Kodi ndi phindu lanji kuti mutenge ngongole? Mitundu ya wogula ngongole

Pakakhala kufunika kwa ndalama, achibale ndi abwenzi sangathe kuthandizira, funsolo limabwera nthawi yomweyo pamene kulipindulitsa kwambiri kubweza ngongole. Ndondomeko iti yomwe mungasankhe: banki kapena PDA, pawnshop kapena MFI? Wokongola mtsogolo ayenera kuyang'ana mozama za mphamvu zawo ndi ubwino wawo, chifukwa potsirizira pake, ndizo zifukwa zomwe zidzatsimikizire kumene angapeze ngongole yobwereketsa ndalama.

Kodi ngongole ya ogula ndi chiyani?

Ngongole ya ogula ndi ndalama zimene banki kapena bungwe lina la ngongole limapereka kwa wobwereka. Ndalama zomwe zapatsidwa ziyenera kubwezedwa mwezi uliwonse, ndi kulipira kukakamizidwa kwa ndalama za anthu ena.

Ngongole za ogulitsa zimagawidwa m'magulu angapo. Tsopano tiwunika.

Mwa mtundu wa ngongole

Kufunsa komwe kuli phindu kubweza ngongole - ku banki kapena ku ngongole ndi ogulitsa ogulitsa, tidzayesa kupeza yankho. Ndiko kuti, wobwereketsa sangakhale banki yokha.

Mwa mtundu wa zolinga

Ngongole za banki zimagawanika kukhala kulandira ndalama, kugula mankhwala kapena ntchito zinazake. Izi ndizo ngongole yapadera, yomwe imadziwika ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri: kuchepa kwa chaka, kuchepetsa malipiro ake, komanso mwayi wopeza ndalama zothandizira boma (gwiritsani ntchito ngongole ya maphunziro ndi thandizo la boma). Wokongola, pokongoza ngongoleyo, salandira ndalama mwachindunji, amatumizidwa mwachindunji kwa wogulitsa katunduyo kapena mawonekedwe mu fomu yopanda ndalama.

Ngongole yomwe siidalandidwe, imaphatikizapo kulandira ndalama zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosamala komanso osapereka bungwe la ngongole ndi lipoti la ndalama za ngongole zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa wobwereka.

Mwa mtundu wa chitetezo

Ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa zimatha kuthandizidwa ndi chikole, mwachitsanzo, ndi lonjezo, kapena mgwirizano wa chigamulo. Monga chikole, katundu (wosuntha ndi wosasunthika) akhoza kuchita. Zikakhala kuti wobwereka ali ndi ndalama zomwe sangathe kulipira ngongoleyo, banki idzatenga katundu wake ngati chikole. Ngati pali mgwirizano wa chigamulo, ndiye kuti wobwereka sangathe kulipira ngongoleyo, udindo wake udzapatsidwa kwa guarantor. Pamene amapereka chitetezo, peresenti ya pachaka ndi yochepa kusiyana ndi popanda.

Ngongole zopanda chitetezo, kapena, mwachindunji, zopanda kanthu, zimaperekedwa ndi banki okha kwa omwe ali ndi ngongole omwe ali ndi ndalama zowonjezera ndi ulamuliro mu mbiriyakale ya ngongole. Ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa pa nkhaniyi ndizopangidwira njira zogwirira ntchito za banki, koma ndipamwamba kwambiri pachaka.

Mwa mtundu wa wobwereka

Gawoli, limagawidwa m'magulu angapo. Mwachitsanzo, mabanja a achinyamata omwe sali oposa zaka 30 adzalandira ngongole ya wogula ndi thandizo la boma. Ngongole yotere ikhoza kubwerekedwa (kubwereketsa ngongole, ngongole ya galimoto) kapena chilengedwe chonse (chosadziwika).

