Kodi ndi mmene kukula nkhuyu?

Nkhuyu - wamkulu otentha chomera misa ya wapadera ndi zothandiza katundu, amene mokondera anachepetsa. The Latin dzina la chikhalidwe a mtundu Ficus (Ficus carica). Zomera m'madera osiyana otchedwa mkuyu, nkhuyu kapena mkuyu. kutchuka lonse kuti walandira kuchokera kalelo. Malinga ndi ena osiyanasiyana pa nkhani ya Chipangano Chakale, ndicho nkhuyu analawa Adamu ndi Hava chipatso choletsedwa.

Ambiri dzina la zipatso ndi bwino, koma ochepa mukudziwa za katundu zopindulitsa ndiponso makhalidwe ena a mbewu wamkulu horticultural, kuphatikizapo kumene, kukula nkhuyu. Photos ndi kufotokozera mwachidule m'munsimu adzakhala saulula onse mudziwe chidwi ndi zofunika.

zothandiza zimatha

Nkhuyu, chifukwa katundu zopindulitsa uli m'bukuli, ndi chimodzi cha zipatso thanzi kwambiri. Iye sali zovulaza thanzi, koma pali ena contraindications ntchito zake Mwachitsanzo, anthu ndi gout ndi matenda a thirakiti m'mimba ndi chipatso ichi sindingakhoze. zipatso zouma ndi osavomerezeka kumwa woyembekezera, shuga. Mlingo tsiku la munthu wathanzi - 3-4 zipatso.

Nkhuyu zothandiza mwatsopano ndi zouma Fomu kupewa matenda ambiri ndi thanzi labwino. Mu mankhwala, zipatso za mtengo wa mkuyu ntchito monga njira:

• antibacterial;
• bala machiritso;
• antiparasitic;
• umoyo;
• protivoonkologicheskogo.

Nkhuyu ndi kuwonda ndi kuphika kunyumba

Nkhuyu zouma, kupatula china chilichonse, ndi zothandiza kuwonda, chifukwa masamba kumverera kwa satiety kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo ali pang'ono mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba kwenikweni. Komanso zinthu zabwinozabwino, zipatso ndi mkulu palatability. Koma ngakhale kukoma kwake caloric zipatso mu wotsika (49 kcal pa magalamu 100). Zipatso ntchito mwatsopano zouma ndi mawonekedwe zam'chitini. Izo zimatengera lowopsya kupanikizana, maswiti, madzi ndi vinyo, kotero nkhuyu anapeza dzina lina "mkuyu".

Masamba a mkuyu mu India ntchito ngati chakudya kwa ziweto, ndi France monga chuma yaiwisi kwa kupanga mafuta onunkhiritsa latsopano onunkhira. Mkuyu lalabala chikukhudza: Asidiyu malic, labala renin, resins, ndi zina zambiri zinthu zamtengo wapatali. Pambuyo kukhudzana ndi lalabala kuyamwa pa khungu lanu ngati sanafafanizidwe yomweyo, ndipo mukhoza kupeza sakumvetsa.

Kodi kukula?

Izi chitsamba chilichonse chachikulu (8-10 m) ndi nthambi wakuda ndi yosalala yotakata korona. Tsinde awiri chifikira masentimita 18, mizu lonse - 15 m, akuya 6 mamita mizu. masamba lalikulu la mkuyu molimbika mano m'goli limodzi m'mbali mwa mdima-wobiriwira imvi wobiriwira mtundu. M'litali pepala ndi masentimita 15 m'lifupi - 12 cm.

Good kudziwa: mitengo yonse ya Ficus anawagawa anthu aamuna ndi aakazi ndi mungu mavu awo blastofagi wakuda. mavu izi kuchita bwino ntchito zawo, kotero kuti umboni - mkulu zokolola.

The inflorescences wa mtengo pali dzenje zazing'ono pamwamba kupyolera amene kubereketsa zomera zikuchitika. Ndipo pa mtengo zimene kukula nkhuyu, zimatengera, zipatso edible kapena ayi, izi ndi akazi okha, omwe maluwa sitingafunikire kutero kubereketsa zomera.

