Kodi Ebola: siptomy ndi mankhwala a malungo

Ebola ... zokhudza izo kwa miyezi ingapo zonse Intaneti, palibe kumasuka TV chokwanira popanda iwo. Okwana sankaona kuti kunali vuto dera, koma madokotala Dziwani kuti matenda si ndendende kufalitsa kupitirira Africa miyezi ingapo yapitayo. Nthawiyi, kale matenda, nzika osachepera awiri US. A angapo kuchipatala kapena kunyumba (choletsedwa kuchoka). Nanga izo, momwe kuthana ndi matenda, ndi mmene pochitika Ebola? Ndipo mwayi ngati zikuoneka mu Russia? Wogwila Rospotrebnadzor ankanena kuti osachepera. Panopa Komabe, kafukufuku wapadera ndi ophunzira ochokera m'mayiko African amene akuphunzira mu dziko lathu. A bungwe kuyenda ndi wokakamizidwa kuteteza alendo Russian ukupitadi "wakuda Africa", imene m'mayiko Ebola yafalikira.

HIV

Matendawa amayamba ndi mavairasi a dzina lomweli - wamkulu mawonekedwe a moyo. Ndi RNA molekyulu, anaika mu m'chimake wapadera zozitetezera. Izi otchedwa filoviruses. Lifikira maselo a thupi la umunthu ndi kumasula mu cytoplasm zakuthupi awo majini. Chifukwa, selo imayamba kubereka chofunika mapuloteni HIV. N'zofunika kwa kubalana ake. Nthawi zambiri, selo yokha waonongeka.

Ebola bypasses a asilikali oteteza wa chamoyo. Iwo neutralizes zotsatira za interferon - chinthu udindo polimbana kumuopseza kunja kwa chipindacho.

Ambiri, mavairasi - ndi zamoyo chodabwitsa ndi mwachinsinsi. Iwo ili m'malire a moyo ndi zopanda. Ndipotu, iwo alibe kagayidwe, iwo Usaigwedezere paokha ndi ntchito mulole kokha mkati maselo a khamu lake. Mavairasi - ndi majeremusi. Mpaka pano asayansi sakanakhoza kubwera kwa mapeto yotsimikizika wawo unayambira. Ndipo komabe ndi ufumu ochuluka kuposa. Mavairasi kulikonse. Apa Mwachitsanzo, mu madzi nyanja amsupuni pafupifupi miliyoni! Mu umodzi, asayansi amavomereza: izi onyamula mudziwe majini adanyamuka nthawi yayitali. Ndiponso udindo wawo zamoyo wa zamoyo ndi akulu. Ndipotu, munthu chabe theka la majini ofanana ndi chibadwa cha mavairasi!

malungo hemorrhagic

Choncho mwasayansi likutchedwa Ebola. amadzibisa Kodi mawu amenewa? mtundu wonse uwu wa matenda ndi tizilombo. Ambiri, sukhala maselo mtima. Choncho magazi lolemera. Pali mitundu ingapo ya malungo hemorrhagic, ndi onse a iwo ali oyanjana ndi mavairasi osiyana. kutengerapo Recent kapena makamu awo achilengedwe (akasinja) kapena zamoyo. Pakuti malungo hemorrhagic kawirikawiri onyamula makoswe, monga mbewa munda (kwa Ebola ndi loopsali, kudya zipatso).

Mtundu wa matenda owopsa kwambiri kwa anthu, ngakhale ena katemera unakhazikitsidwa kale. Nthawi zambiri odwala amafa ndi chitukuko cha mantha opatsirana mankhwala ndi kulephera kwa ziwalo zonse. Pankhani ya Ebola komanso imfa kwambiri magazi.

mbiri zachipatala

Akukhulupirira kuti poyamba nkhani matenda chinachitika mu 1976. HIV anazindikiritsidwa mu Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo). Izo zinachitika pafupi ndi mtsinje wa Ebola. Choncho dzina. Ebola ku Sudan, akunena miyoyo ya munthu zana ndi makumi asanu limodzi. Mu Zaire anafa mazana awiri ndi makumi asanu ndi atatu.

