Kerch Khwalala: m'lifupi (chithunzi)

Madzi a Kerch Khwalala, enveloping chilumba cha Tuzla, kulumikiza Nyanja ya Azov ndi Black Sea. Kugombe la kumadzulo, iwo anatsuka Kerch chilumba, ndi kum'mawa - gombe la Taman Peninsula. Doko lalikulu akuti ndi Kerch.

maina mbiri

Ndi kuchoka kwa zaka Kerch Khwalala, amene m'lifupi zimasiyanasiyana mulitali lonse, kusintha dzina. Kale anthu amene anadzakhala m'mayiko Nyanja kumpoto chakum'mawa Black, anamuyitana iye Bosporus (Bosphorus) Cimmerian.

M'tsogolo, maina a olamulira m'malire chilumba kuti anapatsa imene inali yabwino kwa iwo. Turkey, ulamuliro kuno ku Middle Ages, iye ankatchedwa Taman Bogas. Ndi kubera Russian chotchedwa sushi chidutswa Osangopereka anadzatchedwa. Pali otchula Tauride, Yenikalsky, Kerch-Yenikalsky ndipo potsiriza Kerch Khwalala.

mosungiramo Makulidwe

ndi kachigawo Kerch Khwalala chiyani? m'litali ndi kuya ndi chiyani? N'zochititsa chidwi kudziwa, poyamba pa zonse, geographers ndi amalinyero. Ofufuzawa anapeza kuti madzi ake anatambasula m'litali ndi makilomita 42. M'lifupi manambala Mitandadza makilomita 4-15.

Khwalala pazipita kuya adafikira ku waterway a. Pansi pali pafupifupi 18 mamita. Mu 70s Mu zaka zapitazo azimva kuzama kwa fairway ndi makina dredging. Komabe, kuchepa mu matope saloledwa ambiri akuya-kujambula zombo kusuntha momasuka mwa njirayi. Pa zombo, mu madoko zotsatirazi Azov mubale zimamuchulukira.

The Yenikale pansi wapezeka pa mapazi 12-14. Pafupi ndi dera limeneli limatchedwa-baka ichidachi madzi ndime ukufika 18-23 mapazi. M'dera la Kamysh-Burun kuya ranges ku mapazi 22-24. Mu Chongeleka zone, mu kwambiri pakati pa ilo kufika pansi, m'pofunika kutsikira akuya mapazi 42-45.

The malangizo kulumikiza ndi Danagiyu Takil, ndime madzi mapazi 58-60 ali Kerchensky Khwalala. Kuya ndipo m'lifupi posungira aliyense zone amasiyana. Kodi muli osaya Yenikale mzere, anakumba ngalande kutalika kwa mtunda wokwana. Danga madzi m'tawuni ino - 18 mapazi.

nyengo

Ziribe kanthu kumene kachigawo Kerch Khwalala ali, nyengo mu m'litali chimodzimodzi. Madzi anayamba konzekera pa mapeto a May, kutentha pa thermometer ndi kufika kwa chizindikiro mu 24-25 ° C amaundana. Ngati mavuto amaoneka bwanji, m'chaka akafika mpaka mamita 10, ndipo nthawi yotentha pali dontho kwambiri ake atatu ndipo kenako mamita awiri.

M'nyengo yozizira, madzi m'dera la m'mphepete mwa nyanja pang'ono yokutidwa ndi ayezi ndi chipale chofewa. The khwalala yaitali akufanana munda chipale anaphimba, chogwidwa ndi mphepo yamphamvu kufika 15 m / s, n'kulowera ayezi ndi theka mita yoweyula. Panyanja katundu nyengo (zilipo pafupifupi chaka chonse) inaimitsidwa pa dziwe.

Childs, otaya imatsogoleredwa ku Nyanja ya Azov kwa Black Sea. Komabe, milandu munthu Mwachitsanzo, zikamera wa mphepo yamphamvu kum'mwera, amatha kusintha madzi. Pa gombe kugwa mvula yokha zochepa. Putin choikidwa mapeto a autumn, kumatenga miyezi ingapo.

padoko Features

Kerch Khwalala, m'lifupi ndilo chifukwa osonyeza gombe ndi anapangidwa ndi mchenga mipiringidzo otsika, oyenera zokopa alendo. Coast anapanga Kerch chilumba ndi phiri, ndipo phompho pamiyala. Miyala mapiri pamwamba magombe kuno ndi kukangamira pamwamba madzi. katundu wambiri aumbike mwa Taman Peninsula, Komano, ndi otsika.

