Nsomba banja la loaches (chithunzi)

Loaches amafalitsidwa padziko lonse, koma omangidwa. Apo iwo ali ku Central Asia, Europe (kupatula kumpoto), mu Africa ndi Southeast Asia. Creepers sapezeka Australia, ku America, mu mitsinje ya Ocean Arctic. Komabe, maganizo mowirikiza kusamuka, ndi zinthu angasinthe.

Madzi oyera nsomba Russia anatchula mwatsatanetsatane katswiri wotchuka popularizer za m'ma 19, LP Sabaneev. zizoloŵezi, moyo ndi ena mwa wonena za loaches tikudziwa pa ntchito yake.

Gawo

Loaches ndi gulu zambiri za carps. Nawonso banja Iwo agawidwa subfamilies atatu: vyunopodobnye, goltsopodobnye ndi botsiepodobnye. Ndi vyunopodobnym monga loach payekha, kuphatikizapo zotchuka kwambiri m'dziko lathu - wamba ndi spined. Goltsopodobnyh pafupifupi 15 genera; subfamily imasonyeza wamkulu "lotseguka kupanda tsankho": mamembala ena a gulu amakonda ozizira mofulumira madzi phiri mitsinje, ena (akhungu loach) - ataima mapanga madzi.

Botsiepodobnye creepers zili ponseponse mu Thailand, Indonesia ndi Vietnam. Ndi m'mayiko amenewa anapeza oimira oyambirira loaches. Botia ndi leptobotsii zikupezeka Ulaya Aquarium nsomba. The mtundu uli Botsiev wotchuka chisudzo, amene angapezeke pa sitolo iliyonse Pet. Banja lonse la loaches si kwambiri lambiri, koma ichthyologists kupitiriza kupeza mitundu yatsopano lero.

makhalidwe General

Loaches moyo ndi chakudya pafupi pansi. Mbali imeneyi anatsimikiza ndi maonekedwe a loach: onse m'banja ali ndi lengthened thupi, bruskovatoe kapena ribbonlike, nthawizina - pang'ono flattened mutu. loaches pakamwa ili pansi. Dorsal chipsyepsye yochepa. Mamba makamaka osaya kwambiri ndipo bwinobwino TACHIMATA ndi ntchofu oteteza thupi ku kuwonongeka loach. Komabe, palinso maliseche kwathunthu nsomba. Maso ang'onoang'ono. Mu mitundu ina, iwo ataphimbidwa ndi khungu mandala (kachiwiri, chitetezo). Amafuna khalidwe lililonse limaimira banja - ndi tinyanga. Pangakhale ku awiriawiri 3 mpaka 6. Nares loach ndi elongated machubu. Creepers ndi Botia kuti podglaznye spikes retractable. Jakisoni kukwera ndi zingachititse kutukusira. Podglazny kukwera - ndi ndi ogwira muyeso ndi mbalame zodya nyama.

Nsomba loaches banja sakonda kuwala ndipo adamulowetsa ndi Kukada. creepers Cacikulu lethargic ndi mobisa (iyi si ntchito kokha ena loaches). mamembala ambiri a banja ndi propensity kwa kuzikwirira m'matope kapena mchenga. Pali nyama iwo si nkhanu ang'ono ndi mphutsi, koma dikirani kunja mavuto - monga chilala.

Apa ndi Misgurnus fossilis, kapena wamba njoka yam'madzi. Photo amapereka bwino za malo ndevu chogwirika:

The njoka yam'madzi ambiri

Misgurnus fossilis, ukhala mwa madzi silty ndi madambo mitsinje m'mayiko ambiri European - wotchuka kwambiri m'banja. Sabaneev analemba kuti Russian asodzi iwo makamaka ananyalanyaza chifukwa kukula yaing'ono (pafupifupi 25 cm), ngakhale ena m'zigawo (mwachitsanzo, Minsk), njoka yam'madzi anali wotchuka ngati chokoma ndi mosavuta amasakaniza ndi msuzi. Mu Germany, anaganiza Brew mowa kapena vinyo wosasa. Komanso loach zouma kwa dzinja.