Pomwe tikukambirana gulu lotsatira, timapeza yankho la funso la komwe kuli phindu kulandira ngongole kwa ndalama kwa anthu omwe amapita ku penshoni. Ngongole za ogulitsa ogulitsidwa ndi mabanki kupita kwa anthu ogwidwa ntchito pantchito zimachokera ku gwero lodalirika la ndalama monga penshoni. Kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito ngongole imeneyi, m'pofunika kusunga chikhalidwe choyenera - wobwereketsa ndalama ayenera kugwira ntchito. Kupeza penshoni komanso kukhala ndi ntchito kumathandiza kuti pulogalamu ya penshoni ipeze ndalama pazinthu zokongola za ngongole.

Mwini ngongole yodalirika - ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa obwereka omwe ali ndi mbiri yabwino ya ngongole ndikugwiritsanso ntchito ku banki ya ngongole. Ngati munthu akuchiritsidwa mobwerezabwereza, wobwereketsayo ayenera kungochita zochepa, pambuyo pake adzalandira ndalama zobwereka.

Mwa mtundu wa kulipira

Mungathe kulipira ngongole m'njira ziwiri.

Malipiro a Standard - msonkho. Ndi malipiro amodzimodzi omwe amalipidwa pamwezi kapena pamwezi. Malipiro angakhale osasinthika kapena osasintha.

Nthawi imodzi - ndi kupanga ndalama yamtengo wapatali kwa tsiku lina lofotokozedwa mu mgwirizano wa ngongole.

Pansi pa zovomerezeka

Ndalama yamtengo wapatali imaperekedwa kwa aliyense wogwira ntchitoyo. Ngongole imeneyi ndi yotchuka kwambiri. Bungwe limaganizira momwe aliyense wakongoletsera akugwiritsira ntchito payekha, ndipo ndalama zomwe amapatsidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa solvency.

Malipiro owonjezereka, omwe amakhalanso opitilira, amadzipereka kupereka kwa wobwereka osati ngongole yonseyo pokhapokha, koma pang'onopang'ono kusinthidwa mkati mwa nthawi yapadera. Chothandiza pa nkhaniyi ndi chakuti wobwereka angakhale otsimikiza kuti adzalandira ndalama zomwe adaziwonetsera pulojekitiyi.

Mwa mtundu wa mawu

Kodi kuli kotani kopindulitsa kutenga ngongole ya ndalama ku Russia, poganizira zovuta zachuma? Masiku ano, mabanki a ku Russia, omwe amapereka ngongole kwa chiwerengero cha anthu, amawagawa kukhala aifupi, komwe kulipira kwachepera kwa chaka chimodzi, komanso kwa nthawi yaitali, pamwambapa. Ngongole zazing'ono zimatulutsidwa kwa nthawi inayake (kawirikawiri sichidutsa miyezi 12) kapena pakufunidwa. Ndiye, ngati palibe nthawi yokwanira yobwezera ngongoleyo, bankiyo ili ndi ufulu wofunsa kwa wobwereka kubwezera ngongoleyo nthawi iliyonse.

Kulandira ngongole ya ogula ku banki

Anthu omwe ali ndi zaka 18 (kapena ali ndi zaka 21, chigawochi chimakhazikitsidwa ndi bungwe la banki) ndipo osadutsa malire a zaka 70 angathe kuitanitsa ngongole.

Bungwe lirilonse limakhazikitsa mosamala malamulo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa omwe akufuna kulandira ngongole. Koma pali zofunikira zonse ku mabanki onse - wobwereka ali ndi malo osungira ndalama. Gwero la ndalama limamveka ngati malipiro. Komanso, wobwereka akhoza kudziwitsa banki za kupezeka kwa njira zina zopezera ndalama, mwachitsanzo, phindu kuchokera ku malo osungirako katundu (nyumba, garaja kapena malo ena) kapena malipiro kuchokera ku zinsinsi. Zoterezi zidzafunikira kulembedwa.

Monga momwe zikalatazo zinaperekera, pasipoti ya boma ndi yovomerezeka kulembedwa kwamuyaya kumbali ya kukhalapo kwa banki. Sitifiketi chodziŵitsa malipiro a wobwereka ndi chikalata cha ntchito yake chidzakhalanso zofunikira zolembera ndalama. Pofuna kulandira ngongole yosagwiritsidwa ntchito, banki ikhoza kupempha munthu wobwereketsa kuti apereke zikalata zoonjezerapo: tikiti ya nkhondo, chikalata chokwatirana / kuthetsa / kusudzulana, ndi zolemba zothandizira.

