Hot mawanga. mfundo Map otentha dziko

Masiku ano, ena amaona kuti nkhondo zonse zoopsa anali kutali kale. Koma izi siziri choncho. Ngakhale kuti, malinga ndi kafukufuku m'zaka XXI chifukwa cha ntchito asilikali amene anapha anthu yochepa kwambiri kuposa m'nthawi zakale, ikufalikira mawanga otentha mu madera osiyana a dziko lathuli. nkhondo, mavuto asilikali - mwina anthu sadzamva anagona pansi zida zawo.

Hot pa dziko - ziri monga mabala akale, onse zimene sizikhoza konse kuchiza. Kwa kanthawi mikangano ndi kuchepa mphamvu, koma ndiye kachiwiri, ndipo umayamba, kubweretsa akukumana ndi mavuto adzaoneni. The International Crisis Gulu m'madera mawanga otentha pa dziko zingaononge dziko pakali pano.

Iraq

Panali mikangano pakati pa "State Chisilamu la Iraq ndi Levant" (LIH) ndi asilikali aboma, komanso chipembedzo ndi mafuko ena a dziko. Choncho, zigawenga anagamula igil kuti akupita kulenga m'madera a Siriya ndi Iraq ndi boma Chisilamu - ndi Caliphate. Kumene, boma panopa satsutsa.

Komabe, pakadali kukumanizana zigaŵenga sangathe. Hot nkhondo kufika ikufalikira kudutsa dziko, ndi LIH caliphate kuwonjezera malire ake. Lero ndi yaikulu m'dera la Baghdad ku malire a mzinda wa Suriya Aleppo. Asilikali a boma panopa analephera kumasula zigawenga kuchokera m'mizinda ikuluikulu awiri - Udzha ndi Tikrit.

Zovuta zinthu za dziko ntchito kudziyimira pawokha wa aku Iraq Kurdistan. Pa ntchito amanyansidwa LIH Kurds anagwira mphamvu pa mbali zikuluzikulu za mafuta kupanga. Ndipo lero iwo analengeza kukachititsa referendum ndi secession ku Iraq.

Gaza Mzere

The Gaza Mzere ndi pa mndandanda wa malo otentha kwa nthawi yaitali. Kukangana pakati pa Isiraeli ndi Palestina gulu Hamas chinalimba mobwerezabwereza kwa zaka zambiri. chifukwa chachikulu - ndi kusafuna pamagulu kumvera mfundo ya wina ndi mzake.

Choncho, Israel linayamba ntchito asilikali kuwononga zomangamanga mwa ngalandezi mobisa ndi malo ndi kuzichepetsa zida Palestina nyaze kuteteza zigawenga ku pomenyana gawo Israeli. Hamas komanso umafuna kuchotsa anatseka misewu zachuma wa Gaza Mzere ndi kumasula omangidwa kundende.

Chifukwa mwamsanga Kumenyana kuti tsopano kufalitsidwa mu Gaza Mzere, imfa ya achinyamata atatu Israeli, ndipo poyankha izo - kupha Sitefano Palestinians. Ndipo July 17, 2014 anayamba zonse nkhondo: lankhosa akasinja, miyala anawulukira.

kangapo pa nthawi imeneyi chipani apanga ndi osayanjanitsika, koma onse akufuna kukambirana kapena sizinathandize. Chikudziwikabe amaphulika mabomba, kupha anthu, ndi atolankhani mu mabacteria nkhondo kupanga zifanizo ngati kuti kuyang'ana wowopsa ...

Syria

Nkhondo ku Syria kunabuka pambuyo boma kwambiri mumtima zitsanzo chitsutso inayamba pansi pa mothandizidwa ndi "Arab Spring." asilikali kumenyana boma lamulo la Assad ndi Mgwirizano wa asilikali Siriya zida zachititsa kuti nkhondo woona. Iwo zakhudza pafupifupi dziko lonse: 1500 magulu ( "Al-Nusra Front", LIH, etc.) olumikizidwa kwa nkhondo, oposa 100 zikwi nzika nkhondo. The wamphamvu komanso woopsa kwambiri anayamba Islamists kwakukulu.

