Katundu tizilombo mu HIV ndi matenda a chiwindi C: ntchito

Mmodzi wa matenda oopsa kwambiri a lero kamene kamawononga chitetezo m'thupi (HIV). Mwatsoka, chaka chilichonse chiwerengero cha anthu kachilombo zikuchulukirachulukira. Poyamba ankakhulupirira kuti HIV inabuka mwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi amuna. Panopa matendawa amapezeka anthu osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikizapo mwa ana. Chomaliza cha kudwala ankaona anapeza immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Osati kubweretsa matenda aakulu, muyenera nthawi zonse kuwunika odwala ndi kusintha mankhwala. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, kusanthula zimenezi ikuchitika, katundu tizilombo. Iwo amalola kuti asa- siteji ya matenda. Komanso, yesero ili imagwiridwa kuti aone mankhwala njira zina.

Chifukwa amawononga katundu wanu tizilombo?

Monga amadziwika, mavairasi ndi lopangidwa DNA kapena RNA mamolekyulu. zidulo mkati amapanga zinthu chibadwa. Tizilombo katundu - mayeso amene amachitidwa pofuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa RNA wa tizilomboto m'magazi. phunziro ili angathe kuchitidwa mu maiko osiyanasiyana pathological. Pakati pawo - HIV, matenda a chiwindi B ndi C, nsungu, cytomegalovirus , etc. kusanthula Izi zimatengera osati kuchuluka kwa chuma kumtundu magazi, koma siteji ya matenda ... Ndiko kuti, katundu tizilombo ndi muyeso wa kusalekerera matenda. mawerengedwe imachitidwa ndi mumayesto RNA makope pa 1 ml ya madzi a m'magazi. Kudziwa katundu tizilombo n'chotheka mu Laboratories wapadera. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana kuchita phunziro ili. Ambiri amaona kuti ndi polymerase unyolo anachita (PCR). Kudzera kusanthula amalowerera kudziwa mmene kudya ndondomeko matenda ili m'kati. Atatero, anasankha mlingo medicaments, komanso alinga kuti madokotala ananena zawo.

Khama la za chitetezo cha HIV

Katundu tizilombo mu HIV kumathandiza kuti afufuze za m'thupi wodwala. Kwa odwala, chithunzi ichi yafupika. Ndi liwulo udindo cha m'thupi akhoza adzaweruzidwa boma la chitetezo cha mthupi. Chizindikiro chikuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa makhalidwe kachulukidwe ndi Mkhalidwe. Kudziwa udindo cha m'thupi la munthu unachitika magawo angapo motsatizana. Pakati pawo:

1. Collection madandaulo ndi anamnesis. Iwo akutembenukira pafupipafupi pathologies opatsirana (SARS, nsungu, mafangasi), anachita katemera, zinthu mankhwala.
2. Khama la kuchuluka kwa magazi maselo mthupi. Awa ndi woyera maselo magazi, lymphocytes, monocytes ndi granulocytes.
3. Akuphedwa mayesero apadera zasayansi. Pakati pawo - ndi tizilombo katundu mayeso.

Chotsatira ikuchitika immunoassay. Iwo kumafuna kudziŵa zili T- ndi B-lymphocytes, immunoglobulins, chitetezo zolandilira selo. HIV zofunika kwambiri amaperekedwa kwa anthu ambiri CD4 m'magazi. maselo chitetezo Izi cholandilira - maselo T mthandizi. Kuti iwo amakhudzidwa immunodeficiency virus. Pambuyo zinthu zonse akutsatiridwa kusanthula mfundo. Choncho, dokotala akupanga nkhani za m'thupi.

Katundu tizilombo a HIV: zizindikiro. Wakudziko ndi kudwala

HIV mu udindo m'thupi, pali kusintha, n'kuchiumba. Tizilombo katundu kuphunzira kudziwa kapena munthu kachilombo. Bwinobwino tizilomboto majini zinthu (RNA) mu thupi sayenera. Kuti ndi munthu wathanzi chiwerengero cha particles tizilombo ndi ziro. Nthawi zina, chithunzi ichi akhoza pang'ono kuchuluka. Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu ali ndi titadziwa m'thupi kudwala, aakulu matenda a impso kapena endocrine zopangitsa. Komabe, katundu tizilombo a HIV ndi osiyana zolozerazi, pakhala pali matenda ena. Pankhani ya matenda immunodeficiency, iye adzakhala ambiri apamwamba. Kodi kudziwa siteji ya matenda mothandizidwa ndi phunziroli? Ndi katundu tizilombo mu mawerengero HIV ndi chiyani? The m'chigulugulu ndi makope zosakwana 20 zikwi mu 1 ml magazi. Ngati mtengo analandira ndi apamwamba, zikutanthauza kuti m'pofunika kusintha chithandizo chakudya. Chizindikiro tizilombo katundu makope oposa 500 zikwi za HIV mu 1 ml ya seramu limasonyeza mochedwa siteji matenda (AIDS).

