Mohs lonse. Kuuma pa Mohs lonse

Mohs lonse - 10-mfundo lonse, zinalengedwa ndi Karl Friedrich Mohs mu 1812, zimene zimathandiza inu kuyerekeza kuuma mchere. The lonse amapereka Mkhalidwe osati kudzitamandira kachulukidwe wa kuuma kwa mwala.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Kuti akonze Mohs lonse ntchito 10 muyezo mchere - talc, gypsum, calcite, fluorite, apatite, orthoclase, khwatsi, topazi, rube ndi diamondi. Mchere anaika mu dongosolo la kuwonjezeka kuuma, kudzitengera mfundo zake poyambira mfundo kuti zimakhalapo kovuta mchere lililonse limatisokoneza. Calcite Mwachitsanzo, zikande gypsum ndi calcite kuti zikande nkhokwe fluorite, ndi mchere kupanga kutha talc. Popeza mchere analandira mfundo lolingana mu Mohs lonse kuuma: -1 choko, gypsum - 2, calcite - 3, fluorite - 4. zofufuza anasonyezanso kuti mchere amene kuuma ndi pansipa 6, zochepa chabe galasi, amene kuuma ndi apamwamba kuposa 6 - zikande galasi . Kuuma zenera pamlingo izi ndi pafupifupi 6.5.

Miyala, ndi kuuma kuposa 6, ndi kukonzedwa diamondi.

Mohs lonse chabe Chiyerekezo akhakula mchere kuuma. A muyeso zolondola - kulimba mtheradi.

mchere malo Mohs lonse

Mchere mu lonse la imakonzedwa mu dongosolo la kuuma. The chofewetsetsa ndi kuuma 1, zochepa chabe ndi fingernail, mwachitsanzo, talc (choko). Komanso pali angapo olimba mchere - ulexit, Amber, muscovite. kuuma awo pa Mohs lonse ndi yaing'ono - 2. amenewa mchere zofewa si opukutidwa, zomwe zimasokoneza ntchito zawo zodzikongoletsera. Wokongola miyala ndi kuuma otsika ndi yokongola, ndipo amakhala yotchipa. Ena mwa iwo nthawi zambiri alendo.

Mchere ndi kuuma 3 mpaka 5 mosavuta zochepa chabe ndi mpeni. Gagate, rhodochrosite, Malachite, rhodonite, nofeki, yade cabochon zambiri kupukutidwa bwino opukutidwa (zambiri ndi ntchito za okusayidi nthaka). mchere si kugonjetsedwa ndi madzi.

Olimba mchere zodzikongoletsera, diamondi, zamtengo wapatali, emeralds, miyala ya safiro, topazi ndi mabomba asonyezedwa malingana chilungamo, ndi mitundu, pamaso zosafunika. zamtengo wapatali Stellate kapena miyala ya safiro, mwachitsanzo, tadulidwa cabochons kutsindika mwala zachilendo mitundu mandala tadulidwa ovals, mabwalo kapena madontho, monga diamondi.

miyala zodzikongoletsera

mchere onse amene kuuma ndi zosakwana 7 pa sikelo ya, amaonedwa wofatsa, anthu pamwamba 7 - zovuta. Olimba mchere amenable kwa processing diamondi, zosiyanasiyana mbali zotheka, chilungamo, ndi m'chipani kuwapanga iwo abwino ntchito zodzikongoletsera.

diamondi kuuma pa Mohs lonse 10. diamondi tadulidwa kuti processing wa imfa anali kochepa mu thanthwe. Azisonyeza diamondi ndipo anaitana diamondi. Chifukwa chakulimba ake okwezeka ndi kukana kwa kutentha, diamondi pafupifupi wosatha.