Nkhuyu, peyala woboola pakati amakula 10 cm yaitali, wokoma ndi yowutsa mudyo lachikasu wobiriwira kapena mdima wofiirira. Ndiye chotengera dzenje ndi yaing'ono minofu mamba pang'ono chatsekedwa. Kukula ndi mtundu wa zipatso zimadalira zosiyanasiyana ndi. Ambiri amaonedwa kukhala mdima buluu, chikasu ndi lachikasu wobiriwira.

zipatso zosapsa sangathe kudya, chifukwa iwo ali lalabala inedible. Malinga zosiyanasiyana nkhuyu okhwima anyamula kwa mbewu 30 1600 lalikulu yaing'ono. Kukula zinthu zabwino, mkuyu angathe kubala zipatso kwa zaka 200. Blossom mtengo akhoza kangapo pa zaka, koma zipatso ndi yomatidwa mapeto a nthawi ofunda, kuyambira m'chilimwe m'dzinja.

Kodi ilo limakula?

Malinga ndi azambiriyakale ambiri, mtengo wa mkuyu ndi woyamba munthu kuŵetedwa zomera, amene amalimidwa tsiku kumbuyo zaka 5000 zapitazo. Ficus mbiri dziko la Saudi Arabia, kumene chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zakudya ndi mafakitale zachipatala. M'kupita kwa nthawi, m'dera limene ilo limakula nkhuyu, yafalikira ku Ulaya ndi Canary Islands.

Back mu 1530 zipatso zoyamba za ficus anayesa England, komwe mbewu zinkachokera ku South Africa, Australia, Japan, China ndi India. Mbiri ya nkhuyu American akuyamba ndi 1560, n'kubwera mbewu anayamba kukula mu Mexico.

M'dera Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan), ndipo pa wakuda Sea gombe la Russia (Abkhazia, South gombe la Crimea) ficus limakula kwa nthawi yaitali. Kodi nkhuyu kukula mu Russia mu nyengo zakutchire ndi ofunda ndi owuma. m'madera ambiri m'minda zili loyandikana Turkey, Greece ndi Italy, ndi Portugal.

Mu Venezuela, zipatso izi lero mmodzi wa anthu otchuka. pulogalamu boma analengedwa mu 1960, chifukwa cha umene unayamba chitukuko mwakhama mafakitale mbewu imeneyi. Mu Colombia, kwa nthawi yaitali anayesedwa nkhuyu mwanaalirenji. Today maganizo chipatso zasintha chifukwa pali kukula nkhuyu uliwonse m'munda. zinthu zinali zabwino kwambiri, koma chikondi cha Berry sichinachepe.

Nyengo ndi nthaka

Mu kotentha ndi mayiko nkhuyu kukula pa dera akakhala pa mamita 800-1800 pamwamba pa nyanja. Undemanding ndi Hardy chomera, kutentha kugonjetsedwa kwa -20 ° C. Youma nyengo - makhalidwe abwino kwa kulima zipatso. Pamene chinyezi zipatso kuyamba osokoneza ndi kuloŵa pansi mwamsanga. Komatu overdried nyengo limakhudza anthu khalidwe la fruiting, zipatso anayamba kuguluka, palibe nthawi kuti zipse.

Kulima ndi oyenera nthaka iliyonse, malinga pali bwino cholinga dongosolo ulimi wothirira ndi oyenera:

• wolemera loam;
• lolemera dongo;
• kuwala mchenga;
• anajambulapo;
• acidic nthaka.

Nkhuyu kukula bwino pafupi ndi zikhalidwe zina, pa lathyathyathya mtunda, malo otsetsereka, miyala ndi scree. Mitengo pafupifupi si bwanji matenda, ndi majeremusi osiyanasiyana.

Kodi zipatso zosowa kukula mu Russia?

N'zosatheka, koma kukhala mbewu subtropical zingakhale bwino zedi nyengo yathu kumpoto ndipo ngakhale frosts aakulu yozizira lidzabweretsa kukolola. Iwo okha kumafuna njira yoyenera ulimi.

