Hans Albert Einstein - mwana woyamba wa Albert Einstein ndi Mileva Marich: biography

Hans Albert Einstein ndi mwana wachiwiri wa mmodzi mwa akatswiri a sayansi yafikiliya kwambiri m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi limodzi - Albert Einstein, yemwe anasintha kwambiri maganizo a sayansi ya chilengedwe chonse.

Bambo

Albert Einstein anabadwa pa March 15, 1987 m'banja lachiyuda, amene ankakhala panthawiyo m'tawuni yaing'ono ya ku Germany ya Ulm. Bambo ake Herman anali ndi zipilala zogwiritsa ntchito mapiko ndi mathalasi okhala ndi nthenga. Amayi a Albert anali mwana wamkazi wamalonda wotchuka mumzindawu.

Mu 1880, banja la Einstein linasamukira ku Munich. Pano, bambo a Albert, pamodzi ndi mbale wake Jacob, anatsegula malonda ang'onoang'ono ogulitsa zipangizo zamagetsi. Ku Munich, Albert anali ndi mlongo Maria. Mumzinda womwewu, mnyamatayo anapita koyamba kusukulu. Iwo anachezeredwa ndi ana a Akatolika. Malinga ndi zimene ananena asayansi, ali ndi zaka 13, anasiya zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo ndipo anayamba kugwirizana ndi sayansi. Zonse zomwe zinanenedwa m'Baibulo sizinaonekenso kwa iye. Anayamba kupanga ngati munthu, osakayikira chilichonse, kuphatikizapo ulamuliro.

Malingaliro omveka kwambiri a ubwana, omwe Albert anali nawo moyo, ndi kampasi ndi ntchito ya "Beginnings" ya Euclid.

Mayi adatsindika kuti mtsogoleri wa Nobel adzalumikizana ndi nyimbo. Albert anayamba kusewera ndi violin ndipo anatengedwa ndi izo. Kulakalaka nyimbo kunakhalabe ndi iye pa moyo. Ali ndi zaka zakula, ali ku United States, asayansi adachita nawo msonkhano kwa anthu ochokera ku Germany. Anayambitsa zolemba za Mozart pa violin.

Mu 1894, banja la Einstein linasamukira ku tawuni yaing'ono ya Pavia pafupi ndi Milan. Pano, kuchokera ku Munich, anasamutsidwa ndikupanga kupanga.

Mu 1895 wasayansi wamtsogolo anadza ku Switzerland. M'dziko lino adafuna kulowa sukulu kuti akhale mphunzitsi wa sayansi. Komabe, Albert sakanatha kudutsa mayeso pa botani. Kenaka mnyamata wamng'onoyo anapita kukaphunzira ku tauni ya sukulu ya Arau. Apa iye anatengedwa ndi kuphunzira kwa malemba a Maxwell a magetsi.

Malo otsatirawa kuti adziŵe zam'tsogolo za Nobel ndi Polytechnic ya Zurich. Pano anakumana ndi Grossman wa masamu. Apa anakumana ndi mkazi wake wamtsogolo - Milev Marich.

Diploma ya Polytechnic inaperekedwa kwa Albert Einstein mu 1900, komabe sanathe kupeza ntchito yamuyaya payekha. Kuti apulumuke ndi kudyetsa banja, tsogolo la Nobel liyenera kukhala wogwira ntchito ku bungwe lovomerezeka. Panthawi yake yopanda malire, sanasiye kuchita nawo masayansi.

Mu 1903, bambo ake a Albert anamwalira. M'chaka chomwecho, adalembetsa ubale wake ndi Mileva Marich.

Kubwera kwa mphamvu kwa Hitler kunamukakamiza Albert kuchoka ku Germany. Iye anasamukira ku America, kumene anakhala pulofesa ku University of Princeton. Wasayansi wamkulu wa chilengedwe anamwalira mu 1955. Chifukwa chake cha imfa yake ndi aortic aneurysm.

Mayi

Mileva Marich ndi mkazi woyamba wa Albert Einstein. Iye anali wa Chiserbia mwa kubadwa, wobadwira ku Hungary. Uyu ndi mtsikana yekha amene adaphunzira ku Zurich Polytechnic School.