Chifukwa wosaperewera mvula gombe Khwalala chimakwirira zomera ochepa. gombe anapatsidwa ndi mzere tortuous kwambiri. Iwo amadula mu poluostrovkov ambiri tomwe coves. Ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi kutambasula mu madzi motalika mchenga malovu.

Boma zachuma

Development wa nsomba ndi kutumiza - maziko a zachuma m'deralo dera. Mchere dera wolemera. Cape Iron Horn, anayala m'mphepete mwa nyanja kum'mwera kwa Taman, Only Msikawu madipoziti chitsulo miyala. Ndiye anapeza malo apadera ndi kutulutsidwa kwa zitsulo mwachindunji padziko lapansi. miyalayo limayenda mu chitsulo iwo mpaka 33%. Industrial m'zigawo za chitsulo kuti 1930s mu dera limeneli ikuchitika. anthu ankachita nawo monga kutolera mbale, tchipisi ku zigawo miyala ndi wambirimbiri m'madzi osaya.

bwato

Pond ndi akale ankaona wokongola polumikizira likulu. Chifukwa wapadera Hrs ya m'mudzi, cholizira Intermedia nyanja, anthu osiyanasiyana wakale kuti akuyendera ntchito wofuna. Atsamunda Greek anamanga pano Panticapaeum mzinda - likulu la Bosporan Ufumu.

Zosowa zakale Panticapaeum ndi mayendedwe yaikulu mtsempha wamagazi a kale Zapakati - ndi silika Road - sanali lidzapulumuka, ndipo tsopano pa gawo limene iye anali, anatambasula ndi ngwazi kumzinda wa Kerch. Woyamba wokhazikika mtanda ankawoloka mosungiramo zoti mu chi Panticapaeum.

Pamudzi Porfmy analola kuwoloka Khwalala ya katundu ndi anthu. Okulira anagonjetsa kupalasa ndi boti ziwiya. Posankha malo a mzinda, panalibe kanthu mwangozi. Kufufuza zimene kachigawo Kerch Khwalala mu malo enaake, Agiriki anatha kupeza malo narrowest wa posungira, ndipo patapita anamangidwira Porfmy.

Masiku ano Kerch Khwalala, amene m'lifupi m'dera la za 5 makilomita, ali okonzeka ndi doko "Crimea". Chifukwa boti anakwanitsa kukhazikitsa kuthekera posts okhazikika kusungira doko "Kavkaz". Ancient kuthetsa Porfmy zinthu ngati zinachitika kuti kale ndi mbiri yakale zinachitika Kerch boti.

Kufika zaka nkhondo

khama kwambiri akulumikiza m'malire a Kuban ndi Crimea tinapangidwa mwa 40s Mu zaka zapitazo usilikali. German lamulo wotanganidwa Kerch, phindu njira ya mzinda wofunika kwambiri. The Germany ankadziwa kuti zimene kachigawo Kerch Khwalala, koma kodi kuwopsyeza, ndipo zili ndi okulira pontoon mlatho, ndithu kufupikitsa yopita ku zigawo Caucasus mafuta wopatsa. Iwo akupanga ntchito kuchita mwachangu kuphunzitsa kumanga mlatho. Tsatirani dongosolo anatiyangata zinthu yovuta asilikali pafupi Kerch. asilikali Soviet amene anamasulidwa mzinda, akuyesera kuthetsa yemweyo pachimake ubwenzi nkhani: mwa kundipatsako kwa katundu asilikali a ku gombe la Caucasus mu Crimea doko.

Mzere kutsogolo unachitikira pafupi posungira, kotero kwambiri shelled asilikali lopondereza. Izi chinalepheretsa Kulumikizana othodwa zoyendera nyanja. Pakuti sizinali zotheka kumanga mlatho zonse, anamanga chingwe galimoto, yomwe inapangitsa zotumiza pa khwalala mu katundu galimoto. Izo zinatumizidwa tsiku ndi tsiku zokhudza 300 matani mitundu yonse ya mankhwala. Ndipo kokha pamene Crimea dziko kwathunthu anamasulidwa, anayamba kumanga wapadera mlatho sitima kuchokera ku zipangizo analanda mwa Kerch Khwalala. M'lifupi mlatho magawowa ufulu kayendedwe zoyendera sitima.

Overpass, osati okonzeka ledolomami inatenga zocheperatu. Kumanga, sanathe kulimbana ndi mavuto ayezi chimphona anakomoka. Ukugwira kumangidwanso sanali, inathetsedwa yekha m'mabwinja a chinthu pamalo abwino zofunika, kulepheretsa navigation.

