Impso kulephera: zizindikiro za amuna. Zoyambitsa, mankhwala, chakudya kulephera impso

Aimpso Insufficiency - ichi ndi matenda oopsa, chifukwa cha amene ali ndi matenda kagayidwe kachakudya. Malinga ndi zomwe zachipatala, ndi kudwala panopa kumakhudza pafupifupi 3% ya anthu. Chaka chilichonse, Chiwerengerochi ndi kuchuluka exponentially. Disease mofanana ndi vuto la amai ndi abambo. matendawo si manyazi ana ngakhale ang'ono. Nkhaniyi itithandiza kuyesetsa kumvetsa zimene zizindikiro ndi limodzi mwa kulephera aimpso anthu, kodi matenda, mmene tiyenera kuchitira izo.

zambiri

Impso mu thupi mbali yofunika kwambiri. Iwo mosalekeza kubala mkodzo, amene kenako amachotsa zinthu zoipa. Chotero dongosolo fyuluta amapereka posungira mu muyezo awiri mgwirizano: madzi mchere ndi asidi-m'munsi. Aimpso Insufficiency - ichi ndi chikhalidwe oopsa yodziwika ndi ataya maselo nephron. Kenako thupi limataya kuthekera kupanga ndi secrete mkodzo. Matendawa ndi zotsatira za pachimake limba minofu kuwonongeka, choncho akufotokozera mwadzidzidzi. Zikuchepa yafupika kuchuluka kwa opangidwa mkodzo, nthawizina kwathuthu kwina. Nkofunika yake kuzindikira zizindikiro za kulephera impso anthu, kuti asapanikize matendawo. The kale dokotala mankhwala mankhwala, ndi bwino mwayi wa kuchira.

Chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda

Aimpso kulephera ali m'mitundu iwiri wa: pachimake ndi aakulu. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, madokotala kusiyanitsa zinthu zinanso matenda. Pakati zimayambitsa pachimake Baibulo la matenda ambiri ndi izi:

• Chakudya kuledzera ndi mowa, mankhwala.
• Matenda otaya aimpso magazi.
• Opatsirana chikhalidwe cha matenda.
• Kuwononga kapena kuchotsa impso pa yekha.
• Blockage pa mundawo mkodzo.

Matenda aimpso kulephera anthu, zifukwa zomwe n'zosiyana mawonekedwe pachimake matenda akufotokozera pang'onopang'ono. Kawirikawiri izo yoyamba kudwala lalikulu la machitidwe mkati limba. Kungakhale shuga, matenda oopsa, kobadwa nako nephropathy, pyelonephritis kapena zokhudza zonse lupus erythematosus. Aliyense wa diagnoses izi zimafunikira polojekiti nthawi kuti dokotala. Kukhazikitsa malangizo ake ndi ntchito chingalepheretse pakutchulidwa kulephera aimpso.

Kodi matenda?

Development wa ndondomeko pathological ndi imakhudzira zimayambitsa zizindikiro impso kulephera amuna. Poyamba, wodwalayo imatiuza chakuti madzimadzi m'thupi Zikuoneka zoumbika mosiyanasiyana. Pokodza akhozanso kukopeka ndi ululu nkhawa. Male akuyamba mosadziwika kuonda, khungu kukhala wachikasu. Kusafuna kudya, kunyansidwa ndi kusanza mutadya. Kuyesa kwa magazi bwinobwino anaona magazi m'thupi. A ofanana chithunzi matenda ndi khalidwe la matenda ngati ndalephera aimpso. Zizindikiro za amuna zingasiyane malingana ndi mtundu wa matenda - pachimake kapena aakulu. Kenako, kufufuza nkhani iliyonse mwatsatanetsatane.

ankafunitsitsa

Matendawa kumaonekera mu nkhani iyi, kuchepa lakuthwa kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kapena kuchotsa lathunthu kuchotsa ake thupilo. Pang'onopang'ono kukula zizindikiro za kuledzera: kusafuna kudya, kudzimbidwa, umachuluka chiwindi mchikakamizo cha poizoni. Aimpso kukanika limodzi ndi maonekedwe a kutupa yeniyeni pansi maso.