Hot mawanga ndi momwazikanamwazikana dziko lero. Ndipotu, Syria ndi m'manja mwa zosiyanasiyana magulu a zigaŵenga. Ambiri mwa dziko chibwenzi, olamulidwa ndi asilikali a boma. North State kwathunthu analanda omenyana LIH. Ngakhale m'madera ena Kurds kufunabe kuti ayambenso gawo. Suli kutali likulu, zigawenga anapita gulu lotchedwa "Chisilamu Front". Ndipo mu mzinda wa Aleppo ndi skirmishes pakati pa magulu ankhondo a Assad ndi chitsutso zolimbitsa.

Sudan South

dziko lagawidwa awiri otsutsanawa mgwirizano mafuko - Nuer ndi Dinka. Nuer ndi anthu osakhala a boma, iwo imakhudzanso pulezidenti pano. Dinky - achiwiri kukula pakati pa mitundu ya Sudan South.

Pankhondoyi kunabuka pambuyo Pulezidenti Sudanese anauza anthu kuti wachiwiri wake, wachiwiri kwa mtsogoleri, anayesa kuti tifulumizane kulanda boma la dzikolo. Atangotha kulankhula mu dziko anayamba zipolowe, zionetsero kumangidwa ambiri. Complete owonongedwa ndi disorganization n'kukhala nkhondo yeniyeni asilikali.

Lero, malo mafuta yotulutsa wa dziko - mawanga otentha. Iwo ali pansi pa ulamuliro wa opandukawo, kutsogozedwa ndi prezidenti manyazi. Izi ali kungasokoneze pa chigawo chuma ndi Sudan. Lowonongeka ndi anthu mtendere wa dziko: kuposa zikwi khumi akuvutika mazana zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri anakakamizika kuthaŵa kwawo. Kuti mwanjira kuthetsa mikangano, ndi UN watumiza Sudan Kumwera okhazikitsa mtendere wake chimadalira, amene anali kutumikira monga chitetezo kwa anthu wamba.

M'chaka cha 2014, mabungwe oona za nkhondo anali kuyesera kuti abwere kwa mfundo zina. Komabe, mtsogoleri wopandukayo ali anavomera poyera kuti anali yosayenera kulamulira opandukawo. Komanso, zokambirana mtendere kupewedwa mphamvu Uganda kuchita mbali ya Pulezidenti Sudanese.

Nigeria

Mu dziko umagwira ntchito ndi zigawenga gulu Chisilamu wotchedwa "Boko haram" kuyambira 2002. Cholinga chachikulu kuti titsatire - ndi kukhazikitsa mu Nigeria malamulo Sharia. Komabe, akuluakulu komanso ambiri nzika za "maganizo" ogonjera Mulungu mu dziko sindiwo ambiri.

Popeza gulu wake woyamba ali kukodzedwa kukopa kwake, zida ndi bwino ndipo anayamba poyera kuti aphe Akristu ndi Asilamu amene ali okhulupirika kwa iye anaimikalo. Zigawenga kuchita zigawenga tsiku ndi tsiku ndi anthu anaphedwa poyera. Komanso, iwo nthawi kutenga Anagwiranso. Mu April 2014, Islamists mu ukapolo anali pasukulu oposa mazana awiri. Iwo iwo dipo, komanso uhule ndi malonda ku ukapolo.

Boma mobwerezabwereza anayesa kukambirana ndi zigawenga, koma palibe zokambirana analephera. Masiku ano, m'madera onse a dziko ali pansi pa mphamvu ya magulu. Ndipo akuluakulu amalephera kuthana ndi vutolo. Purezidenti wa Nigeria ali kupempha thandizo la ndalama kuchokera ku mabungwe kuti kusintha nkhondowo imapanga asilikali dziko, pa mphindi kutaya zinthu monyanyira.

dera inapululuka

mavuto inayamba mu 2012, pamene chifukwa ntchito asilikali zikuchitika mu Libya, ndi gawo la Mali Tuareg massively anasefukira. Kumpoto kwa dziko iwo anapanga boma wotchedwa Azawad. Komabe, Pasanathe chaka breakaway Mphamvu anakantha chiwembu asilikali. Anapezerapo mwayi pa zimenezi, France anatumiza asilikali m'dziko la Mali - kuthandiza kumenya Tuaregs ndi kwakukulu Islamists amene kulamulira deralo. Ambiri, lero inapululuka wakhala chimake cha malonda a akapolo, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, malonda manja ndi uhule.

mikangano asilikali zinachititsa kuti njala yaikulu. Malinga ndi bungwelo anthu oposa khumi m'chigawo akhala opanda chakudya, ndipo ngati zinthu osati kuthetsa mapeto a 2014 chithunzi ichi chidzachulukira miliyoni asanu. Komabe, palibe kusintha kwa bwino pamaso: magawo a Mali mu Nkhondo pachimake pakati pa boma, France, ndi Tuareg ndi zigawenga. Ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti boma salinso Azawad.

