BDK "Rhinoceros": Project 1174

Mavuto ndi mwa kundipatsako kwa French kumenya kalasi "Mistral" zombo zachititsa kuti boma la Russia kuganizira anaiyamba yogula. Popeza kuti mphamvu ndi kuphana kwa BDK pang'ono machesi Naval Chiphunzitso cha la Russia. Kale pa nthawi ya kusintha akufuna ndipo pambuyo oyeretsa Russian anali ophunzitsidwa chifukwa tikukonza zida zitsanzo kunja, anayamba kukayikira moyenera ntchito zawo. Amanena mmene awo zothandiza kwambiri kutsatira - kaya ngati tabletop zombo ulamuliro, kapena zipatala akuyandama. Apa ndi anakumbukira awiri BDK Project 1174 "Rhinoceros" ( "Mitrofan Moskalenko" ndi "Alexander Nikolayev") mu malo kwa zaka zambiri. Mwina ngati kukumba wabwino ndi scrape "pansi pa mbiya", mungapeze chinthu chabwino kunyumba, pafupi ndi nyanja.

ntchito

Chochita ngati pakufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuchokera kugombe kunyumba, poyamba ankaganiza kuti asilikali Gorshkov pambuyo pa Cuba chida mavuto, pamene ambiri ankhondo katundu, kuphatikizapo mphamvu yapadera ndi mivi anali adzaperekedwa kwa kugombe Cuba ochiritsira zombo ogulitsa. Pofika mu 1964, malingaliro awa anapanga mu mawonekedwe a mawu Buku kupelekedwa ndi Nevsky Design Bureau, ankakhala mu mzinda wa Leningrad. Chief Mlengi Milovanov PP ndi Kulingalira kwa Navy kavtorang Behterev AV - awiri udindo anaikidwa

KB kupirira ntchito mofulumira, koma zofunikira za gawo lankhondo la ine osati motsogozedwa zosabvuta. Achimereka anayamba kumanga amphibious kumenya chombo kalasi "Tarawa", adakonza alowererepo (monga la Vietnam nkhondo), ndiponso njira zawo luso amene kuzindikirike ndi utsogoleri Soviet, motsogoleredwa kusintha kwa TK. Pulani yonse anali okonzeka October 1965. Project ovomerezeka mu 1968. Komabe, kusintha kwa iwo anapitiriza, ndipo patangopita pafupifupi theka khumi Kaliningrad doko la zombo zapanyanja "Yantar" Akamaliza ntchito pa "Ivan Rogov," unit loyamba la mndandanda BBC Project 1174 ( "Chipembere") wopangidwa, pa dongosolo, ngalawa atatu.

zikuchitika

Panopa, oyenera kubwezeretsedwa kwa nkhondowo imapanga awiri a ngalawa atatu. Woyamba wa mndandanda wa BBC "Rhinoceros" amene anapatsa dzina lake monga gulu NATO, mwachitsanzo, mutu wotchedwa "Ivan Rogov" (inamangidwa mu 1977), chinaperekedwa kulemba wolemera ndipo mfutizo kwa zitsulo mu 1996. Lachiwiri, "Alexander Nikolaev" (anapezerapo mu chaka cha 1982), patapita chaka anali amene anapuma pantchito ku utumiki ndi kokhazikika. Tsoka chomwecho anachitika "Mitrofan Moskalenko," koma kenako - mu 2002. Ngalawayi kugulitsidwa. Pakati ogula ndi zotheka otchedwa China, pa nthawi anali kale ntchito amene anapuma pantchito cruiser "Kiev" ikhale hotelo akuyandama Macau, koma zambiri pazifukwa zina "sanakule pamodzi." N'zotheka kuti maonekedwe a BDK "Rhinoceros" ntchito wokongola zokwanira kukhala nyambo alendo, ndi kukonzanso kwa zombo Chinese ankaona kuti n'zovuta zovuta mtengo. The chikhalidwe luso maboti pambuyo yaitali ataima pa khoma quay, ngakhale kuti imawunikidwa ndi katswiri.