Kodi nkhuyu kukula zakutchire, ndi tsiku kutentha pafupifupi wa +10 ° C kwa lonse kutentha kukula nyengo ndalama adza kwa +4000 ° C. Pamlingo izi idzapereka mvula ndi khola. Choncho, n'kofunika paokha kupereka zikhalidwe zomwezo kwa kulima chikhalidwe ntchito njira ngalande.

Akamaziwononga, ndi pogona lamulo kubzala yozizira mkuyu kungakhale chapakati Russia. Ngakhale mu Caucasus ndi Crimea kumachitika mu zakutchire-kukula mawonekedwe. M'dera Krasnodar mu October-November, nkhuyu amafuna zinthu zapadera hothouse kuti apulumuke yozizira. M'madera ndi zikuchepa chokhala ndi chikhalidwe nyengo zimaŵetedwa ku conservatories ndi greenhouses. Maluwa nkhuyu pa chaka 2-3 mutabzala. Mkulu zokolola umakhala ndi zaka 7-9. Culture zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu, cuttings ndi layering.

Kodi kukula nkhuyu kunyumba?

Kubzala mu nyumba anasankha mitundu nyenyezi yaing'ono. Mbande zambiri kukhala miphika kapena mabokosi, kuti iwo akhoza kukhala kovuta msewu kapena khonde. Chomera ayenera kulandira cholowa chawo cha dzuwa, ndipo miyezi ingapo chaka. Izi zachitika pamene unakhazikitsidwa kale nyengo yofunda ndi usiku ndithudi amaundana. Mphamvu kubzala anasankha cholimba kupirira bwino chatsanulidwa nthaka ndi kulemera kwa mbewu.

Nthaka osokonezeka mu anapangira 2: 1: 2 mchenga ndi manyowa. Kupanga umodzi mtengo thunthu pamene kutalika kwa 0.5 mamita uzitsine kwenikweni. Chaka chilichonse, mphamvu ayenera kusinthidwa, komanso nthaka, chifukwa nkhuyu kukula mofulumira ndi dongosolo lawo muzu amafunika malo. Mu mtengo bokosi kupatsa zipatso maulendo 3 chaka: m'chaka, chilimwe ndi mochedwa kugwa. Nkofunika kupereka kutentha zina ndi kuwala kwa masamba masika fruiting si kutha asanakalambe.

Features wa kulima

wamaluwa ambiri nkhawa kuyimitsidwa wa zomera zikule ndi kukhetsa masamba m'nyengo zina ngakhale makonzedwe a kuisamalira. Experience Sikuti chifukwa nkhuyu kukula mu mayiko ndi imatengedwa mtengo mitundu amene ali nthawi yopuma. Panthawi imeneyi mtengo aikidwa pa malo ozizira, ndipo ayenera kuyamba chakudya chabe ndi madzi.

Nkhuyu chakula kunyumba, nthawi zambiri kubala zipatso ndi kupereka zokoma, yowutsa mudyo ndipo wathanzi zipatso, zomwe ndi katundu zakudya zake si otsika Anzawo m'munda yozizira. Tree umapulumuka bwino m'deralo, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Nkofunika kudziwa mmene kukula nkhuyu ndipo kumbukirani kuti kupyolera mizu, yomwe ili pa mkuyu ndi pafupifupi pansi, ndipo iye afika zakudya zonse, kuphatikizapo mpweya wofunika kwambiri.

Choncho, alimi odziwa mosamala ndipo nthawi kumasula nthaka pafupi thunthu. Kumadera kumene nyengo si youma kwambiri wosavuta ndi njira kukula mu pafupi mbiya bwalo la udzu ndi kutchetcha izo. ficus ambiri anabzala ngati chomera yokongola chifukwa masamba ndi wokongola kwambiri - chachikulu ndi makolokoto.

Kodi nkhuyu kukula mu Crimea?