Ngati wobwereka akugwera pazinthu zina za banki, zingathe kuchepetsa chidwi cha pachaka chomwe apatsidwa ndi banki ndi kufulumizitsa ndondomeko yoyenera:

1. Wokongola akugwa mu zaka kuyambira zaka 25 mpaka 45.
2. Malipiro a mwezi wa mlendo wa wobwereka apangidwa ku khadi la banki ya ngongole.
3. Wokongola amakhala ndi ntchito yaikulu.
4. Wokongola amakhala mbiri yakale ya ngongole.

Ndalama zogulira ngongole zimaperekedwa ndi banki

Malingana ndi malamulo omwe alipo tsopano, bankiyi ikuimbidwa kuti iwonetsere chiwongoladzanja cha chiwongoladzanja kwa wobwereka. Zimayimira kuchuluka kwa chiwongoladzanja cha pachaka komanso ma komiti angapo a banki. Ndiyesoyi kuti banki iwerengere chidwi chogwiritsira ntchito ngongole, kotero musanayambe kulemba mgwirizano, m'pofunika kuti mudziwe bwino mfundoyi.

Komiti yotetezedwa ndi banki

Kwa ngongole iliyonse yotengedwa ndi banki, komiti yaikidwa. Makomiti angakhale amodzi, omwe wobwereka amalipira kamodzi kokha, mwachitsanzo, powongolera pempho la ngongole, komiti yopereka ngongole. Ngati wobwereka abwereranso ngongole yobwezeretsa ngongole, pakhomopo, komitiyo ikhozanso kuimbidwa mlandu.

Malipiro a komiti nthawi zonse ndiwo: kukonza pachaka kadhi la ngongole, kupereka ndalama kuchokera ku khadi la ngongole. Chifukwa cha makomiti onse, wobwereka ayenera kusankha komwe kuli phindu kulandira ngongole.

Kubwezera kwa ngongole ya ogula

Pali njira ziwiri zomwe mungabwezerere ngongole: kusiyana ndi ndalama. Mwachibadwidwe, mabanki ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa malipiro, zomwe zimapanga ndalama zokwanira mwezi uliwonse. Malipiro a ndalama zimakhala ndi magawo awiri: ngongole yaikulu ndi chidwi. Mwezi uliwonse pali kuchuluka kwa malipiro, omwe amatumizidwa kukabwezera ngongole yaikulu, ndipo kuchuluka kwa chiwongoladzanja, mosiyana, kumachepetsanso. Mwa njira iyi yobwezera ngongole, chiwongoladzanja cha servicing chimawonjezeredwa kwa ndalama zotsalira zotsalira.

Njira yosiyanitsira ngongole ndiyo kupanga malipiro osiyana pamwezi, kuyambira ndi yaikulu, ndikuchepa.

Bungwe lirilonse lamabanki silidakondwera posachedwa kubwereketsa ngongole, kotero mabanki amachititsa kuti pakhale chilango chokhazikika, pamene wobwereka alibe ufulu kubwezera ngongoleyo panthawi yake. Kawirikawiri zimakhala kuyambira miyezi 1 mpaka 6. Kapena, mabanki ena amavomereza kubwezera ngongole pasanapite nthawi, koma nthawi yomweyo amalipira msonkho pa 1-12% ya ndalama zomwe zimalipidwa patsogolo pake. Chifukwa chake, ndikudabwa kuti mungapeze ngongole yochuluka bwanji, ndibwino kukonzekera ma komiti osiyanasiyana komanso mitengo ya chiwongoladzanja.

Koperative Consumer Cooperative (CCP)

Ngati wobwereka pa chifukwa chilichonse sakufuna kulankhulana ndi banki, ndiye kuti mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ku CCP. Tiyeni tiyesere kuyankha funso loti kuli phindu lanji kulandira ngongole ku Yekaterinburg. Mu CCP, yomwe mumzindawu muli mabungwe oposa 20. Uwu ndiwo "mgwirizano", "Golden Fund", "Thandizo" ndi ena.