Mileva Marich anali wamkulu kuposa Albert Einstein kwa zaka zitatu ndi theka. Komabe, izi sizinaletse chikondi chawo. Atangodziwana, achinyamatawo anayamba kukwatirana. Kwa anthu ozungulira iwo, mgwirizano woterewu unkawoneka ngati wodabwitsa. Ndipotu, Einstein wamng'onoyo anali wosiyana ndi chithumwa chodabwitsa, chokongola komanso momasuka. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, Mileva anali wonyansa. Chiwombankhanga chake chophwanyikacho chinasokonezedwa ndi chiwombankhanga ndi chiwombankhanga chomwe chinayambira pambuyo poti mafupa a chifuwa cha TB adasamutsidwa. Koma pa nthawi yomweyi Mileva adali ndi luso la masamu, adali ndi nzeru zakuya. Ndipo popeza analibe khalidwe lodzilemekeza kwambiri akuluakulu akuluakulu, adamufikitsa pafupi ndi Albert.

Komanso, achinyamata adakonda nyimbo ndi zakudya zabwino. N'kofunikanso kuti Mileva adzikhala bwino kwambiri. N'kutheka kuti Einstein mosadziwa anafunafuna mkazi yemwe angamuchotsere mavuto a pakhomo. Ndipotu, mogwirizana ndi kukumbukira kwa anzanu, monga wophunzira, Albert sakanatha kuganizira za nkhawa za tsiku ndi tsiku. Milev, mosiyana ndi iye, anali munthu wothandiza, womwe unakumbutsa Einstein wa amayi ake.

Ukwati wa Hans makolo

Ukwati wake waumwini Einstein sanabisale. Makolo ake amadziwanso za iye. Koma iwo sanapatse mwana wawo chilolezo cha ukwatiwo. Mayi a Albert ankaganiza kuti Milev anali wonyansa komanso woipa, ndipo bamboyo ankafuna kuti mpongozi wake akhale mtsikana wokhala ndi Ayuda okha.

Chirichonse chinasintha pambuyo Herman Einstein akudwala. Poganizira mwana wake, adakalibe wodalitsa ukwati wake. Ndipo pa 601.1903, anyamatawa anakhala mwamuna ndi mkazi, akulumikiza ubale wawo ku Bern.

Mwana woyamba

Hans Albert Einstein sanaonepo mlongo wake. Iye anabadwa mu 1902, pamene makolo ake anali pabanja. Mwana wapathengo amatha kusokoneza ntchito ya sayansi yachinyamata wamng'ono. Ndipo, pokhala ndi pakati, Mileva anapita kwa makolo ake. Pano, ku Hungary, iye anabala mwana wamkazi wa Lieserl. Kuti munthu asaphunzire za mwana wapathengo, msungwanayo anapatsidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti akulekerere makolo kuti abereke.

Milev analonjeza kuti sadzafunafuna mwana wamkazi koma sadzakumana naye. Malingana ndi zina, mtsikanayo sanakhale ndi moyo kwautali. Ali khanda, anapeza chimfine chofiira kwambiri ndipo anamwalira. Einstein sanamuone mwana wake wamkazi ndipo sanamuuze aliyense za iye.

Mwana wa katswiri

Pa 14.05.1904 Hans Albert Einstein anabadwa . Mbiri ya mnyamatayo inayamba ku Bern. Misewu ya mumzindawu inamuyendetsa bambo wake wokondwa, yemwe, podziwa za kubadwa kwa mwana wake, adayamba kumpsompsona mkazi ndi mwana wake.

Mwana woyamba wa Einstein anali wokondedwa kwambiri ndi makolo ake. Malingana ndi kukumbukira kwa mabwenzi a sayansi yambiri, nthawi zambiri ankamuwona Albert, yemwe ankanyamula mapepala olembedwa pambali imodzi, ndipo wachiŵiri anagwedeza galimotoyo ndi mwana wogona.

Tsogolo la mwana wamwamuna wachiwiri

Mu 1910 m'banja la Einstein anabadwa mwana wina - Edward. Iye anali ndi luso lapamwamba la nyimbo. Komabe, mwana wachiwiri wa sayansi anali wopweteka kwambiri, ndipo ali ndi zaka 20, atatha kusokonezeka kwa mantha, adapezeka kuti ali ndi schizophrenia. Panthaŵi ina, Eduard Einstein anali kuyang'aniridwa ndi amayi ake. Koma patangopita nthawi pang'ono Mileva anaika mwana wake kuchipatala cha maganizo.

Albert Einstein, yemwe panthawiyo anali atasudzula mkazi wake, sanadabwe konse ndi matenda a mwana wake wamwamuna, yemwe ankatchedwa "Tetel" kapena "Tete". Mfundo ndi yakuti mlongo wa Mileva anadwala schizophrenia. Edward Einstein nthawi zambiri ankachita mwanjira yomwe yasonyezeratu kukhalapo kwa matendawa. Komabe, lingaliro lina linagwiridwa ndi mwana wamkulu wamasayansi wamkulu. Hans Albert Einstein ankakhulupirira kuti chiwonongeko chomaliza cha psyche cha mchimwene wake chinali chifukwa cha mankhwala otchuka m'masiku amenewo pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi.

