Kachitidwe banki monga malangizo chachikulu cha chuma msika

Kachitidwe banki - magulu mabanki onse chuma cha dziko. Panopa mayiko ndi anayamba chuma msika, dongosolo lili 2 milingo - chapakati banki ndi mabanki malonda. Banki chapakati akhoza ankayimiridwa ngati ya mabungwe ena banki kuti kuchita ntchito ya Bank wa Central. Bank ku Central akuchita ntchito ndalama zonse - iye amachitira ndi okhawo a ndalama dziko, wakhala ukugwira ngongole ndi zina zofunika ntchito. mabanki malonda ali anaikira mu makamaka ngongole ndi kuchita ntchito banki, komanso ntchito ndalama malonda ndi anthu. mabanki malonda akhoza kugawidwa mu boma, wogwilizana ndi olowa katundu mawonekedwe umwini.

Ambiri, dongosolo banki - akonzedwa a mabanki opaleshoni, mabungwe ngongole, mabungwe a zachuma kuchita ntchito kubanki. Kuwonjezera mabungwe awa, dongosolo banki nayenso apadera mabungwe omwe Musatenge kugwira aliyense banki, koma kupereka ntchito kubanki. Mwachitsanzo, kungakhale malo ndalama kuthetsa, Makampani ogulitsa, maofesi kafukufuku, mabizinesi kuti ntchito pa sheya, komanso magulu omwe akugwilira ntchito pa mlingo wa mabanki ndi mabanki kupereka mfundo zenizeni ndi zida. Zonsezi ndi dongosolo kubanki.

Banks ndi onse mabungwe ngongole mowirikiza zimavuta ndi makasitomala zotsatirazi:

- ndi nzika za chuma;

- wina ndi mzake;

- ndi Bank ku Central;

- ndi akuluakulu ena.

Choyamba ndi mfundo momwe dongosolo banki zayamba kwa nthawi yoyamba mu bwino anayamba mayiko zachuma - Switzerland, France, Germany, Japan, USA ndi ena. Mwachitsanzo, dongosolo banki mu Switzerland - ndi imodzi mwa machitidwe amphamvu kwambiri ndi zapamwamba padziko lonse.

Monga mbali ya dongosolo banki ndi mbali yaikulu ya nkhani zachuma a dziko. Izi tikhoza kulitanthauzira chakuti dongosolo kumagwirizana ndi mowa kupanga, ndipo makope osiyanasiyana chuma chosaoneka ndi maso ndi chuma. The bwino kwambiri kutukula wa dziko zimadalira banki ndi kugwira ntchito dongosolo kubanki.

Banks kuti ntchito m'dziko akhoza kukhala dongosolo losiyana - awiri gawo kapena mmodzi gawo. Ziwiri gawo dongosolo odziwikiratu - mlingo woyamba wa banki chapakati, ndi zina - mabungwe ngongole kapena mabanki malonda. Ambiri a mtundu uwu ndipo amapezeka dziko. dongosolo Single-mlingo ali osowa, koma zonse amakhala weniweni pamene dziko alibe banki chapakati, kapena pamene ali, koma dziko lino pali imodzi yokha ngati mabanki chapakati.

Luso masiku moyo ndi chuma msika, dongosolo banki ali mbali angapo. Kusintha komwe kumachitika mu dongosolo, kaya zabwino sludge zoipa bwanji, monga ulamuliro, chuma lonse. Gulu la dongosolo banki ntchito bwino, muyenera kumvetsetsa kumvera malamulo onse ndi chitukuko cha m'madera onse a kubanki. Ndipo zingamvekere uziyenda yachibadwa ya chuma cha dziko.

Kuchitila wabwino ndi mfundo ngongole ayenera kukhazikika mu dongosolo kubanki. A njira yomwe zonse ntchito ndalama, ndi nchito banki pa iye dongosolo lonse banki umalimbana.

Pomaliza tinganene kuti dongosolo banki ndi maphunziro kwathunthu amene amapereka malo okhazikika m'dziko. Dongosolo banki ndi gawo la anthu, amene umagwira ntchito malamulo ndipo umamumvera malamulo.