Ndipotu, njoka yam'madzi osati losaya, koma alibe wokongola: izo yokutidwa ndi ntchofu, ndi kutulutsidwa madzi, mwaphuma wriggling ndi kukuwa. Onse banja nsomba Cobitidae amatha kupuma mpweya mumlengalenga, mbewuzo mkamwa ndipo popitapita chigawo kumbuyo kwa intestine lapansi. Otsiriza, ndipo izo ndi wocheperapo ziwalo kupuma. Pamene mpweya akupita, iwo anamva phokoso enieni, ngati squeak ndi. Chifukwa kupuma m'mimba kwambiri creepers ndi yotheka iwo angathe kukhala kuposa sabata mu ndowa stale, ngati kuphimba udzu. Choncho, loach zambiri kuzisunga ntchito m'tsogolo ngati nyambo chifukwa lalikulu nsomba: mlamba, burbot, Pike, njoka yam'madzi.

mbali chidwi

Ndipotu, njoka yam'madzi ndi kwenikweni zokoma: nyama yake ndi yofewa, aliwonse mwamsanga kuphika. Asia (Japanese ndi Indonesia) osati ncho, koma ngakhale kawetedwe mitundu ina ya loaches chakudya. Ku Ulaya ndi loach loaches amakodwa pa nyambo (m'chilimwe) ndi misampha (m'nyengo yozizira). Nsomba banja loaches amakonda nyama chakudya: nkhanu zing'onozing'ono, caddis mphutsi, mazira, mphutsi molluscs. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, njoka yam'madzi uzigwirizana ndi udzudzu (kapena kani, mphutsi yawo): ngati kukumba dziwe pafupi nyumba yake ndi kuthetsa loach wake, akudwala tizilombo zosasangalatsa salinso kutero.

Ndipo potsiriza, loach chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga barometer a. Iye amakhudzidwa kwambiri kusintha kuthamanga mumlengalenga: amayandama pamwamba, mutuluka kuchokera mmadzi, ndi zambiri zinthu restlessly, lomwe ndi zachilendo kwa iye. Njoka yam'madzi ngakhale "kulosera" zivomezi.

loaches zosowa mu m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera

M'zaka za m'ma 19, zinadziwika yapamwamba kuti nsomba kunyumba, bungwe zisudzo ndi kugawana nzeru. Alimi anakhudzidwa wamba mtsinje nsomba Nawalanditsa iwo amakhala Moscow ndi St. Petersburg. Komabe, monga mukudziwa, Russia madzi oyera nsomba ndi ochepa. Aquarists ngati zosiyanasiyana zambiri. Choncho panali kufunika kwa nsomba zosowa. Koma creepers Asian anaonekera mu Russia mu theka lachiwiri la zana la 20. Woyamba anali akantoftalmusy (subfamily vyunopodobnye) ndi Botia (subfamily botsiepodobnye). Ngati asuweni ku Ulaya, "amwenye" zosiyana variegated mitundu khalidwe la nsomba pansi. The zosinthika ambiri zace - osakaniza (imvi) mawanga achikasu ndi wakuda kapena mikwingwirima.

Apa ndi mmene akantoftalmus, wormlike milozo njoka yam'madzi. Photography si zabwino, koma zizindikiro zonse loaches (variegated mtundu, masharubu, mawonekedwe thupi, lalifupi dorsal chipsyepsye) akupezeka:

Botsiya chisudzo

Wotchuka yokongola nsomba loaches - ndi botsiya chisudzo (dzina zikuoneka kuti ukugwirizana ndi yowala, "mokondwera" ochekenera milozo ndi khalidwe makina). Malo nsomba - zilumba za Kalimantan ndi Sumatra. chisudzo Thupi - mosayembekezeka lalifupi, yaying'ono kwa loach, oponya, ndi zipsepse triangular utoto. Childs, kutalika ndi osapitirira 17 masentimita kunja amafanana Nthabwala South America mlamba, Corydoras -. Chifukwa makhalidwe ofanana.

loaches awa ndi tinyanga ndi podglazny kukwera, iwo ndi omnivorous, mokondwera ndi mtendere. Ngakhale nsomba amathanso matumbo kupuma, iwo ali kuposa creepers European, malingana ndi ungwiro wa madzi ndi machulukitsidwe wake ndi mpweya. Komanso, iwo sangakhoze kuthetsa dera lawo, nsomba aukali (mwachitsanzo, cichlid), ndi mankhwala kuchitira mkuwa. Koma ambiri, loach chisudzo - wodzichepetsa nsomba.