Islands ya Indian Ocean: kufotokoza ndi chithunzi. Kupita ku zilumba ya Indian Ocean

Lero tiona Indian Ocean chilumba. Ndipotu, ndi mosungiramo lachitatu waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. madzi ake ofunda zambiri zochititsa chidwi kwambiri otentha zilumba, amene Sangathe kukhala apaulendo osayanjanitsika. Komanso, iwo onse wachinsinsi monga nkhokwe chikhalidwe. Ambiri a iwo makamaka anaikira mu dera la kumadzulo. Tsopano tili tione ena mwa iwo, ndipo pa mitundu zimene iwo zidzasankhidwa. Chibadwa, ali: matanthwe, mapiri chokhala.

zilumba kumtunda ndi chiphala

Akale a yaikulu - Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Masirai, Kuria-Muria, Socotra, Wamkulu Sunda, komanso ambiri zilumba yaing'ono m'mphepete mwa nyanja Australia Western, m'mayiko a China ndi Arabia. Ambiri a iwo - ichi ndi yachonde miyala ya laimu mu granites wakale Precambrian. Palinso lamapiri. Lowopsya Seychelles nazo, awo dongosolo wapadera kwambiri. Mkati pansi pa madzi - yomanga okha wapangidwa lubwe. Islands ya Indian Ocean, ndi chiyambi chiphala womwe anawagawa zilumba otsegula nyanja ndi zone kusintha kwa chilumbachi. Yotsirizira ndinu mamembala a arcs chilumba. Ali ndi m'mapiri, nsonga zawo korona cones kwa mapiri. Iwo Nicobar, Andamanskie ndi Wamkulu Sunda Islands. Iwo amawathandiza osachepera chiphala tuff, ndi mokulirapo - pa basalt. Chilumba chiphala ya Indian Ocean, monga Prince Edward, Crozet, Kerguelen, Saint-Paul, Amsterdam, Mascarene, Comoro, ali wamfupi ndi simuli zotengera pamwamba nsonga ya mapiri. Owazungulira pali nthawi miyala ndi matanthwe.

Island matanthwe

Mbali yofunika kwambiri pa gawo ili la Madamu la chilumbachi ndi lopangidwa ndi matanthwe. Iwo ali ambiri a mmene chilumba, amene wapangidwa ambiri Mauchle, mchenga matanthwe, mwala wosweka ndi miyala. A chitsanzo chapadera cha chilumba ichi - Diego García. Koma zilumba ya Indian Ocean chiyambi matanthwe ndi zovuta zambiri zilumba zimenezi zili wapangidwa zilumba zimenezi zili ambiri yaing'ono, ndipo amakhala ndi 150 kupita awiri. Yaikuluyi wozungulira ngati dongosolo, zilumba ngati Cocos, Amirantskie, Chagos, Maldives, Laccadives. Ambiri a iwo apangidwa chifukwa kulera m'madzi. Zitsanzo. Island Christmas, mamita 365 pamwamba pa nyanja, unakhazikitsidwa pa mfundo chapamwamba kokonati kuukitsidwa, Tromelin Island ili mamita asanu pamwamba pa madzi, ndi pansi mamita 4,000 Mascarene beseni. Kodi wina kuima m'zilumba ya Indian Ocean? chakuti makamaka kukula mitengo kokonati ndipo anasunga wandiweyani m'nkhalango moti wa mitengoyi. Izi khalidwe makamaka Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa Islands Amirante. Zikomo onse a kukongola ndi malo unexplored, malo amenewa makamaka wokongola kwa apaulendo ndi alendo.

