Kodi n'zotheka kulankhula ndi alendo? Tinakwera pali alendo Padziko Lapansi?

Back mu m'ma 1960, mwambo ulendo woyamba kulankhula ndi alendo, ntchito luso mkulu. Ndiye, mkasidi wotchedwa Frank Drake poganiza kugwira chizindikiro kwa alendo anatumiza nyenyezi ziwiri sunlike wailesi zakutali. Iwo ili pa mtunda wa zaka 11 kuwala kwa dzikoli. kuyesera sanali kubala chipatso. Komabe, pa m'ma hafu lotsatira ngakhale tilibe kukhudzana ndi alendo, koma anaphunzira za iwo pang'ono.

Kodi pali moyo m'mlengalenga

Choyamba, maphunziro imachitika posachedwapa akusonyeza kuti moyo padziko lathuli akhoza anakhalabe mu zinthu kwambiri kwambiri. Tizilombo, kutafuna methane, moyo pansi pa nyanja pa miyala. Iwo amatha kupulumuka mu mapangidwe mpweya wokwanira, ngakhale kuya kwambiri. Angapezeke ngakhale Antarctica, pansi theka kilometre wosanjikiza ayezi, umene anthu ambiri a zaka sanali kuswa dzuwa. Ngati tizilomboto izi kupulumuka mu kwambiri zinthu, m'pomveka kuganiza kuti pa maplaneti ena zosamukira monga kulandidwa.

Chachiwiri, akatswiri ena anapeza kuti madzi madzi, umene ndi chizindikiro cha moyo pa dziko, sikuti kuli pa Dziko Lapansi. Mwachitsanzo, Europe ndi Ganymede (Kanema wa Jupiter) kubisa nyanja zikuluzikulu, zimene muli chinachake chofanana ndi dziko pansi padziko wake kozizira. chiyembekezo chabwino cha moyo amasonyeza ndi miyezi ambiri Saturn. Titan, wotchuka kwambiri ndi yaikulu mwezi wa Saturn, ali wosamvetsetseka dziko nyanja.

Chachitatu, asayansi atulukira oposa 1,800 exoplanets kunja dongosolo lathu dzuwa. The Milky Way ukhoza kukhala pafupi zankhaninkhani, zachilengedwe. Mmodzi mwa asanu a iwo akhoza kukhala ngati Earth. Ngakhala 1% ya mapulaneti onse mu Milky Way, adzakhala ofanana Dziko Lapansi, manambala adzakhala chidwi kwambiri. Choncho, akatswiri akhala akufufuza moyo mu mlengalenga.

Kodi alendo kufika pa Dziko Lapansi

Pali umboni kuti dziko kalelo kuyendera extraterrestrials. Mfundo Zina sindingakhoze basi zinakhalako chinachake.

Mwachitsanzo, "zakale chachilendo" anapeza zinthu zakale. Magwero a zinthu izi momveka bwino zopangidwa, koma m'badwo wawo Akuti pa mazana a zaka mamiliyoni ambiri. Pomanga mlatho wolumikiza Vladivostok kwa chilumba Russian, zitsulo zidutswa mu ndime nthaka anapezeka, amene zaka zaka miliyoni 240. Mayesero imachitika kwa zasayansi asonyeza kuti ali mbali ya asilikali mwatsatanetsatane. Koma amene akhoza kupanga pa nthawi imeneyo?

Lilliput manda, anapeza mu 1937 pa malire a Tibet ndi China, komabe musataye zina asayansi. Pa umodzi wa headstones Kwalembedwa kuti dziko lapansi 13 chikwi. Zaka zapitazo kunabwera madontho, koma sitima inaonongeka, kotero iwo anakakamizika kukhala pa dziko lino lapansi. Mwina ndiye, yoyamba ndi alendo. Lang'anani, mu malo awa kuyambira moyo Lilliputians, amene kukula si upambana masentimita 120. Iwo amadzitcha okha ana a madontho.

umboni wina kuti alendo anapita Lapansi, - Baibulo. Mu Bukhu la Ezekieli, komanso mu Old Testament akufotokoza zida luso kuti angelo ndi Mulungu ankakonda kubwera pansi. Kumene zimenezi zimafuna mu funso linauziridwa ndi Mulungu angelo amenewa, koma akutsimikiza maganizo kuti dziko kalelo alendo inatera. N'kutheka kuti pali anthu ambiri, ngati si tonsefe, akuchokera zakuthambo.