N'zotheka kuti anthu a m'deralo kachilombo m'mbuyomu. Kafukufuku wa posachedwapa anatsimikizira kukhalapo kwa chitetezo ku magazi peresenti isanu ndi iwiri ya anthu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu ambiri kudwala matenda.

Lero panali malipoti oposa makumi atatu matenda Ebola lonse. nainte nthawi iyi zinali kuchitika pa Afrika: adamva zowawa m'mayiko asanu ndi anayi. Koma ena, monga Mwachitsanzo, Tunisia, Ebola mpaka anapulumuka. Kawiri iye anayamba kudwala mu Russia, onse pansi zasayansi zinthu limadzetsa imfa banal kusasamala antchito.

Kubuka matendawa pamlingo waung'ono chabe zinachitika ku United Kingdom (1976 - anthu 1 matenda), United States (1990 -. 4) (. Mu 1990 ndi 2008, anthu okwana asanu ndi awiri) ndi Philippines. Kuyambira 2000 mpaka mu 2001 ku Uganda, Sudan Ebola kachilombo anthu mazana anayi makumi awiri ndi asanu. Zinali kwambiri zikuluzikulu mliri wa matenda mpaka 2014. Pa yotsirizira yekha mu Africa Zaire zosintha HIV ndi kachilombo anthu oposa zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri, theka anafa. ndi chifukwa kuwonjezeka kumeneku chiwerengero cha milandu chiyani?

Mbiri ya mliri wotsiriza

Linayamba Guinea kumapeto 2013 December 26, 2013 anamwalira zaka ziwiri Mnyamata wina dzina lake Emil, ndipo patapita mlungu umodzi anamwalira mlongo wake chaka zitatu. Onse anadwala mwana woyamba, akadali osadziwika. Ndiye iwo anayamba kufa ndi wotsatira awo m'bale. Ena ali kale loyandikana Sierra Leone-ndi Liberia. Chifukwa m'mayiko amenewa sanali okonzeka? Ndipo chifukwa mwakuwoneka vuto m'dera The World Health Organization anakakamizidwa kuvomereza kuopseza lonse lapansi? matenda atsopano zimachitika tsiku lililonse, ndipo Kudaonekeratu poyera, monga Ebola pakati pa anthu, koma izo zikanakhala zotheka kuti asiye izo mwa njira ochiritsira?

chimayambitsa

Umphawi, njala ndi boma osauka mankhwala m'derali, komanso kusowa kuzindikira alionse - izi ndi zifukwa zimene WHO limasonyeza (Health Organization World). Koma mwina chopambana - ndi umbombo wa anthu. Ebola - ndi matenda aakulu ndi zovuta. Koma cha malungo hemorrhagic analenga katemera. Koma Ebola komabe alibe mankhwala. Chinthu ndi chitukuko kumafuna khama ndiponso ndalama ya ndalama lalikulu. Ndipo sanapite makampani chachikulu mankhwala, monga msika anali n'chochepa kwambiri, ndipo katemera kapena mankhwala kunapezeka mtengo kwambiri. Ndipo pamene zochepa ndalama mlingo wa anthu a mayiko African kumene Ebola ambiri amapezeka silingakhale kugula izo. Mpaka siteji zina za kafukufuku ikuchitika mmodzi wa US mabungwe asilikali, ndiyeno kuti adziteteze Ebola ngati munthu wina kupita kwa ntchito ngati chida kwachilengedwenso. Koma patapita zaka zingapo cha ndalama polojekiti ndi Anatseka. Koma tsopano, pamene zinadziwika kuti malungo si choncho n'zosavuta kubisa, maiko otukuka a dziko akadali nawo ntchito.

Kodi munthu?

Popeza nthendayo bwino bwino, zodabwitsa, ife tikhoza ndikuganiza amene chonyamulira. asayansi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mosungiramo zachilengedwe a Ebola ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya mileme.