Chithunzi matenda a mtundu pachimake matenda akufotokozera mu ndondomeko izi:

• Gawo loyamba. Zizindikiro za matendawa chifukwa mavutowo yaikulu. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za kuledzera kuoneka: wotumbululuka khungu, wodwalayo zonse odwala. Kutalika kwa nthawi imeneyi zingasiyane. Odwala ena matendawa ayamba kuonekera maola ochepa atamwalira nephrons, ena - pambuyo masiku 2-3.
• Gawo lachiwiri. Pa nthawi imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa kumaliseche a mkodzo ndi yokhudza ufiti yafupika, kotero mwina mkulu wa imfa. magazi pang'onopang'ono amasonkhana urea, ndi mapulogalamu ena a kagayidwe mapuloteni. The Chifukwa kuphwanya ndi kutupa kwambiri. thupi limayamba poizoni yekha. Imene Gawo lachiwiri lili ndi zizindikiro za kulephera impso? Mu amuna, pali ulesi, kugona, mwina kukhumudwa mpando. Mbali atongi wa matenda imatengedwa kuonjezera asafe mu magawo magazi.
• Mbali yachitatu. Pa nthawi imeneyi, mkodzo linanena bungwe pang'onopang'ono kubwerera mwakale, koma zizindikiro akadali zimasungika. kuti thupi kuganizira mkodzo linanena bungwe ndi mankhwala kagayidwe kachakudya anachira. M'mapapo ntchito, mtima ndi dongosolo m'mimba nawonso kha kumbuyo. Kutupa akachoka, miyendo pasty. Kutalika kwa nthawi imeneyi ndi 14 masiku.
• Mbali chachinayi. Pang'onopang'ono zikuzimiririka pang'onopang'ono kulephera aimpso. Zizindikiro za amuna kutha nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa ayambe komaliza amafuna miyezi wina atatu.

Pamene zizindikiro kulephera pachimake aimpso, m'pofunika yomweyo chifukwa madokotala antchito. Zonse izi miyeso achire akutsatiridwa chilengedwe chipatala.

ndondomeko aakulu

Mawonekedwe a matenda aakulu amakhala ndi ndime chobisika. Poyamba, wodwalayo amaona kuwonongeka wa thanzi. Mwamsanga wotopa, kusowa chilakolako mutu. Khungu amakhala ouma ndi minofu kutaya kamvekedwe awo. Wodwala zonse odwala, mukusautsika ndi mwauchidakwa pafupipafupi wa khunyu. Manja, mapazi ndi nkhope kwambiri kutupa. Zizindikiro kulephera aakulu aimpso anthu zikuchulukirachulukira pang'onopang'ono. Kusenda chikasu, ndipo amaoneka mu zilonda pakamwa. Wodwala akudwala m'mimba ndi flatulence amphamvu. Fungo la mkodzo anayamba kumverera anthu owazungulira. Kufanana akusokoneza mtima ndi machitidwe kupuma. Kuchokera ndondomeko pathological amadwala chitetezo cha m'thupi.

chithandizo ndiwofatsa limakupatsani kukhala ukugwiradi ntchito ziwalo Kupeleka. Komabe, kuwonjezera maganizo ndi maganizo / thupi nkhawa, kunyalanyaza zakudya Kwalamulidwa, kumwa mode cholakwika - zonsezi zingachititse kuwonongeka kwa wodwala.

njira matenda

Kuti mupewe mavuto a matenda m'pofunika oterewa, kudziwa zoyambitsazo. Medical mosamala mtima limayamba ndi mndandanda wa mbiri matenda. dokotala ayenera kudziwa nthawi yaitali bwanji pakhala zizindikiro kulephera impso. Amuna ndi chimodzi impso matenda chithunzi sasiyana ndi zimene odwala ndi ulamuliro wonse (onse impso). Ndi kuvomerezedwa kuphunzira boma la dongosolo mkodzo. diagnostics mabuku monga ultrasound, umagwirira magazi ndi mayesero mkodzo, X-ray, CT. Kumayambiriro mabuku Kupenda thupi chimathandiza chithandizo mwamsanga ndi kupewa kusintha matendawa mu mawonekedwe aakulu.

The kudwala oopsa?

Aimpso kulephera amuna, mankhwala ndi diagnostics kuti akhala akufufuza m'nthawi yake, akhoza limodzi ndi zosokonezeka. Thupi pang'ono ndi pang'ono imaleka ntchito, zomwe ndi zinadzala ndi kuledzera kwa mankhwala thupi kagayidwe kachakudya. Amaona zosasangalatsa Vuto aimpso mtima constriction. kudwala Izi imatengedwa ngati gawo lotsiriza la chitukuko cha matenda, zomwe zimachititsa kuti pakhale ndi sodium mu thupi.

Chithandizo cha mawonekedwe pachimake cha matenda

Aimpso Insufficiency - ichi ndi matenda oopsa amene amafuna chithandizo kuchipatala. Mu masiteji koyamba mankhwala yafupika kuthetsa zimene zimayambitsa matenda, kubwezeretsa homeostasis ndi okhumudwa ntchito za kachitidwe. Malinga alili kungafune:

• antibacterials;
• detoxification mankhwala (dialysis, kulowetsedwa njira saline);
• chimathandiza madzi (kuikidwa magazi ndiponso mmalo ake);
• mahomoni wothandizira.

