Khamar-Daban: kufotokoza, mapu, photos, nyanja Mtima ndi kukwera njinga

Mmodzi wa mitandadza kwambiri wakale wa dziko, kuyambira ku kummawa mpaka kumadzulo makilomita 350 kum'mwera ndipo anapanga Baikal lamapiri, Khamar-Daban ili mu dera Irkutsk ndi Buryatia. Iwo ali ndi m'lifupi makilomita 80, chimbuzi - mamita 2396. Nthawi zina, Khamar-Daban - lokwera, amene ndi malire utsogoleri pakati pa zigawo izi.

mwachidule

Osiyanasiyana dzina The amachokera ku chinenero Buryat "Hamar" - "mphuno", "Daban" - "phiri chindipitirire", "chishalo". Nthawi zina "Hamar" likumasuliridwa kuti "mtedza paini", mu nkhani iyi, dzina zikumveka ngati "Walnut chiphaso." Pa chiyambi cha dzina la a yaing'ono phiri pakhomo anasiyanitsa zigwa Slyudyanskoye, Kultuchnaya ndi yopapatiza miyala promontory ngati anagwa m'nyanja. Kale panali nsembe. Iye anawatcha chinenero Buryat Eich-Shulun, amene anamasuliridwa kuti "mwala choipa." Masiku ano, iye ali imadziwika Ula. Patapita nthawi yaitali, dzina la Khamar-Daban mapiri walandira onse beseni ndi Tunka kum'mawa kwa chigwa cha mtsinje Selenga.

dera uyu ali mawonekedwe waku Arc, chimene kumalire chigwa cha Baikal. Amakhala ranges ikuluikulu phiri, amene yodziwika ndi pamaso pa nsonga anamaliza ndi pakalibe kutchulidwa lokwera. Kumbali yakumpoto izo zikutsiriza mwadzidzidzi kuti Baikal. Kum'mwera kuchepetsa kwambiri pang'onopang'ono - lokwera likupita ku Khabar Small-Daban ndi Selenga mapiri pakati.

The chimbuzi cha lokwera ndi

Phiri Khan-Ola (2371 m) ntchito yomasulira zikumveka ngati "mfumu ya phiri" ndipo ankaona chimbuzi cha khamu la. Pang'ono wolephera Sochor ake - "motley" (2316 m), komanso otchuka pakati apaulendo Cherskiy pachimake (2090 m). Ndithu nthawi yaitali iye ankaona chimbuzi cha lokwera ndipo anatenga dzina chomwecho.

magwero

Khamar- daban anapanga miyala akulu Archean Proterozoic (shales, gneiss, miyala). Komanso, kapangidwe kake - mapiri igneous miyala (granites). Palinso ano tectonic kulimbikitsa (pansi, kukokololoka kwa madzi, zigumukire, kugumuka). Mu malo ya kumapiri mukhoza kuona kuda Quaternary glaciation.

nyengo

Chifukwa cha mapiri atali, ndi lalikulu madzi okwanira dera anapanga mbali nyengo ya Khamar-Daban, ndi chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona m'nkhani ino. Mu malo awa, komanso mu South Baikal dera, mvula chaka chonse. Mu okwera chithunzi lino mpaka 2000 mamilimita pa chaka. Malo otsetsereka chisanu masentimita 80 120.

M'nyengo yozizira pafupifupi kutentha madigiri -17-18, koma nthawi akhoza kusiya monga otsika monga madigiri -35. Wapakati chilimwe kutentha ndi +15. Mu August, kunagwa chipale chofewa mwina oyambirira, ndi chivundikiro khola limapezeka kumapeto kwa September ndi akukhalabe mpaka April kapena May.

zomera

Pa Khamar-Daban zomera ndi mosamalitsa anagawa malinga mabacteria msinkhu. meters mpaka 1500-2000 makamaka kukula spruce-paini, nkhalango spruce-paini ndi yamawangamawanga ka mitengo deciduous. M'malire kumtunda kwa nkhalango kukula mkungudza.

Kuyambira mamita 1550 ndi 1700 (dazi lamba) chogwidwa ndi Oil ndi paini woodland, tchire (Heather, golide rhododendron, zokwawa mkungudza).

Pamalo okwera pamwamba mamita 1,700 - phiri Titafika pamalo ndi lichens ndi Moss.

dziko nyama

The zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe malo a khamu walola mitundu ya nyama ndi mbalame ndi ndithu womasuka m'deralo. M'nkhalango alipidwa wofiira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphalapala, mphalapala, Boar zakutchire, amphaka, zofiirira chimbalangondo, sable, wolverine ndi nyama zina. Komanso, ali kunyumba kwa mbalame zosiyanasiyana.

