphimbe mosamala chidebecho ndi chidutswa chomwe chimachotsedwa ndi zipatso ndikuchoka kuti muziyendayenda m'chipinda chofunda kwa masiku asanu.

Gawo lachiwiri, lofunika kwambiri

Pambuyo masiku asanu, ngati chirichonse chikuchitidwa molondola, phala liyenera kukwera mu chidebecho. Izi ndi zomwe zatsala za zipatso pambuyo pofesa madzi.

1. Zonse zomwe mukufunikira kuti muzitha kupyolera mu colander, ndiye zamkati ziyenera kuponyedwa mmbuyo pa cheesecloth ndi kufinya madzi otsalawo.
2. Myeretsedwe oyera a mphesa ayenera kutsanulidwa mosamala pa mabotolo ndikuwonjezera pamenepo magawo ofanana ndi shuga. Ndikofunika kuti uyisunthire mosamala kwambiri.

Gawo lachitatu, chomaliza

Kumbukirani kuti shuga imasungunuka mofulumira kwambiri, choncho muyenera kuleza mtima.

1. Shuga ikatha kusungunuka mu madzi, girasi ya mankhwala iyenera kuvomedwa pamutu wa botolo. Chala chake chilichonse chiyenera kuponyedwa ndi singano, ndipo golovuyo imakhazikika pa botolo.
2. Ndiye kusiya vinyo mu chipinda chofunda, icho chidzasochera kwa masabata 2-3. Ngati njirayi ndi yolondola, galasi idzaloledwa ndipo idzakhalabe mu dziko lino mpaka siteji yoyera ikutha, ndipo vinyo wokha adzakwezedwa. Kamangidwe kake kamangothamangitsidwa - vinyo ndi wokonzeka kuchitapo kanthu.
3. Kenaka, muyenera mosamala kutsuka madzi mu mosamala otsukidwa mabotolo. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti dothi lisalowe mu vinyo pamodzi nawo. Ndi bwino kuchita izi mothandizidwa ndi chubu.
4. Pambuyo poyesa mabotolo ayenera kusungidwa mosamala ndi kuimika ndikuyika pamalo ozizira. Patapita mwezi umodzi vinyo ndi wokonzeka, ndipo ukhoza kuikidwa pa tebulo kuti mulawe, ndiyeno pa zikondwerero zonse.

Zotheka, alendo adzayamikira wanu vinyo mphesa yokhazikika. Momwe mungapangire izo ndi zomwe zikufunikira pa izi - iwo adzasangalala kuuza winemaker watsopano.

Kusiyana pa mutu wa vinyo

Kuwonjezera pa njira yachikhalidwe yokonzekera, pali njira ya vinyo mphesa ndi madzi. Ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi kawirikawiri, koma vinyo sichikoma. Kuti mupange chakumwa choyenera muyenera kuwerengera madzi ndi shuga poyerekeza ndi madzi a mphesa. Kwa makilogalamu 1 a zipatso mumayenera 1.5 malita a madzi ndi 0.7 kg shuga.

1. Mphesa ikapangidwa mu chisakanizo cha madzi ndi zamkati, muyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi shuga komanso kusakaniza bwino.
2. Siyani kuthirira kwa sabata, kuyambitsa tsiku lililonse 3-4 nthawi kuti zisawononge maonekedwe a nkhungu.
3. Kenaka madzi ayenera kusindikizidwa ndi kuzimitsidwa. Pamphepete mwa botolo imayikidwa pamagolovesi a zachipatala ndi zizindikiro zala zazing'ono, ndipo zonse zimakhala zofanana ndi njira ya vinyo.

Zinsinsi za kunyumba winemaking

Pofuna kupeza vinyo nthawi yoyamba, ndondomekoyi siidatopetsa, ndipo zotsatira zake sizinachititse manyazi, ndiyenera kudziwa ndi zinsinsi zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri winemaker.

• Madzi amatha kupezeka osati kutulutsa manja, komanso ndi kuthandizidwa ndi juicer.
• Mmalo mwa mabotolo, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mitsuko itatu yokha.
• Ngati palibe golovu yachipatala, kondomu ndi yabwino.
• Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumadalira kukoma ndi mphamvu ya vinyo, kotero mukusowa shuga wotsika kwa vinyo wouma, ndi zina zowonjezera.
• Kuti musunge vinyo wotalika, ndi bwino kuti muwatsanulire mu mabotolo a magalasi, osati mabotolo apulasitiki.
• Malo abwino kwambiri osungiramo vinyo ndi m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba.
• Kuti vinyo ukhale wonyezimira, musanawatsanulire m'mabotolo, ndibwino kuti muziika bentonite mwapadera.

Mwinanso, kupanga vinyo koyamba kudzatsatiridwa ndi wachiwiri, ndi wachitatu, ndi wachinayi. Pang'onopang'ono, njirayi idzakhala masakramenti apadera apachaka. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, mitundu yambiri ya vinyo wa nyumba idzakhazikitsidwa ndi mayesero ndi zolakwika. Kuwonjezera pa mphesa zamphesa, mitundu monga Lydia, Isabella, Nastya, Kesha ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga.

Kuwonjezera apo, vinyo akhoza kuphikidwa osati kokha kuchokera ku mphesa! Chakumwa choledzeretsa chapadera chingathe kupezeka ndi zitsamba zokometsera zonunkhira, okoma mabulosi akuda, maapulo okhwima, madzi obiriwira, madzi osakaniza. Danga la kulingalira ndi kuyesera ndi lalikulu.

Vinyo wokonzekera ndi wokoma kwambiri komanso othandiza kuti, mutayesa kamodzi, simudzafuna kugula mawonekedwe ake mu sitolo. Chilengedwe, zinthu zambiri zothandiza, kununkhira kwa Mulungu ndi kukoma kumakondana nanu kamodzi kokha ...