Mexico

Mu Mexico, zaka zoposa khumi zapita atasemphana yosatha pakati cartels m'dera mankhwala. aboma konse, chifukwa iwo anali oipa. Ndipo icho sichinali chinsinsi aliyense. Komabe, pamene mu 2006, Pulezidenti Felipe Calderón asankha, zinthu zinasintha. Mutu watsopano wa dziko waganiza kamodzi kwa nthawi zonse kusintha zinthu zilili ndi anatumiza asilikali ndi mmodzi wa limati kuthana ndi upandu ndi kubwezeretsa lamulo. Kodi zabwino sikunapange. asilikali Kukangana boma ndi zigawenga kuthetsa nkhondo, limene pamapeto inali dziko lonse.

Mu zaka eyiti kuyambira nkhondo anayamba cartels mankhwala apeza mphamvu, mphamvu ndi kwambiri kukodzedwa malire ake. Ngati iwo anali kumenyana pakati pawo kwa kuchuluka ndi khalidwe la narkoproduktsii, lero iwo woikira misewu, madoko ndi midzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Pansi pa ulamuliro wa Mafia anali misika zida, uhule, mankhwala achinyengo. asilikali boma bwino kutaya nkhondoyi. Ndipo chifukwa kuti - chivundi. Iwo ubwera chakuti ambiri asilikali chabe kumbali ya cartels mankhwala. M'madera ena, anthu a m'deralo komanso zionetsero za Mafia: iwo anapanga bungwe militias. Anthu amenewa afuna kuonetsa kuti mwamtheradi sakhulupirira akuluakulu kapena ngakhale apolisi a m'derali.

Hot chapakati mfundo Asian

Mavuto dera amalenga Afghanistan nkhondo, zomwe si kuchepa kwa zaka zambiri, komanso Uzbekistan, Tajikistan ndi Kyrgyzstan, amene anayamba kuchita mikangano Kupititsa ndi mzake. Chifukwa china mikangano zonse m'chigawo - waukulu mankhwala loba mu kum'mawa kwa dziko lapansi. Chifukwa cha iye nthawi zonse anakumana m'dera magulu a zigawenga.

Zinaoneka kuti pambuyo kuchotsedwa nkhondo awo Afghanstan America, dziko potsiriza kubwera m'maganizo. Koma zinatha yaitali. Pambuyo pa chisankho cha Pulezident panali zambiri disaffected, amene sanafune kuvomereza voti kukhala oyenera. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu mu dziko, ndi gulu la zigaŵenga, "ndi Taliban" anayamba yolanda likulu la Afghanistan.

Zima 2014 Tajikistan ndi Kyrgyzstan anachita mikangano dera lawo, limodzi ndi nkhondo m'madera malire. Tajikistan ananena kuti Kyrgyzstan linaphwanya malire alipowa. Chikigizi boma nawonso mlandu wa chomwecho. Kuyambira kugwa kwa Soviet Union pakati pa nthawi mayiko awiri kwa nthawi pali mikangano za lakuti panopa malire, ndi bwino anapambulwa kapena ayi. Mtsutsano anathyola ndi Uzbekistan, kale kupereka zonena zawo. funso ali yemweyo: akuluakulu samagwirizana ndi malire, zomwe zinapangidwa pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR. States nthawi zambiri anayesa mwanjira kuthetsa vutolo, koma kuti mgwilizano ndi njira yeniyeni funso sanabwere. Pa nthawi, m'mlengalenga mu dera ndi yomangika kwambiri, ndipo nthawi iliyonse mukhoza kuwasandutsa nkhondo.