Kufika mu zaka unawonongedwa

Mu 1950s, ndi kumanga nkhokwe pa boti anayamba. Kumangidwa, amene anadza kugwira ntchito mu 1954, ukugwira ntchito lero. Iwo anapeza udindo wa mzera lonse limene kukanyamula okwera, magalimoto ndi sitima. A m'lifupi ina ya Kerch Khwalala (chithunzi m'nkhani ino) watha kukhala chopinga chachikulu.

Choyamba ndinawapanikiza 2 boti, kutenga m'ngalawa magalimoto katundu pa mzere. Ndiye zombo zingapo nawo (vagonopriemnikov kapangidwe akhala anawonjezera) yonyamula sitima zonyamula anthu. galimoto pa malo ufulu sitima msonkhano, nthunzi kapena kuti zinatumizidwa kuti, popanda kuika ngolo. Knurling boti ngolo pogwiritsa ntchito sitima ziwiri.

Mu 1970 ndi kufika anali okonzeka ndi ziwiri galimoto boti kuchangamutsa. Ndi maonekedwe awo, anthu ambiri amachita chidwi ndi zimene kachigawo Kerch Khwalala, chifukwa zotengera opareshoni ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira popanda vuto mu nthawi yophimba madzi pamwamba ayezi. Mmodzi wa mabwato, ayezi breakers anatsogolera chilolezo kwa fairway ayezi, ndi kuthawa chachiwiri pa mzere. Mu Mipingo mochedwa, linagwirizana ndi avtoparom wina.

kudutsa ntchito pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR

Ziwiya anali kugwirira ntchito kwa woposa zaka forte, inkafunika wamakono. mavuto azachuma komanso azandale anatsata kugwa kwa USSR, anali mapeto a njanji kulankhulana kupyolera mu Kerch Khwalala. M'lifupi mwa thupi madzi ayambanso chopinga chachikulu chifukwa chakuti mabwato akulu olembedwa, mu zidutswa, ndi zombo zatsopano samaperekedwa.

Action bwato, suspend mpaka 2004, anayambiranso pambuyo kukonza ndi kumanganso gawo sitima ndi kupereka ake chotengera chimodzi. Woyamba kubwezeretsedwa boti katundu sitima. Mu 2005, iwo anali okonzeka ndi wina njanji boti.

Ntchito kwa malo ndi zochitika odziwika ikuchitika pa nthawi yomweyo mayiko awiri - Ukraine ndi Russia. Co-makonzedwe zinali ndi malamulo mapangano intergovernmental. Mayendedwe sitima sitima, magalimoto ndi anthu kunachitidwa padziko koloko.

Tsopano zikuchitika zingamuthandize za ulendo, ukunenedwa kudzapeza otaya katundu atapezeka m'lifupi chachikulu cha Kerch Khwalala. Mabwato ndi ziwiya zina ayenera kukhala pansi kukhathamiritsa, umene kusintha ndondomeko yabwino ndi bwino ntchito m'basimo. Akukhulupirira kuti chitukuko zingawonjezere matulukidwe mphamvu kuwoloka, makamaka m'chilimwe pamene otaya Apaulendo ndi magalimoto kumawonjezera kwambiri.

kugwirizana Transport ndi boti

Kerch Basi - omasuka mayendedwe likulu. Iye anaika angapo maulendo basi kutenga okwera ku doko "Crimea", Yalta, Sevastopol, Simferopol ndi mizinda ina Crimea. Choncho iwo anapanga osati uthenga wakunja kwatawuni pano kunayamba maulendo ambiri m'tawuni. City Centre amalankhulira ndi midzi yozungulira chifukwa cha kayendedwe ka mabasi, minibuses ndi kufufuta trolleybus mzere. Platz Phunzitsani Station ili pa khomo Kerch.

Kerch mlatho

Kukula bwino mtsempha wamagazi dera zoyendera zimagwiritsa ntchito yomanga mlatho. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti zonse mayendedwe njira yolumikiza ya Kuban ndi Crimea, amalimbikitsa chitukuko cha chuma dera.

Pakali pano, ziribe kanthu chimene kachigawo Kerch Khwalala mu malo enaake pa mosungiramo ndi akuthamanga kuzungulira zana ziwiya. Madzi ndime kubisa kayendedwe ka nsomba ndi zinsinsi wamphamvu mizinda anasefukira wakale, zipilala ndipo ambiri zombo olowa ya nyengo zosiyana za dziko lapansi.