Islands ya Indian Ocean, mndandanda wa zilumba za kum'mawa

Tsopano lembani zilumba anu, amene ali a m'dera la kummawa India: Andaman, Ashmore ndi Cartier, Christmas, Kakadu, Cocos (Keeling), Dirk Hartog, Garden Island, Jaffna, Kangaroo, Langkawi, Mfumu Island, Mentawai, Nias, Nicobar Penang, Koh Phi Phi, Phuket, Simeulue, Sri Lanka, Mannar. Kupitiriza mutu umene zilumba mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean mu gawo la kumadzulo. Awa: Agalega, Banque du Geyser, Bassas da India, St. Brandon, Chagos Archipelago, Comoros, Europe, Juan de Nova Island, Lakshadweep - Archipelago, Madagascar, ndi Mafia, ndi Maldives, Mauritius, Mayotte, Pemba, Reunion, Rodrigues , Seychelles, Tromelin, Zanzibar. Ndipo potsiriza, pang'ono zilumba kum'mwera, imene ili kum'mwera kwa Madagascar: Amsterdam, Crozet, Anamveka, McDonald, Kerguelen, Prince Edward Island, Saint-Paul.

Madagascar - wapadera pachilumba ya Indian Ocean

Ngati tikulingalira lalikulu Indian Ocean chilumba, n'kosatheka kulabadira Madagascar, amene mbiri akuyamba kuyambira pamene anachoka ku Africa, za angapo zaka mamilioni zana. Mu kukula kwake - wachinayi wokwera pakati pa zilumba zonse za mdziko. Anasonkhanitsa nyama zosiyanasiyana zodabwitsa zomera, nyama ndi mbalame, ambiri a iwo - pafupifupi 80% - ndi wapadera. nkhalango lalikulu, zilipo apa kukopa ofufuza ndiponso asayansi padziko lonse. Ndi iwo pa zamoyo za zomera sangathe kupikisana ngakhale kotentha wa South America. Mu malo awa n'zotheka kudziwa ngakhale kukhala zinyamazi, monga bilimankhwe, pokhala makumi mitundu. Tengani mitundu ina makumi asanu lemurs. Pamodzi, iwo asankha mitengo odabwitsa ngati baobabs ndi nkhalango spiny. Chifukwa wapadera ndi zidzasintha, Madagascar zimapangitsa amadziona Africa chitatu.

Seychelles

Ngati inu kutenga kwambiri ya Indian Ocean chilumba, ndiye iwo akhoza zimachitika ku Seychelles, yomwe linalandira ufulu mu 1976. Iwo amakhala kudera la makilomita lalikulu 455, linagawidwa m'zigawo 23, ali ku Africa pa mtunda wa makilomita 1600. Iwo zili padziko zotsatirazi zilumba za Reunion ndi Mauritius - kumwera kwa Maldives - mu kumpoto ndi Comoros - kum'mwera kumadzulo. Am'deralo pano pafupifupi 80 zikwi, ambiri a iwo China, India, Arabic, African chiyambi French. chinenero - Creole, komanso inafalitsidwa English ndi French. Seychelles tso 115 zilumba chilumbachi, chimene 33 anthu. Nyengo kum'mwera otentha nyanja, pachaka avareji kutentha - madigiri 29, March ndi November, kwambiri mvula. Ambiri mwa malo kuno kwa gombe holide, kusambira komanso chikhalidwe ulendo.

Mauritius - paradaiso yosangalala

Ngati tikambirana payokha anatengedwa pachilumba cha m'nyanja ya Indian Ocean, ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti kukhala omasuka, m'pofunika kulabadira Mauritius. Dziko dzina chomwecho - mmodzi wa wolemera Africa, yodziwika ndi zinyumba French atsamunda, zokongola Indian akachisi, yomwazika kadzutsa ndi tsabola chakudya. Apa coexistence wochezeka a m'zipembedzo zosiyana ndi a mitundu, kuti akonze bwino azikhalidwe anthu. Kukula kwa chilumbachi ndi ang'ono, n'zotheka galimoto kuzungulira mu tsiku limodzi, ndi achisangalalo wa kalasi apamwamba, kumene utumiki kwambiri ndi pamodzi ndi kutchuka kwambiri. Mu kukhalapo kwa sipekitiramu yotakata gombe holide, mungathe kupita kukawedza nsomba zazikulu.