Pamene matenda a "Kulephera impso" anthu mankhwala ndi mlingo wa mankhwala amasankha katswiri. Kochotsa nitrogenous muli ndi detoxification anayamba hemosorption, plasmapheresis, hemodialysis. Kuti matenda diuresis, mankhwala diuretic ntchito ( "Furosemide"). Malinga mtundu wa kuphwanya madzi electrolyte bwino kutumikiridwa njira ya mchere wa calcium, soda ndi potaziyamu.

Chithandizo cha ndondomeko aakulu

Chithandizo cha matenda aimpso kulephera njira ikukhudza padzuwa la chimachititsa ya matenda, ntchito yokonza ntchito ziwalo ndi mankhwala detoxification. Mu masiteji koyamba cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala kwa amachepetsa mphamvu ya ndondomeko pathological. Pamene matenda oopsa ntchito mankhwala antihypertensive. Ngati chinthu chachikulu chomwe kulephera impso obisalamo mu matenda autoimmune, Kwalamulidwa mahomoni glucocorticoid ndi cytostatics. Pamene kusintha anatomical ntchito anatenga dongosolo excretory kwa kuwongolera patency pa mundawo mkodzo kapena kuchotsa kakyulasi.

Against limakhala mankhwala nthawi zonse kwambiri obwera chifukwa cha kulephera impso anthu. Kodi kuchiza matenda, anatsimikiza mtima dokotala. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala diuretic ntchito kuchepetsa kutupa. Mu magazi kwambiri, mankhwala maofesi vitamini ndi zowonjezera chitsulo.

Mu magawo inawo wodwala anasamutsidwa ndi hemodialysis okhazikika. ndondomeko anali mobwerezabwereza aliyense masiku 14. Mophunzitsa hemodialysis ndi impso kupatsidwa zina. Ngakhale kukhala bwino analekerera ndi opaleshoni bwino, wodwalayo mpata kuchira ndi kubwerera ku moyo bwino.

Mfundo za zakudya mankhwala

Takambirana kale chimene chiri aimpso zizindikiro kulephera amuna. Zakudya ku matenda ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya chithandizo. Odwala akulangizidwa kutsatira kupereka otsika-mapuloteni chigawo. Kusintha kadyedwe amachepetsa kukula kwa mchitidwe pathological ndi kuchepetsa katundu pa impso. Zakudya mankhwala mfundo za zingapo:

1. Kuchepetsa mapuloteni kudya kwa 65 ga patsiku.
2. Kuwonjezeka mphamvu caloric chifukwa kuwonjezeka chakudya zakudya zimam'patsa.
3. Kutsindika waukulu adzaikidwe pa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Nkofunika kuganizira zili mavitamini, mchere ndi chigawo mapuloteni.

M'pofunika zonse kuyan'ana buku la mowa ndi linanena bungwe la madzi. chizindikiro ichi kuchita masamu mfundo: anasankha nambala ya mkodzo patsiku + 800 ml. Iwo ayenera kuganizira zonse za madzi (soups, dzinthu, zakumwa, zipatso, masamba). Pakalibe edema kutchulidwa ndi madzi bwino kusungidwa kulola mtima kuti magalamu 6 mchere patsiku.

zodzitetezera

Momwe mungapewere impso kulephera? Sitepe yoyamba ndi kusunga zizindikiro ndi chiwembu cha kumwa mankhwala. Kodi kusiya mankhwala nephrotoxic, monga surrogate mowa ndi mankhwala. Ndi chofunika kuchiza matenda opatsirana ndi yotupa a dongosolo mkodzo.

Pofuna kupewa kulanda matenda mu mawonekedwe aakulu, muyenera kudziwa zizindikiro za kulephera impso. Anthu, matenda akuwonetseredwa ndi mavuto ndi pokodza, ndi malaise. Pamene matenda amenewa ayenera kupempha thandizo kwa munthu waluso.

Pomaliza

Panthawi yake chizindikiritso cha zimayambitsa kulephera impso, matenda woyenera ndi chithandizo choyenera adzapulumutsa thanzi wodwala. Mawonekedwe pachimake matendawa ali ndi madokotala ananena zawo zabwino ngati wodwalayo motere malangizo onse dokotala ndi kusunga kwa chakudya. Pa mwayi wa aakulu kuchira zimadalira siteji ya ndondomeko pathological. Pankhani ya impso zonse madokotala ananena zawo malipiro a moyo yabwino. Mu gawo osachiritsika a chimodzi chokha, amalola kukhala ndi thanzi, ndi dialysis zonse kapena chiwalo kupatsidwa zina.