Mu Crimea, nkhuyu kubala zipatso kawiri, ndipo itanani zipatso izi monga choncho ngakhale nkhuyu, kapena nkhuyu. Nyengo yoyamba ya kucha midsummer, wachiwiri - kuchokera August kwa September. Kuphatikizapo mitundu kunja, mu Crimea, pali pafupifupi 280 mitundu ya zomera. Zinachitikira chodzala mbewu izi anapeza ambiri, ngakhale mafakitale akadali sizinawakhudze. Nkhuyu kukula mu Crimea ndi anasiya malo, kuchokera apo, iye zikungoyenda kuthengo, koma kutha.

Academician Sitimayo inagunda P. S. ankakhulupirira kuti mitengo yakale kukula pa Crimea chilumba, anakhalabe kuyambira nthawi ya Greece ndi umboni wakuti kuswana ulimi wakale chikhalidwe pa mayiko amenewa. Komabe, m'zaka XVIII, chitukuko horticultural wagwa mu kuwonongeka.

Nikita Botanical Garden

Chiyambireni cha nkhuyu lotsatira m'ma kwambiri chinkhoswe ndi asayansi wa Nikitsky Botanical Garden, amene anayamba kuphunzira osati zomera, komanso kusonyeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana, amene anali mu 1904 kale 110. Masiku ano, kuphatikizapo kusankha inatha, munda chopereka zikuphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 200 ya nkhuyu. Mu botanical, inu mukhoza kugula mbewu za mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ndinazolowera m'madera osiyanasiyana Russia.

Nthawi zambiri, mitengo zimapezeka pa chakumwera, kumene inu mukhoza kuwona wofiirira ndi woyera zipatso zouma zouma ndi zamzitini m'misika. Kodi mu nkhuyu Crimea kukula, mukhoza kugula zipatso ndi mitundu kunja pa maalumali angapezeke kawirikawiri. Mu maonekedwe atsopano, anafika ife chabe samafuna, chifukwa salola zoyendera yaitali. Ngati munachita kusamalira kupeza izi, m'pofunika kusankha mosamala. Iwo ayenera kukhala wopanda kuwonongeka, wandiweyani, koma mbamuikha ndi batani yaing'ono.

Ngati nkhuyu?

Nkhuyu - chipatso wapadera, m'pofunika m'njira ina iliyonse kapena pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena. Mwatsopano zipatso kunyenga molunjika kuchokera mtengo ndi kudya monga apulo, ndi yowutsa mudyo ndipo wokoma kwambiri. Osiyanasiyana, mungathe nyengo ndi kirimu wowawasa kirimu, nyama, mowa kapena mtedza. Youma Berry anawonjezera kuti saladi kapena chofufumitsa, komanso zokoma Mothandizana ndi zouma zipatso zina kapena zipatso candied. Mwatsopano nkhuyu kuwonongeka, choncho kusunga ali osavomerezeka bwino kudya mwamsanga. The pazipita kuti akhoza kuziwerenga - masiku 3 mu firiji.

Zambiri zanenedwa za katundu zopindulitsa ndiponso mmene kukula nkhuyu. Photos angathetsedwe si bwino kwambiri chipatso, ambiri, ndi njira, ine sindimakonda momwe icho chikuwonekera, koma kukoma ndi chofunika kwambiri kwa katundu musakhale zochepa.

Kodi aliyense kusangalala ndi zipatso za mtengo wa mkuyu?

Nkhuyu zouma - weniweni "woyamba thandizo zida", ndi antidepressant wabwino, normalizes magazi, amapereka mphamvu ndi kuonjezera umoyo. Kugwiritsa yothetsera chimfine - Zouma zipatso yophika mu mkaka ndi kumwa. Good thandizo ndi matenda ndi zilonda zapakhosi. Malinga ndi wokhutira nkhuyu CHIKWANGWANI kungakhale umboni weniweni, potaziyamu ndi zambiri walnuts yekha, chitsulo kuposa maapulo. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa ntchito kwa anthu akuvutika akusowa chitsulo magazi m'thupi.