Albert Einstein anasamukira ku US chaka chimodzi kuchokera pamene a Tete anatumizidwa kuchipatala cha matenda a maganizo. Ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, kuyankhulana ndi ana ake kunali kochepa chabe ndi makalata. Edward anatumiza bambo ake uthenga wosasangalatsa koma wochokera pansi pamtima. Mwachitsanzo, m'modzi mwa iwo, asayansi anayerekezera anthu ndi nyanja, akunena kuti akhoza kukhala ochezeka komanso olandiridwa, komanso ovuta komanso ovuta.

Mayi ake atamwalira mu 1948, Eduard Einstein anali m'mudzi wapafupi ndi Zurich, komwe ankatetezedwa ndi Dr. Henry Miley. Anakhala ndi Tete kuchokera kwa m'busa wa m'derali ndipo pang'onopang'ono anayamba kulankhulana ndi anthu Eduard ngakhale anayamba kupeza ndalama mwa kulemba maadiresi mu ma envulopu pa malangizo a kampani ina.

Komabe, patapita kanthawi, mleziyo adasamukira kwa mayi wamasiye wa katswiri yemwe amakhala kunja kwa Zurich. Izi zinaipitsa maganizo a Edward. Mu 1954, wasayansi wamkulu anakana kukhudzana ndi mwana wake wamng'ono kwambiri. Iye adalongosola zochita zake motsimikiza kuti makalatawa anali ovuta kwa onsewa.

Mu 1965 Edward anamwalira. Malingana ndi mmodzi wa ofufuza, iye anaphedwa mwa chikondi kwa anzako, chomwe chinali cholemetsa chosaneneka kwa iye.

Kusudzulana kwa makolo

Kuchokera mu 1912, ubale wa Albert ndi Milev wakhala wovuta kwambiri. Izi zinali chifukwa cha changu cha msuweni wa sayansi Elsa Levental. Mu 1914 Marich adatsalira ndi ana ake ku Zurich, atalandira kuchokera kwa mkazi wake kuti adzionetsetsa kuti banja lawo likhale lokonzekera pachaka pa Reichsmarks 5,600. Kusudzulana kwapabanja kwa banjali kunaperekedwa pa February 14, 1919.

Pakati pa Einstein ndi Maric chinali mgwirizano. Anapereka mwayi wopititsa kwa mkazi wakale wa gawo la ndalama za Nobel Mphoto zomwe asayansi anayembekezera. Ndalama zimatanthawuza kuti Albert Einstein adzalandira, anawo amayenera kuchitapo kanthu. Marich anapitirizabe kulandira chidwi.

Moyo pambuyo pa kusudzulana kwa makolo

Mu June 1919, wasayansi anabwera ku Zurich, komwe ankakhala nthawi ndi ana ake. Mwana wa Albert Einstein, Hans anapita ndi bambo ake ulendo waulendo pamphepete mwa Nyanja ya Constance, ndipo Edward yemwe ankakonda zachilengedwe anapita ku Arosa, kumene anachipatala.

Mileva ndi ana ake anali kukhala m'mavuto aakulu kwambiri. Komabe, mu 1922, atalandira Nobel Mphoto kwa mwamuna wake wakale, adapeza nyumba zitatu ku Zurich. Mmodzi mwa iwo Marich anasamukira kukakhala ndi ana ake, ndipo ena awiriwo anali ngati ndalama za nthawi yaitali. Komabe, zonse zidasintha atatha Eduard atapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda aakulu. Nyumba ziwiri Mileva anayenera kugulitsa. Ndalama zonse zinapita kukaperekera chithandizo cha mwana wake kuchipatala cha ku yunivesite ku Zurich. Pofuna kuti asatayike nyumbayi, mayiyu adasamutsira ufulu wake kwa mwamuna wakale yemwe adakwaniritsa udindo wake wosinthanitsa ndi ndalama zothandizira banja lawo.

Ntchito ya mwana wamkulu wamasayansi wamkulu

Hans Albert Einstein anasankha kutsatira mapazi a makolo ake. Pochita izi, adalandira diploma kuchokera ku Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ku Zurich, kumene anamaliza maphunziro ake mu 1926. Kenaka, kwa zaka zinayi, adagwira ntchito yokonza pa mlatho womwe unamangidwa ku Dortmund. Kale m'chaka cha 1936, Hans Albert adatetezera dokotala wake, atalandira digiri yake.