Koperative yogulitsa ngongole ndi mgwirizano, umene umaphatikizapo anthu ndi mabungwe alamulo ogwirizana ndi mbali inayake.

Kuti muyenerere ndalama, muyenera:

1. Khalani membala ndipo perekani malipiro amodzi.
2. Khalani wamkulu.
3. Lembani kulembetsa ku Russia.

Malemba omwe angaperekedwe kwa ngongole ndi awa:

1. Pasipoti ya boma.
2. Sungani.
3. Chiphaso chosonyeza kuchuluka kwa ndalama zothandizira kubwereka (ngati wogwira ntchito akubwereka ngongole kwa nthawi yoyamba, kapena malipiro ake kapena penshoni imatumizidwa ku akaunti yake kwa ogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, satifiketi sichifunika).

Ndalama zotheka kuti CCP ikhoze kupereka sizingapitirire 10% ya ngongole zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa ngati tsiku la chisankho chopereka.

Malamulo a kubwezera amawerengedwa payekha kwa aliyense wogwira nawo ntchito, ndipo amasonyezedwa mu ndondomeko ya malipiro yomwe ili pamsonkhano wa ngongole.

Pambuyo poyang'ana zofunikira za CCP kwa wobwereka, aliyense mwayekha amasankha komwe kuli phindu kubweza ngongole.

Mafilimu

Ngati wobwereka sangadzitamande chifukwa chokhala ndi mbiri yakale ya ngongole, ndipo pali mantha kuti banki kapena CCP sichidzamupatsa ndalama, muyenera kulankhulana ndi bungwe la zachuma (MFI). Kodi kuli phindu lanji kutenga ngongole ya ndalama ku Omsk? Kodi ndi MFI iti yomwe ndiyenera kuilankhulana nayo? Masiku ano mumzinda wa Omsk muli ma CRF oposa 30 omwe ali okonzeka kugwirizana ndi iwo omwe akufuna kubweza ngongole.

Kutulutsa ngongole ndi losavuta: muyenera kufika pa zaka zambiri ndipo mupereke chikalata cha boma (pasipoti). MFI iliyonse imakhala ndi ndalama zosachepera komanso ndalama zochepa zowononga ndalama. Nthawi yobwererayo imasiyananso. Mwachitsanzo, Express Express ili wokonzeka kupereka makrigalamu 100,000 pa 0,4% patsiku ndi kubwezera kwa miyezi 24. Ndipo "Asanalipire", mmalo mwake, amapereka ruble zopitirira 10,000, ndipo amapereka 1% patsiku ndi nthawi yobwezera masiku 20.

Apa kusankha ndiko kwa wobwereka, komwe angapeze ngongole yobwereketsa ndalama.

Pawnshop

Ngati wobwereka safuna kudikirira chisankho cha kampani ya ngongole ndi kudzaza zofunikira ndi mafunso, akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pawnshop. Kodi kuli phindu lanji kulandira ngongole ku Moscow? Mu pawnshop.

Kumeneko mungatenge zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa ndi golidi, ndi zokongoletsera zopangidwa ndi siliva, miyala yamtengo wapatali, maulonda. Pali gulu la nsanja zapamwamba zomwe zimatenga zipangizo zapanyumba, mafoni a m'manja ndi zovala zauvala monga cholowa.

Pambuyo pokambirana za bungwe loyendetsera ngongole, aliyense wobwereka amasankha malo omwe ndi phindu lopiritsa ngongole kwa wogula.

Masiku ano ku Russia, ngongole zambiri zimapereka kwa aliyense wa ngongole. Pamene mukuwerenga, kumene kuli phindu kutenga ngongole ya ndalama (ndemanga pa intaneti), palibe yankho lomveka bwino lomwe chithandizo cha ngongole chiyenera kuchitidwa. Mlandu uliwonse uli payekha ndipo aliyense ayenera kupeza njira yabwino yekha.