Project zizindikiro luso

The chizindikiro chachikulu Wokhoma zombo ndi ankaona kusamutsidwa wofanana ndi unyinji wa chombo mu kanthu ndi kuti zonse kuthamanga. Ndi mu nkhani iyi kuposa 11,5 ankalemekeza / 14 zikwi matani. Utali BDK "Chipembere" - mamita 158, m'lifupi chombo pakati chimango -24 mamita muyezo adalowetsedwa m'madzi pamene yodzaza kwathunthu mamita asanu. Zolemba malire sitiroko - 20 mfundo pa mfundo 18 umatha kugonjetsa ndi akasinja zonse mafuta 7.5 sauzande mailosi .. Kudziyimira pawokha zimadalira chiwerengero cha paratroopers yodzaza: ngati 500, makonzedwe a nkhokwe Kumkwanira theka pamwezi. Adalira tichipeza mamembala adalira 239, kuphatikizapo alonda (37 pers.).

Kutenga mafuta kuchokera akuyandama mathanki refueling akhoza kukhala pa nyanja iyi BDK "Chipembere" yatenganso Chalk zonse zofunikira. Pakuti resupply chakudya ndi zina "youma" katundu komanso anapereka mayendedwe chipangizo uku.

Ndi mphamvu unsembe

Kapangidwe ka amagetsi tichipeza awiri turbines mpweya oveteredwa pa 18 zikwi L.. a., pamodzi m'mbali mwa njira Echelon. Polemba polojekiti analephera kuthetsa tselnoagregatnoy m'malo awo chifukwa amafuna zovuta luso la zomangamanga ambiri la chombo, kotero anakonza mpandawo mwambo zochita pa kubwezeretsedwa kwa nkhondowo imapanga mayunitsi akhoza kukhala mabvuto, ngakhale zotheka. Pa ntchito ( "Alexander Nikolaev" - 15, "Mitrofan Moskalenko" - zaka 12) injini akhala akukonza avale, ayenera overhauled kapena kubwezeretsa, kapena kusintha kwa masiku ambiri. Disassemble chopangira mphamvu adzakhala m'malo mwa nyumba, ndipo ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.

Magetsi BDK "Rhinoceros" ndi adakwera magudumu (a sitima asanu) pa chilichonse polmegavatta okha 3 MW.

chida

Zida zankhondo ndi mivi ankafika luso pazifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba, ayenera kuonetsetsa bata wa mayunitsi kwambiri anamenyana ndi adalowetsedwa asilikali ake ndi zida nkhondo. Chachiwiri, pa nthawi ya ikamatera, ndipo kenaka sitimayo ali moto akuthandizani. Inde, BDK-1174 "Chipembere" Sitinganene adzatchedwa akuyandama batire wapamwamba-wamphamvu, koma chinachake Iye akhozabe. Atakhala mtundu AK-726 - amphamvu kwambiri zida zankhondo njira, pa bolodi, kukula ndi 76,2 mm. Koma pali awiri mofulumira-moto mfuti phiri AK-630 anayi mbiya likungosonyeza 30 mm, cholinga chimene ndi kuteteza ku mkulu-liwiro pamwamba ndi mpweya zida za mdani. VOP azimveka anayi yaying'ono odana ndege chida zovuta "Muvi 3" ndi chimodzi "OSA-M" (ndi zipolopolo projectiles 20). Moto chivundikirocho ndi kuyambirira kukonzekera beachhead - ndi ntchito MLRS awiri "Grad", wokwera pa superstructure lapansi. Umaimiridwa ndi anayi phiko Ka 29 kupereka odana ndi sitima zapamadzi chitetezo ndi nzeru.

mwayi ankafika

Pangano chombo BDK 1174 polojekiti "Chipembere" ndi ankafika battalion ankafika pa gombe, pa mtunda akumidzi utali wozungulira ake ntchito. Pali njira ziwiri zofunika kuchita ntchito imeneyi.

Woyamba, ndi yothandiza kwambiri, ndi kwa ngalawayo itafika kumzinda ndi gombe ankhanza. Pankhaniyi chombo linkakhala mu odulidwa wake mphuno, amatsegula khumudwitsidwa ndi poyera za limbikitsa (kwa polojekiti 1174, m'litali - 32 m), amene amakopeka zida za nkhondo ndi ntchito ya amathamanga kwambiri. The sangathe njira lili mu choona kuti% 17 okha mwa nyanja dziko kwatipatsa mpata ntchito.