Ndiyamika njira mayeso dokotala oweruza pa kukhala ndi kudwala. Ndi kumayambiriro a mwambo chiyeso katundu tizilombo, asayansi atsimikizira kuti matenda monga HIV, alibe kuima. Antiretroviral (ARV) mankhwala akhoza kuchepetsa tizilombo ta ya RNA wa tizilomboto lapansi. Studies monga za m'thupi ndi katundu tizilombo n'zofunika kwambiri osati mankhwala komanso madokotala ananena zawo za matendawa. Ngati chiwerengero cha magazini HIV mu 1 ml magazi kuposa 100,000, ukuchitira umboni kuthetsa gawo matenda. Mawu oyamba a kusanthula izi analola kulamulira kamene kamawononga chitetezo m'thupi. Iwo ikuchitika osati kwa odwala, komanso ana a azimayi matenda komanso anthu wathanzi amaganiziridwa kuthekera matenda.

Tizilombo katundu: ponseponse kwa chiwindi C.

Chinanso ndi oopsa kudwala ankaona chiwindi C. matenda amatchedwa "wosakwiya wakupha" chifukwa amakhudza thupi kwa zaka zambiri. Kwa nthawi yaitali, chiwindi C sachita kuonekera. Nthawi zambiri anthu safuna ngakhale kuganiza kuti ali ndi HIV woopsa. The causative wothandizila ndi ingested parenteral njira, mwachitsanzo, mwa magazi. Nthawi zambiri izi zidzachitika chamankhwala (mano, matenda, kukongola mankhwala). Komanso chosayenerera akupezeka anthu amene jekeseni mankhwala.

Katundu tizilombo za matenda C likuwonetsedwa odwala onse. Monga zinachitikira HIV, zimathandiza kudziwa zochuluka majini a tizilomboto m'magazi. Mwachibadwa, pasakhale mabuku a HIV. The mayeso odwala anthu imasonyeza mmene munthu ndi ngozi ena, komanso kuonanso bwino zotsatira za mankhwala. Pa kudziwika kwa matenda pa siteji oyambirira zotheka kuchira. Kutsimikizira mphamvu ya mankhwala, kuchita kafukufuku katundu tizilombo. Kafukufuku ofanana imachitika kudziwa antigens wa matendawa.

Galamafoniyo kusanthula katundu tizilombo mu chiwindi C.

Katundu tizilombo mu chiwindi C amayezedwa IU / ml. The zili otsika tizilomboto mu thupi la umboni pa adequacy mankhwala ndipo madokotala ananena zawo zabwino. Mu chithunzi ichi adzakhala mu osiyanasiyana kuchokera 600 mpaka 3 x 10 ⁴ mayunitsi ^pa 1 ml seramu. Ngati kuposa mtengo uwu, m'pofunika kusintha chithandizo chakudya. Ndi kuwonjezeka RNA buku 8 x 10 ⁴ IU / chifukwa ml ya Akuti ngati viremia pafupifupi. Ngati kumene chithunzi pamwambapa, anasonyeza matenda a "digiri chiwindi C kwambiri." Pa nthawi yomweyo pali kugonjetsedwa kwa ziwalo mkati, zomwe kumaonekera kukomoka. Sitepe ndi matenda osachiritsika.

Nthawi zambiri Kodi tizilombo katundu mayeso?

Phunziro pa katundu tizilombo ikuchitika pa kudziwika chitetezo kwa chiwindi C HIV kapena HIV. Komanso, kuwunika imagwiridwa odwala onse omwe ali dispensary deta pathologies. Masiku katundu tizilombo zimadalira alili. Analysis imagwiridwa 1 nthawi pachaka pamene okhazikika. Ngati wodwala amalandira mankhwala mavairasi oyambitsa, wounikira mtima kwa mankhwala ayenera kuchitidwa pa miyezi 3. Komanso, kuwunika anachita pa boma ambiri wodwala cha kuwonongeka.

The njira ya tizilombo katundu mayeso

katundu tizilombo ikuchitika m'njira 3. Nthawi zambiri anachita PCR. Timatha kuzindikira chitetezo ku HIV. Komanso kugwira ntchito nthambi unyolo DNA. Kuyeza kumeneku ndi saganizira. Iwo maphunziro mosamala ndi, komanso kutsimikiza matenda (koma osati kwa kuwukonza mankhwala). cholondola ndi angakwanitse Njira ina yodziwira tizilomboto ndi njira RNA galamafoniyo amveke.

Cholakwika pa katundu tizilombo

Ngakhale kuti njira zonse kudziŵa katundu tizilombo mokwanira ogwira, ndi chifukwa pachithunzichi n'zotheka. The zolakwa kusanthula ndi anamuona cholakwika zitsanzo zosankhidwazi magazi, kuwonongeka ake, komanso kuphwanya zikhalidwe za yosungirako. Onyenga zotsatira zoipa akhale miyezi oyambirira asatenge kachilombo. Choncho, milandu amaganiziridwa matenda a phunziroli ayenera kubwereza patapita miyezi isanu.

Kodi ndingatani kuti aone katundu tizilombo?

phunziro tizilombo katundu zinachitikadi mu Laboratories wapadera, amene ali ndi zida zina zofunika. Zida chifukwa PCR zili malo AIDS, komanso ena malo payekha matenda.