Latest HIV sayambitsa vuto lililonse. mbewa izi kudya zipatso, iwo nadkusyvayut kapena kuponyamo zidutswa pansi. Ndipo anthu, nayenso anasankha anyani, HIV amene ali wakupha. Koma palibe amene anganene motsimikiza mmene amapatsirana nyama nyama Ebola, njira za kufala ake mu nkhalango ndi pafupifupi sanapite. Inayamba lotsiriza la nthenda ya likuoneka kutha kwa anthu a anyani mu dera African. Nanga anasamutsa Ebola munthu? Amadziwika kuti anthu am'deralo zambiri kudya nyama nkhalango, kuphatikizapo anyani ubongo. Komanso, chifukwa zikuluzikulu kudula mitengo mileme anayamba kukhazikika oyandikira anthu azikhalamo. Ndipo chifukwa cha zipatso kachilombo tikanakhoza kutola kapena kusokoneza akulu ndi ana omwe.

Kodi Ebola pakati pa anthu?

Childs, HIV imafalikira kudzera m'madzi monga magazi, malovu, mucosal kumaliseche. Komanso, inu mukhoza kutenga umuna kachilombo ndipo kupyolera. Gated HIV ndi zotupa pa khungu ndi nembanemba mucous.

Choncho nsomba Ebola zitha kukhala mu mwachindunji kukhudzana ndi wodwalayo. Pakali pano, kufala kwa HIV kwa anthu ndi matenda droplet analemba. Koma malungo ndi chimodzi cha matenda ambiri opatsirana. Mwina chifukwa komanso kudzera mwa zinthu zimene anthu amakonda.

Chifukwa milandu zambiri?

Njira yaikulu kulimbana mnzake kachilombo koopsa, kumene palibe mankhwala, ndi kwaokha kwambiri. gawo Mudali mliri wa matenda, kodi kwathunthu pafupi. Zikuonekeratu kuti kutero si nthawi yomweyo anaganiza zifukwa abwino. Ndipo pamene malungo yafalikira m'mayiko ambiri, anthu zosatheka. Chifukwa china chachikulu yogawa mkulu-liwiro anali umbuli wa anthu wamba ndi madokotala. Mu magawo oyambirira n'zovuta kudziwa kuti ndi Ebola - malungo, zizindikiro zimene amafanana chimfine kwambiri kapena malungo. Ndipo kokha pamene wodwala amayamba kutaya magazi, pali kukayikirana malungo hemorrhagic. Zolondola matenda a inawo n'chotheka mu zasayansi okonzeka.

Mu masiku oyambirira, ndipo ngakhale masabata odwala mliri anayikidwa ayi mu mabokosi osiyana, ndi m'misasa onse. Ndipo kale kumeneko chinafalikira kudzera madokotala si bwino kwambiri wodwala wina ndi mzake. chiwerengero cha kachilombo mu njira imeneyi yaikulu. madokotala yekha anapha oposa mazana awiri!

mtundu m'dera

Chinthu china mu kafalitsidwe liwiro malungo, ndi osaphunzira ndi osauka kuzindikira anthu. miyezi yochepa m'midzi anayamba kuyenda anthu oyankhula ndi memo, zomwe anauza anthu za kapewedwe ndi zizindikiro za matenda lowopsya. Pakali pano, wachitatu wa onse omwe - ndi achibale ndi anzake a anthu amene anapezeka ndi kachilomboka pa malo oyamba. Apa yofunika kwambiri nyimbo ndi miyambo ya m'derali. Malinga ndi iwowa, anthu anasonkhana maliro a abale awo ndi kachilombo ndi mitembo. Mofanana ndi ablution lomaliza. HIV imafala kuchokera mtembo anthu kwa mwezi wina. Mwina pali zifukwa zina - Ebola kukuchitika lero.

ziyembekezo kung'anima

WHO limati mu posachedwa m'tsogolo kuchuluka kwa milandu ya dera adzakhala ndinayima. Chofunika, kodi ndi woopsa Ebola - yayamba madera ena. Mwachitsanzo, mu Tunisia. Ebola sizinawakhudze apo panobe, koma pali, monga m'mayiko ena, izo kale kudikira ndi mantha kwambiri. News mu masiku otsiriza - US amatumiza zikwi ziwiri asilikali kulimbana ndi matendawa. Kodi kuthandiza kupirira asilikali HIV, n'zomveka: iwo ali, mu Mwina kukhala "pafupi" gawo.