Kusamuka

Albert Einstein adathawa kuchoka ku Germany, ndipo adalangiza kuchita chimodzimodzi kwa mwana wake wamkulu. Mu 1938, Hans Albert Einstein anachoka ku Switzerland ndipo anasamukira ku South Carolina, mumzinda wa Greenville. Kumeneku anali kugwira ntchito monga injiniya wopanga magetsi ku Dipatimenti ya Zamalonda ku United States. Kukula kwa ntchito zake kunaphatikizapo kuphunzira za dothi. Ntchito mu Dipatimentiyi inayamba kuchokera mu 1938 mpaka 1943.

Kuyambira mu 1947, Hans Albert Einstein ndi pulofesa wothandizira pa yunivesite ya California Hydraulic ku Berkeley. Koma pa izi ntchito yake sinathe. Pambuyo pake anakhala pulofesa waulemu pa yunivesite yomweyo.

Pokhala katswiri wodziwa bwino kwambiri m'munda wake, Hans Albert adayenda padziko lonse lapansi. Iye nthawi zonse ankakhala nawo mu misonkhano ya hydrotechnical ya magulu osiyanasiyana ngakhale pambuyo pa 1971, pamene iye anali atapuma pantchito. Pa imodzi mwa zokambiranazi ku Woodshall, Mass., Hans Albert Einstein nayenso anali mu 1973, ndipo pa July 26 adamwalira ndi matenda a mtima.

Mphoto

Hans Albert anapatsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha ntchito yamagetsi ndi kuphunzira pansi m'munsi:

- Guggenheim ophunzira (mu 1953);

- mphoto za sayansi za American Society of Civil Engineers (mu 1959 ndi 1960);

- Certificate of Honor kuchokera ku Dipatimenti ya Ulimi ya US (mu 1971);

- mphoto ya University of California (mu 1971);

- kalata yodziŵika kwa zaka zoposa 20 za utumiki wosadalirika ndi wopatulira kuchokera ku American Society of Mechanical Engineers (mu 1972).

Moyo waumwini

Pambuyo pa chisudzulo cha makolo, ubale pakati pa Hans Albert ndi bambo ake unangowonjezereka. Mwanayo adatsutsa wasayansi wamkulu kuti adaika Milev muvuto lalikulu lachuma, kumupatsa chidwi chokha cha Nobel Prize.

Kusagwirizana pakati pa mwana ndi bambo kunakhala kozama kwambiri pambuyo pa asayansi wamkulu atatsutsa ukwati wa Hans mpaka Fred Knecht. Msungwanayo anali wamkulu kuposa mnyamata kwazaka zitatu. Komanso, malinga ndi Einstein, mkuluyo, panalibe chokongola mmenemo. Wasayansi anatemberera mgwirizano woterewu, kumutsutsa Frida wachinyengo ndi kuzunzidwa kwa mwana wake. Atalephera kukangana ndi mnyamata wina Albert Einstein anayamba kuwapempha kuti asakhale ndi ana, kotero kuti asamangokhalira kukakamiza kusudzulana.

Kuyanjanitsa pakati pa bambo ndi mwana sanabwere ngakhale pa moyo wawo ku United States. Iwo akhala akulekana nthawizonse. Pambuyo imfa ya wasayansi wamkulu, mwana wake sanatengepo kanthu.

Ngakhale kuti anakangana ndi bambo ake, mu 1927, Fried Knecht adakwatirana ndi Hans Albert Einstein. Moyo wake wapangidwa bwino. Ndi mkazi uyu adali pamodzi mpaka imfa yake mu 1958. Mkazi wamasiye, anakwatira kachiwiri. Mkazi wake anali Elizabeth Robose.

Hans ndi Frida anali ndi ana atatu. Komabe, m'modzi mwa iwo adapulumuka kufikira wamkulu. Bernhard Caesar Einstein (10.07.1930 - September 30, 2008) anali katswiri wa sayansi. Banjali linalinso ndi mwana wamkazi, Evelyn. Anamwalira mu 2011 mu umphawi wadzaoneni.

Hans Albert anali woyenda panyanja. Kawirikawiri ndi anzako ndi banja lake, adapita ku San Francisco. Mwana wamasayansi wamkulu ankakonda kujambula zithunzi. Nkhani zake za sayansi, adawerenganso kugwiritsa ntchito kujambula. Mofanana ndi bambo ake, Hans ankakonda nyimbo ndipo ankatha kuimba chitoliro ndi piyano. Izi zikutchulidwa pa manda ake.