Kotero, sitingathe kukusalani kulankhula ndi alendo. N'kutheka kuti msonkhano ndi iwo mwina zichitike. Anthu okonzekera kulandira chizindikiro kuchokera mlenga lenga. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, pulogalamu yapadera yapangidwa ngakhale, limene ife tsopano tikambirane.

pulogalamu SETI

SETI - ndi dzina wamba la zochitika ntchito umalimbana kupanga kukhudzana ndi alendo ndi kufunafuna nzeru zakuthambo. The ofufuza, amene amagwira ntchito mu pulogalamuyi, loto la chinthu chimodzi: kukakwera chizindikiro azilandira kwa anthu a nzeru zakuthambo, kuyesera kulumikiza ndi anthu. Mu 1989, iwo analandira wapadera protocol kukhudzana ndi alendo, umene wodzilemekeza mu 2010.

Mumatani ngati ubale nanu anasiya UFO? Lumikizanani ndi alendo, ndithudi, sangathe zobisika. Komabe, m'pofunika kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa cholinga SETI:

• aliyense anapeza chizindikiro choyamba tiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti zakuthambo nzeru, osati phokoso anthu kapena zachilengedwe Mosakayika gwero lake;
• kufalitsa zotsatira za munthu amene ali ndi chizindikiro chofunika mobisa kuchenjeza oimira SETI, kotero iwo anatha kutsimikiza linakhalapo ndi kuti agwirizane mphamvu kuliphunzira;
• anatulukira adzakhala awadziwitse General Secretariat wa United Nations ndi mayiko zakuthambo Society;
• mbendera ayenera kuti ayankhidwe yekha atakambirana ndi mabungwe a padziko lonse.

Ambiri danga okonda ndayesera kulankhula ndi alendo. Mwatsoka, mpaka tsopano mauthenga onse amene amafotokoza. Kuweruza ndi strangeness ambiri mauthenga awa, ndi chinthu chabwino, chifukwa palibe amene akudziwa chimene alendo ndikuganiza za anthu, ngati iwo amagwira zizindikiro. Tikupereka inu kuti ndizidziwa zoyesayesa wotchuka kwambiri ndi zachilendo kwa kukumana ndi alendo.

Magulu mbewu

Panopa, maonekedwe a dongosolo chodabwitsa zojambula m'minda kawirikawiri amatamanda ndi alendo, koma poyamba ankaganiza kuti m'njira imeneyi si alendo, ndipo anthu akuyesera kulankhula ndi mafuko osadziwika. Choncho, Carl Friedrich Gauss, wotchuka German masamu amene kutifotokozera chidwi geodesy, mu 1820 anaganiza uthenga ayenera kuonekera kwa mbalame diso view kuti alendo mukhoza kuziwerenga izo. Choncho masamu akufuna zotsatirazi: m'pofunika kudula mbali yaikulu ya nayonso Siberia. Iwo ayenera kutenga maonekedwe a makona yaikulu, ndiye kubzala rye wake.

Iyi ndi njira chabe kulankhula ndi alendo, bungwe Gauss ayi. Amadziwika kuti inunso anapanga chipangizo wapadera kupereka wautali kuwala chizindikiro. Iye anaitana helioscope. Ntchito yake yaikulu ndi miyezo geodetic, koma ndi thandizo la anasonyeza dzuwa, "tate wake wa masamu" anali kuyesera kuti kukumana ndi alendo earthlings.

zaka 20 pambuyo pake, Yosefe Von Littrow, ndi Austria zakuthambo, amene ankakhulupirira kuti mwezi zimapezeka, anapereka kukumba zozungulira 30 kilometre ngalande mu Sahara chipululu. Izo zinakonzedwa kudzaza palafini ndi moto usiku, kwa anthu okhala mwezi akutiona. Tikumbukenso kuti asayansi awa - ndi Littrow, ndi Gauss - ankakhulupirira kuti akalumikidzidwa zojambula - ndiyo njira yangwiro kwa uthenga wa alendo malamulo masamu umamumvera chilengedwe chonse.

Kuwala moyikirapo

Kodi alendo angathe kulankhula ndi anthu? Contact, iye ankaganiza Sharl Kro, izo zikhoza kuchitidwa mothandizidwa ndi kuwala. Izi ndakatulo French ndi zatsopano, kamodzi anawona padziko Venus ndi Mars chinazilala magetsi (iwo anali mwina zinthu za nyengo), anaganiza kuti kuwunika kuli mwa mizinda mlendo. Mu 1867, Sharl Kro analemba "mwachidule mgwirizano n'zotheka ndi mapulaneti", ndipo zaka 2 kenako akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito kwa "kupeza" ya magetsi ndi malangizo tsogolo la izo kwa Venus ndi Mars wapadera parabolic galasi. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye anakhulupirira kafukufuku izi, kuwala ndithu ayenera kudzauka kuti ngati Morse code.