Chiritsani kwa Ebola

Chirengedwe cha katemera ngati m'tsogolo, malinga ndi asayansi ambiri, ndi chodziwikiratu. Chifukwa cha ichi lagona chosadziwa za HIV, ndi pakalibe zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika. Ndi kale momveka bwino kuti mayiko African okha kulenga katemera sadzatero. M'zipatala mulibe mabedi zokwanira kwa odwala onse pa mphindi. Pa nthawi yomweyo mabungwe amatenga kupweteka kwambiri: ndalama allocated, ndi virologists padziko lonse anatumiza kuthana ndi matenda m'khutu.

Kodi kuchiza malungo lero?

Izo ziri zodziwika bwino kuti pamene inayamba kopitirira zotsatira woopsa n'zotheka makumi asanu pa milandu. Makamaka odwala kufa zizindikiro. Iyi ndi imfa kwambiri magazi, mantha, kuledzera ndi kukana kwa ziwalo zonse.

Kotero tsopano, ngati matenda - Ebola mankhwala - ndi makamaka wothandiza mankhwala. Wodwala aikidwa mu bokosi osiyana, kumene kutumikiridwa njira m'nsinga zatu. Man kapena akuchira kapena kufa. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, nthawi zina kuthandiza mankhwala komanso koma palibe kutali osati onse. A mawu ochepa kwambiri za kale. Poyamba choletsedwacho ankaona kuba ntchito zochizira mankhwala experimental amene anapambana mayesero zogwirizana pa anthu. Mu zochitika posachedwapa mu WHO Africa kale kuitana kofunika.

Madokotala anayamba achire malungo magazi, kuti nthawi kasanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu kokayezetsa HIV. Komabe, njira imeneyi kunachitika kale mu magawo mochedwa. Ndipo si bwino zimene zinachititsa ayambe: ku magazi kapena mapuloteni chitetezo rekovalentov Kachiromboka anagonjetsa yekha.

zizindikiro

Yotsirizira amaoneka osiyanasiyana monga masiku awiri kuti milungu itatu pambuyo matenda omwe HIV. Akukhulupirira kuti isanafike maonekedwe awo matenda si opatsirana.

Ebola (zizindikiro) akuyamba mwadzidzidzi. Komanso, poyamba sanali enieni zizindikiro: malungo, kufooka, kupweteka kwa mutu, zilonda zapakhosi, kutsekula m'mimba. Izo zinali kokha pambuyo aonekera kusanza ndi totupa. Mpatuko madzi m'thupi, pali ululu mu chifuwa. Pafupifupi theka la milandu la totupa akuwonekera. Ndiye tikhoza ndi Mwina mkulu kunena kuti ndi Ebola. Zizindikiro za zimenezi. Maso bloodshot. Yafupika impso ntchito ndi chiwindi. Magazi nembanemba mucous: ndi m'kamwa, mphuno, kapepala m'mimba, nyini. Yotsirizira lingaliro Mwina mkulu wa imfa. Childs, odwala kufa pa sabata lachiwiri la matenda. Ngati izi sizichitika pa imeneyi kwa masiku asanu ndi khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, munthu akuchira. Pambuyo pa matenda kwa nthawi yaitali, pangakhale mavuto ndi maganizo, anthu kuonda kwambiri, tsitsi akugwa.

Kodi sadzamwalira?

Pakali pano, Ebola - malungo, zizindikiro zimene kale, mwina anthu onse a mu Africa. Kodi si kuti ali ndi tchimolo? Osati kudzacheza Africa pa nthawi ya kubuka oopsa. Osati amakhudzana ndi anthu odwala.

Komanso, hemorrhagic malungo (chifukwa cha mavairasi zina, zimene kale katemera) auŵakhe m'dera lathu. Makamaka samalani inu kukhala alimi, chifukwa matenda akutsatiridwa ndi mbewa kumunda. Mubwereze manja anu atagwira ntchito m'munda. Musadye pansi ndipo kuchokera pansi. Ngati ntchito mwadzidzidzi zizindikiro nonspecific tatchulazi (ndipo kawirikawiri amaoneka ngati malungo onse hemorrhagic), dokotala nthawi yomweyo.