China ndi mayiko a m'dera

Masiku ano, Paracel Islands - ndi dziko mawanga vuto. Chiyambi cha nkhondo ndi chakuti Chinese kuti inaimitsidwa chitukuko cha zitsime pafupi chilumbachi. Izi si monga Vietnam ndi Philippines, amene anatumizidwa kwa asilikali Hanoi. Kusonyeza mtima Chinese vutolo, asilikali a mayiko onse anasewera mpira masewera kwambiri pa Spratly zilumba. Izi iwo anamutcha mkwiyo Beijing pafupi zilumba adatsutsana Zombo Zankhondo Chinese anaonekera. Popanda ndeu nthawi yomweyo sikunali ku Beijing. Komabe, việt Nam ananena kuti Zombo Zankhondo ndi mbendera Chinese anamira kuposa wina nsomba chotengera. Recriminations ndi atamunamizira kuti nthawi chifukwa nthawi iliyonse kuti ndege ya roketi a.

Hot mawanga mu Ukraine

Mavuto ku Ukraine inayamba mu November a 2013. Pambuyo Crimea chilumba mu March, tinasamukira la Russia, anakhala wamphamvu. Sankasangalala ndi zinthu mu dziko, olimbikitsa ovomereza-Russia anapanga Ukraine a East Donetsk ndi Republic Luhansk anthu. Boma, kutsogozedwa ndi pulezidenti watsopano Poroshenko, anatumiza asilikali ndi Odzipatula a. Pomenyana zinachitika pa malo Donbass (hotspots mapu pansipa).

M'chaka cha 2014 pa dera la Donbass olamulidwa ndi Odzipatula, anali chinawonongeka m'chombo ku Malaysia. Anapha anthu 298. Chiyukireniya boma mlandu tsoka ili zigaŵenga DNI ndi LC, komanso Russian mbali ankati kupereka zida opanduka, ndipo dongosolo mpweya chitetezo chimene kunagwa ngalawa. Komabe, DNR ndi LNR anakana okhudzidwa mu ngozi. Russia ananenanso izo ziribe kanthu kochita ndi nkhondo ku Ukraine, ndi imfa zapamadzi lapansi.

September 5 Minsk zinasaina ceasefire pangano zinachititsa ndewu kwambiri dziko chidatha. Komabe, m'madera ena (mwachitsanzo, Donetsk ndege), shelling ndi mabomba ali kupitirirabe.

hotspots Russia

Pakali pano, ku Russia ntchito asilikali si kuchitikira, ndipo palibe mawanga otentha. Komabe, kuyambira kugwa kwa Soviet Union pa malire a dziko lathu mobwerezabwereza mudakhumudwapo mikangano. Choncho, mfundo yotentha wa khumi Russia - zoona, Chechnya, ndi North Caucasus ndi South Ossetia.

Mpaka 2009, Chechnya ali ndi malo okhazikika ntchito: woyamba woyamba Chechen nkhondo (1994 kufika 1996), kenako chachiwiri Chechen nkhondo (1999 kufika mu 2009). Mu August 2008 panali Chijojiya-Ossetian nkhondo, omwe anali nawo asilikali Russian. Kumenyana anayamba pa August 8, ndipo patapita masiku asanu zinachititsa kusaina pangano mtendere.

Today asilikali Russian pali njira ziwiri kufika malo otentha: asilikali ndi mgwirizano utumiki. Malinga ndi kusinthidwa anapangidwa kwa zinthu zoyendetsera usilikali, moti ankaweruzidwa zikhoza kutumizidwa kwa mawanga mavuto pambuyo pa miyezi inai ya maphunziro (pamaso akuti anali miyezi isanu ndi umodzi).

Mu mgwirizano, malo otentha akhoza kufika ndi kusainira pangano lofanana ndi dziko. mgwirizano uwu wapangidwa kokha pa maziko zaufulu ndi amodzi akuti, zomwe nzika ya ayenera kutumikira. mgwirizano utumiki kumakopa anthu ambiri chifukwa izi zikhoza kupanga ndalama zambiri. Ndalama ikhoza kusintha kutengera zigawo. Mwachitsanzo, mu Kosovo analipira 36 zikwi pamwezi, ndipo Tajikistan - zochepa. ndalama Big akhoza udachita kuti chiopsezo ku Chechnya.

Pamaso kusainira mgwirizanowo abale kulandira kusankha okhwima, kuyambira ndi kuyezetsa kompyuta ofotokoza pa malo a Unduna wa silikhali, kutsiriza ndi Kupenda zonse za umoyo, psyche, macheke, malamulo ndipo kukhulupirika.