Cro adakhulupirira; ndi atsopano kumvetsetsa uthenga osati yowala nyenyezi. Komabe, ofufuza akukayikira kuti mavuto angathetse kalirole yaing'ono. Choncho, anapempha boma la France ndi pempho kukhazikitsa chimphona parabolic imaonetsa penapake mu chipululu. Pempho zatsopano, mwatsoka, anakanidwa, kotero si kutulo ndithu ndakatulo Cro kukhudzana ndi nzeru zakuthambo.

Mbale wa "Apainiya"

NASA kumayambiriro 70 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo anapezerapo malo opanda spacecraft linkadziwika kuti "Mpainiya 10" ndi "Mpainiya 11". Ntchito yawo inali kufufuza Jupiter ndi Saturn, motero. Komabe sitima awa anali odziwika osati kovuta luso stuffing. Mbali anali zachilendo mbale zopangidwa anodized zotayidwa. Zizindikiro zimafunikiranji?

Frenk Dreyk ndi Carl Sagan, ndi zakuthambo wotchuka, ankaganiza kuti kuthandiza atsopano kumvetsa chifukwa phindu "Apainiya". Pa mbale Ufumuyo chombo wakhala schematically zinkaimira dongosolo dzuwa, anapatsidwa mtunda kuchokera Sun lonse lapansi. Komanso, maatomu wa hydrogen pa iwo, amuna ndi akazi Buku.

Mwatsoka, NASA sakugwirizana ndi ngalawa "Mpainiya 10" mu 2003, ndipo zaka 2 kenako, ndipo ndi "Mpainiya 11". Choncho, ife sanapeze ngati alendo kumvetsa Chiwerengerochi. Okayikira akadali kukangana ngati zimenezi ndi zofunika kafukufuku wa sayansi kapena kungoti ndikungowononga ndalama pachabe. Mwina alendo pachangu palibe kulankhula nafe.

mauthenga Space anatumiza anthu amene zovuta zambiri. Iwo angayerekezedwe ndi makapisozi nthawi. Kumbukirani, mwachitsanzo, "Crypt wa Chitukuko", ili mu US boma la Georgia (mu University Olgtorpskom). kapisozi Izi malo, amene anali hermetically losindikizidwa mu 1940. Mkati ndi mndandanda wa zinthu, kuphatikizapo script kuti filimu "Zapita ndi Mphepo" ndi ma CD mowa.

The crypt, ndithudi, pathupi ngati nkhungu chikhalidwe cha m'ma 20, analankhula kwa ana a earthlings. Koma iye, ngati uthenga intergalactic, amapereka lingaliro yosokoneza kwambiri za maonekedwe a chi. Iwo inyamuka kutsegula kudzera zaka 6100. Kumvetsa ngati anthu kuyambira akale filimu "Zapita ndi Mphepo"?

Marek Kultis anafotokoza kuti palibe kutanthauzira n'kovuta zithunzi zojambula za amuna ndi akazi kwa anthu masiku ano padziko lapansi. Komabe, ngati "mpainiya" chiyenera alendo, iwo Akanatha kuganiza kuti munthu - izo zangokhala zosonkhanitsira mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi (tsitsi, nkhope, mwamuna pectoral minofu, naperekanso mu chithunzi mu mawonekedwe a kanjedza chatsekedwa payekha). Kusadziwa earthlings, ife tikhoza kuganiza zoti iwo moyo padziko Chiwerengerochi ndipo zikuimira yaitali zolengedwa njoka ngati (lotseguka mzere, zomwe zikusonyeza mawondo, phewa ndi mimba).

Arecibo Uthenga

Pafupifupi nthawi imodzi monga Launch za "Apainiya" asayansi zikukangalika kukambirana funso ngati n'zotheka kulankhula ndi chitukuko mlendo mothandizidwa ndi chizindikiro wailesi. Amadziwika kuti iwo sali kwambiri anakhudzidwa ndi fumbi dziko, monga kuwala. Komanso, chizindikiro wailesi ndi wautali timaganiza. Anthu Sagan ndi Drake adadza ndi uthenga umene umaphatikizapo manambala 1679. Mu iwo chitetezo DNA chilinganizo, ndi nambala atomiki a hayidirojeni, mpweya ndi zinthu zina. Komanso, mauthenga munali manambala 1 mpaka 10 bayinare.