Nyanja Mtima mu Khamar-Daban

Izi nyanja kwabasi ili mu mapiri a zosiyanasiyana m'chigwa pafupi Cherskiy pachimake. Zinali naye view wapadera mtima nyanja. N'chifukwa chake zimasonyeza bwinobwino, anapita ku dzina lake. Small nyanja pa wozungulira akhoza molambalala kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu. Ndi okongola kuyang'ana kutali sanamugwiritse Iye mwala apaulendo amene anafika pafupi naye. The madzi nyanjayi ndi yowala simargedo, ndi umaonekera mapiri ndi thambo kumaliza chithunzi chabwino. Mu July, kugombe nyanja okutidwa ndi udzu yowala wobiriwira ndipo zosiyanasiyana mitundu.

Pakutha August - chiyambi cha September, iwo kwathunthu kutha, malo awo palibe zazing'ono achikasu, masamba obiriwira wa Bergenia ndi zomera zina zokongola.

M'ma September mutha kuona mawanga achisanu, ndipo pofika kumapeto kwa mwezi chisanu kale atagona pa magombe a nthawi.

Kukwera kwa Khamar-Daban

Monga ndikufuna kukuchenjezani inu kuti kukwera aliyense amafuna olimba thupi ndi luso yeniyeni. Muyeneranso kudziwa aliyense amene kupita kokayenda mu Khamar-Daban - mapu chigawo ayenera kukhala membala aliyense wa ulendo wa. Today ife timathandiza kuti masiku asanu kukwera njira yosavuta. chiwembu chake chiri motere: Kultuk - Komarinsky Ridge - Nyanja Mtima - Cherskiy Peak - Mdyerekezi Lake - Mtsinje Slyudyanka - Kultuk.

Komarinsky lokwera ndi mbali ya Khamar-Daban. The chimbuzi cha izo - Cherskiy Peak. Pali awiri kuonerera nsanja kumene mukhoza amasirira maganizo zidzasintha wa Sayan ndi Khamar-Daban. Akuthamanga pamodzi lokwera njira Mongolian Starokomarskoy msewu, yomwe inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Pambuyo kuoneka pa njanji Trans-Siberia salinso okhudzidwa njira apaulendo, ndi lero ndi pafupifupi kanthu.

Pamene inu mufika siteshoni nyengo, ndi njira lagawidwa pawiri. Mmodzi wa njinga yatsopano adzatsogolera inu pachimake cha Cherskiy ndi zina kutsika mu gorge kwa mtsinje Podkomarnoy.

Makamaka chidwi njirayi chitunda pachimake Cherskogo. Pa njira yanu kukumana mitengo kuchepa - akuyamba chigawo cha lichens ndi ndere. Ikuyandikira pamwamba wa pochitika miyala ndi lakuthwa zitunda ndi otsetsereka. Ndipo pansi pa iwo - malire gorge.

Mmodzi wa iwo ndi Nyanja Mtima umene umayenda mtsinje waung'ono Mangutayka. Pa nsonga ya Cherskogo pafupifupi zomera. Ngakhale m'miyezi yotentha, awasungira m'madera shaded chisanu. Kuchokera pamwamba ake amapereka panorama zazikulu.

Podkomarnaya mtsinje ali mathithi ambiri ndi mathithi. Iwo ali onse mawonekedwe choyambirira ndi oyenera mwangwiro mu malo achilengedwe. Njira akupitiriza kukwera ndi idzakuthandizani kukhala Mdyerekezi Chipata zomwe zikugwirizana chigwa choyambitsa ndi Podkomarnoy mitsinje.

nyanja Mdyerekezi

Ndi amasiyana kotheratu ndi Mtima Lake. Si ili mu beseni ndi okwera. Ndi osaya - zosaposa mamita awiri kapena atatu. Ndi pafupifupi zophimbidwa ndi algae kuti alenge chitsanzo choyambirira pa madzi. Only kumpoto, kum'mawa kwa nyanja pali gawo laling'ono la gombe la miyala. Pano mukhoza kusambira - ngakhale kuti ndi pa okwera mkulu - mamita 1730, madzi umafunda mmenemo kwambiri zokwanira.

Ku siteshoni nyengo njira akupita ku Cossack glade. Izi ndi malo mwachilungamo lalikulu ndi kwathunthu mosabisa pa phiri. dzanja lamanja lake mbali kwathunthu pfunde ndi lamanzere ndi mouma. Pofunika ndi wokongola kwambiri, makamaka July, chifukwa mitundu yambiri ya anthu, pali kukula. Adzabwerenso ulendo wa njira chimadutsa ndi gorge la mtsinje Slyudyanka. Kufika ku banki wina ndi mzake adzakupatsani ulendo wanu ndi kukoma wosaiwalika. zojambula zazikulu za unyolo phiri la Khamar-Daban, ndi galasi mpweya bwino nkhalango coniferous, madzulo ndi moto, mosakayika muzakumbukira kwa nthawi yaitali.