Yachiwiri njira zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ankafika zothandizira mwangofikira Mezhuyev "gombe" ndipo ngalawa. Iye ali ndi vuto lalikulu: amachepetsa mlingo wa dontho wolemera ndipo tidakocheza njira, koma, pamene ntchito maboti, angapereke iwo milandu anayi khumi. Njira angathe kutumikira ndi Helicopters, pamene chikhalidwe cha katundu wambiri zilibe kanthu.

luso logwiritsa ntchito njira onse sangathe kudzitama lalikulu amphibious kumenya sitimayo. BDK 1174 zomangidwazo "Chipembere" ali zotuluka ziwiri zikuluzikulu - m'makwinya m'mphuno ndi aft katundu-doko mungaimitse-mtundu kuphimba ndi docking kamera. Choncho, mwina pa nkhani ya woyenerera wa asilikali gombe malo m'makona onse, koma ngati inu simungakhoze kubwera pafupi - kugwiritsa ntchito bwato.

mphamvu

Kugwira kwa buku la akasinja, iyenera miyeso ya 54 × 12 mamita ndipo ali ndi-mita asanu kutalika tween. Voliyumu ya kamera docking chinanso - 75 × 12 x 10 mamita. Mu 1174 BDK "Chipembere" kungakhale koyenera (osakaniza osiyanasiyana):

- Yatsani akasinja monga PT 76 - 50 ma PC.

- oyenda kumenyana magalimoto oti muli nazo zida ogwira onyamula - 80 ma PC.

- Cars - 120 ma PC.

- Asilikali - anthu 500.

akhoza adzaikidwa mu docking Bay:

- ankafika luso (Miyambo 1785 kapena 1176.) - 6 pc.

- Court of Justice pa mpweya khushoni (. Anapanga 1206 kapena "siRNA") - 3 ma PC.

Popanda ogwira akhoza kusamutsidwa 1.7 zikwi. Matani cargoes zosiyanasiyana.

Kuyerekezera ndi "Mistral"

Chotero kodi ndi bwino ndipo mtengo French yaikulu kwambiri chimene chimathandiza BDK Project 1174 "Rhinoceros"? Photos chombo n'zochititsa chidwi. Poyerekeza ndi chidwi "Mistral" zikuwoneka ngati zosamveka chifukwa cha superstructure ikuluikulu. Ndipo si Helicopters zokwanira, 4 ndi 16. Koma pofuna kumvetsa nkhani moyenera zimathandiza munthu yochititsa chidwi kwambiri, kuti ndegeyo wathu luso zinthu zambiri angafanane naye. Choyesera "Mistral" (21, 3 zikwi. T) ndi wamkulu kuposa nthawi imodzi ndi theka, ndipo akhoza kukwaniritsa pafupifupi nambalayi a asilikali ndi zida (zinayi khumi akasinja ndi sitima 470). Komabe, nkhondowo ake utali wozungulira oposa 20 zikwi. Km, koma ndi mwayi kwa Russian Navy si zofunika. Ndisonyezeni amphibious ankafika kwinakwake mwakuwoneka alibe pokonzekera Chile wathu General Wogwila.

Kodi ndi tsogolo lotani "Mitrofan Moskalenko" ndi "Aleksandra Nikolaeva?"

Ngati Russia kwenikweni akukana "Mistral", mbali French adzakhala pa mavuto aakulu. Pakati pa mavuto azachuma padziko lonse kukhala pa awiri ndege mtengo kwambiri kuti osafunika (koma ogula sayenera) okha, ndipo ngakhale kulipira dipo - chiyembekezo cha zabwino. Koma Russia akukumana ndi mavuto. Kagawo kakang'ono mu nkhondo ya zombo alipo ayenera kudzazidwa. N'zodziwikiratu kuti adzamange latsopano lalikulu ankafika sitimayo. BDK 1174 polojekiti "Chipembere" n'cholinga choti m'malo mwake, koma ndalama zambiri kwa kukonza ndalama zake silingakhale yoyenera. Development wa ntchito watsopano umene umakumana amafuna amakono onse, patenga zaka zingapo, kenako kusonkhana, kukulozani, debugging. Zonsezi si wotsika mtengo koma kenako, ndipo lipindulitsa mabiliyoni French. Gawo la ndalama - kuti modernize ndi "Chipembere", ena - chifukwa zombo zatsopano. Izi, kumene, malingaliro, ndi momwe izo zonse zinachitika - nthawi adzatiuza.