Kuuma ya rube ndi safiro pang'ono m'munsi kuuma diamondi ndi 9 pa Mohs lonse. Mtengo wa miyala iyi, komanso emeralds, malingana ndi mtundu, chilungamo, ndi chiwerengero cha kupunduka - ndi mandala zambiri mwala, mtundu kwambiri komanso kupatula izo ming'alu, ndi apamwamba a mtengo.

miyala semiprecious

Pang'ono m'munsimu diamondi ndi corundum ofunika topazi ndi garnets. kuuma awo pa Mohs lonse mfundo 7-8. miyala iyi bwino ankachitira diamondi. Price zimadalira mtundu. The zakuya za mtundu wa topazi ndi garnet, mtengo kwambiri mankhwala chidzakhala choyenera. The analitamanda kwambiri n'zochepa kwambiri chikasu topazi ndi garnets wofiirira (madzhority). Mwala wotsiriza ndi chosowa mtengo wake ukhoza kukhala apamwamba kuposa diamondi koyera.

Wachikuda tourmalines: pinki (rubellite), buluu (indicolite), zobiriwira (verdelite), vembe tourmaline umatchedwanso miyala theka-mtengo wapatali. Transparent apamwamba tourmalines zopezeka mu chikhalidwe chosowa kwambiri, choncho nthawi zina zodula pyrope ndi buluu topazi, ndi chivwende (pinki ndi wobiriwira) mwala okhometsa simutopa kusaka. Kuuma miyala pa Mohs lonse si mkulu ndi chimachititsa mfundo 7-7.5. miyala iyi bwino kupukuta, sasintha mtundu, koma kupeza chidutswa zodzikongoletsera ndi tourmaline yowala mandala - sitiroko weniweni wa zonse.

The zosiyanasiyana wakuda wa tourmaline (schorl) akunena kuti miyala yokongola. Schorl olimba, koma pa nthawi yomweyo Chimaona mwala, omwe mosavuta adzawonongedwa pa processing. Ndi chifukwa chake wakuda tourmaline zambiri anagulitsa Popanda kuchitapo kanthu. Schorl ankaona chithumwa wamphamvu woteteza.

ntchito luso

Mchere ndi miyala ndi kuuma mkulu ankagwiritsa ntchito makampani. Mwachitsanzo, lubwe Mohs kuuma - 5 mpaka 7, malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa Mica m'menemo. thanthwe ili molimba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito yomanga monga mfundo kumaliza.

miyala ya safiro colorless kapena leicosapphires, ngakhale chakulimba mkulu ndi m'chipani wachibale, si mu ankafuna ndi jewelers, koma ankagwiritsa ntchito laser ndi zipangizo zina kuwala.

Othandiza ntchito sikelo ya

Ngakhale kuti sikelo ya Mohs kuuma chimangooneka ndi Mkhalidwe, osati ziyenera kachulukidwe, izo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nthaka. Ntchito Mohs lonse nthaka ndi mineralogy akhoza pafupifupi kudziwa mtundu osadziwika malingana chiwopsezo ake kuti kukanda ndi mpeni kapena galasi. Pafupifupi onse magwero amasonyeza kuuma mchere ndi pa Mohs lonse, osati kulimba awo mtheradi.

Mu zodzikongoletsera Mohs lonse amadziwikanso ankagwiritsa ntchito. The kuuma mwala chimadalira pa njira options ake mankhwala resurfacing ndi zida zofunikira.

Other mamba kuuma

Mohs lonse - osati lonse kuuma. Pali ena mamba ena kuti zochokera luso mchere ndi zipangizo kukana mapindikidwe. Wotchuka wa iwo - Rockwell. Rockwell njira yosavuta - akuchokera kuyeza malowedwe mozama za indenter kuya kwa nkhaniyo. Monga daimondi indenter nsonga nthawi ntchito. Dziwani kuti mchere wa kawirikawiri poyera kuphunzira njira Rockwell, kaŵirikaŵiri ntchito zitsulo ndi kasakaniza wazitsulo.

Mofananamo anamanga gombe kuuma mamba. Pagombe kuuma njira walola mtima wa zitsulo ndi zinthu zambiri zotanuka (labala, pulasitiki).