Gulu la Natural Sciences

Vuto la gulu la sayansi ndi zovuta za njira kugawira amalanga m'magulu osiyana. Ntchito popanga dongosolo wathunthu amafuna nkhani za sayansi onse, kuphatikizapo zochititsa ntchito. Izi zimafunika ambiri mfundo wamba, pa maziko a omangapo gulu a.

nzeru za anthu zinthu zitatu: chidziwitso, muyankhe funso ili: kodi kuphunzira amaphunzira bwanji? ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kuphunzira? Pa nkhani imeneyi, pali atatu a dongosolo: chinthu-phunziro, methodological kafukufuku ndi othandiza-chandamale. Kugwirizana pakati pa iwo anatsimikiza ndi kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero zotengera malingaliridwe chigawo.

Monga ulamuliro, kalasi yoyamba ya classifications onse ndi sayansi. Iwo adjoined mathematized umboni ndi masamu, amene ali mwa masayansi, zosiyana pakati pawo pa phunziro (chinthu).

Gulu la Natural Sciences wakhala kuyambira nthawi zakale. Aristotle anagawa zinthu zonse mu ongolankhula, othandiza ndi ndakatulo. Koma chidziwitso yake inathera ano. Mark Varron anasankha galamala, apamwamba, dialectic, masamu, Masamu, nyimbo, nyenyezi, mankhwala ndi zomangamanga. Akatswiri Arab auzanso mu Arabic (apamwamba, poetics) komanso akunja (mankhwala, masamu, sayansi). Mu Middle Ages, Hugh wa St. Victor anagawa sayansi mu zothandiza ongolankhula, makina ndi zomveka. Rodzher Bekon anasankha mfundo, galamala, masamu, metaphysics, chikhalidwe, ndi nzeru za chilengedwe.

Science amaphunzira zinthu ndi zochitika za dziko anthu. gulu la makono a sayansi akadali kwenikweni makhalidwe pafupifupi ndipo akapanda kuonetsa chofunikira chenicheni cha zinthu. amalanga Scientific zidzasankhidwa amangosankha m'magulu awiri akuluakulu. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo sayansi (kumatanthauza kuphunzira zinthu ndi zochitika za chilengedwe, kapena kuti mbali ya dziko, amene si mankhwala a zochita za anthu. Gulu lachiwiri zikuphatikizapo zaumunthu amene amaphunzira chodabwitsa chifukwa cha ntchito yabwino.

Zinthu zachilengedwe ndi dongosolo mkati, ndiyo okha wapangidwa zinthu zing'onozing'ono. Pa mfundo imeneyi kusiyanitsa magulu a gulu la nkhani: dziko, miyala, zamoyo mapulaneti, sayansi, umagwirira. Pa nkhani imeneyi, gulu la sayansi zachilengedwe ukugawa iwo mu amalanga osiyana ofanana mayi kutchulidwa. Malinga ndi muyeso uwu wa nzeru lagawidwa zakuthambo, nthaka, zamoyo, zachilengedwe, sayansi ndi zimapangidwira. olamulidwa zino ali anawoloka ndi mzake, ili zimatiyika pafupi chidziwitso. Physics mu njira ya chitukuko wapeza ndi boma milingo kwambiri pulayimale, lomwe bungwe kanthu (mamolekyulu, maatomu, ndi zina particles pulayimale).

Pakuti sayansi otchuka mbali ndi iwo olekanitsidwa mzake. Mu maphunziro pakufunika nthawi zonse zambiri zokhudza zinthu zimenezi zitha anapereka mlingo wosiyana wa chidziwitso.

Gulu masanjidwe wa Natural Sciences kumasonyeza kuti anthu amene ali m'munsi zimatiyika pa makwerero, savuta akuluakulu. Komabe, chifukwa kuphweka nkhani anaphunzira (kanthu), akulangani izi anatha kudziunjikira mfundo zambiri ndi kulenga wolimba sayansi.

Gawo ili silingawafike sayansi masamu. Ndipo popanda n'zosatheka, palibe ano enieni sayansi. Mfundo yakuti Masamu pakokha m'njira zonse za sayansi yeniyeni, chifukwa zilibe maphunziro ndi zinthu zenizeni dziko ndi chilengedwe. Bukuli lili ndi malamulo wa munthu masamu.