Asayansi November 16, 1974 anasamutsidwa ku Arecibo Observatory ili Puerto Rico, nthawi wailesi mbendera ya masekondi 169. Anamperekeza iye ku mbali ya M13 nyenyezi limodzi, yomwe ili pa mtunda wa pafupi 25,000 kuwala zaka kuchokera lathuli. Iwo likukhalira kuti ngakhale anthu a nzeru zakuthambo apeza anakumana koyamba ndi alendo unachitikira zaka zosachepera 40 chikwi.

mbale zagolide

The US danga bungwe mu 1977, wapanga Launch mayunitsi awiri, amene ntchito anali kuphunzira za mumlengalenga kunja kwa dongosolo lathu dzuwa. Tikuyankhula zokhudza zipangizo "Voyager 1" ndi "Voyager 2". Aliyense wa iwo anali okonzeka ndi mbale zagolide zomwe zinalembedwa m'nyimbo, zinenero zosiyanasiyana, zikumveka za chilengedwe, ndipo panali zithunzi amene amafotokoza za earthlings lapansi. yemweyo, Karl Sagan nthawi ili yonse anabwera ndi analembedwa pa zotayidwa nkhani ya mbale a chiwembu singano unsembe kwa alendo akhoza kubereka uthenga. Komanso Ufumuyo malangizo kutembenuka kwa chizindikiro kanema pa chithunzichi. Komanso, unkachitika ndi zimene liwiro ayenera kutaya mbale izi.

Lerolino, kagulu kathu ka izi anaulukira kwa m'mphepete mwa dongosolo la zowalitsa. Iwo ali kutali kwambiri kuchokera Earth zinthu yokumba. Onse zipangizozi adakali kutumiza zizindikiro dziko lathuli, koma ife tikanali sanalandire yankho uthenga mlengalenga.

"Dziko Kuitana"

Zaytsev Arkadiy Leonidovich, Russian wasayansi amene amaphunzira asteroids Rada, anatulukira njira kulankhula ndi alendo. Iye kale anatumiza osachepera 5 mauthenga interstellar, zina mwa izo ndi Mipikisano. Back mu 1999 anatumiza woyamba "Space Kuitana" pansi "timu kukhudzana", olengedwa ndi boma. Izi 'kuitana "analembera nyenyezi anayi nthawi imodzi. Zaitseva uthenga wailesi zinali ndi multipage Rosetta Stone. Choncho ufologists wotchedwa bitmap, amene akupereka chidziwitso insaikulopediya za dziko, yoperekedwa kwa anthu.

wachiwiri "Space Kuitana" anaponyedwa mu 2003. Ndi chikhalidwe chawo, zinali pafupifupi ofanana kwa woyamba, koma ankadziwa zambiri zokhudza anthu eni. Onse kalata yoyamba ndi yachiwiri anatumizidwa kudzera inali ku Yalta (Ukraine) mapulaneti Rada. Mwatsoka, nkhani yoti pali kukhudzana ndi alendo, Arkady Leonidovich mpaka anakakamizika kuyankha mu negative. Koma n'zotheka kuti uthenga lidzafika malo zambiri.

Mwa njira, Zaitsev si pamwamba, kuyesera kuti muganize momwe kulankhula ndi alendo. Iye anabwera ndi zotsatirazi: ndi timu kutumiza uthenga wina wailesi mu mlengalenga, ndi zimene zidachitidwa ndi Iye mu 2001. Kuchita ntchito imeneyi, iye anakopeka ophunzira ku Moscow, Voronezh, Kaluga ndi Zheleznogorsk. nthawi iyi, okhutira uthenga lophweka. M'malo mwake, masamu ndi zina zovuta anali luso: Ophunzira zathandiza asayansi kusankha nyimbo oimira mitundu zakuthambo, ndipo anatuma wailesi yoweyula mu njira ya Big wonyika, ndi nyenyezi zina zisanu ndi kachitidwe dzuwa. Choncho liti kulankhula ndi alendo? Ngati sitili tokha m'chilengedwe chonse, "amuna wobiriwira" kale mu 2047 adzatha kusangalala ndi ntchito za Vivaldi, Beethoven ndi Gershwin.

malonda Doritos

EISCAT - Institute Research, umene 2008 yagoletsa kuchita opyola malire. maola asanu izi bungwe ukufalitsidwa malonda tchipisi Doritos mu mlengalenga. Ndi oseketsa kuti cholinga chachikulu cha ntchito imeneyi zikuluzikulu anali kukopa tcheru, osati alendo ndi earthlings. chakuti European kucheza sayansi kwambiri anatilepheretsa ndalama chifukwa cha zomwe ndi akusowa ndalama.

Kuwulutsa malonda zinachitikadi mu mawonekedwe a MPEG-malamulo ndi ikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi makina ounikira. Chandamale omvera malonda izi ndi kuthekera kwa anthu ankakhala mu kuwundana Ursa Major nyenyezi yaing'ono Way, ndilo 42 okha zaka lathuli. Sizikudziwika mmene alendo akachita chiyani ponenera izi. Keyala nkhani anafikapo ndi maganizo a asayansi musataye yankho lomveka ku funso limeneli. Oimira chitukuko zakuthambo kukhala chinsinsi kwa ife.

Latest Photos

Popeza kuti mapeto a dziko, amafunika 2012 sizinachitike, dzina "Latest Photos" lero zikumveka ogwirizana. uthenga uwu dziko ndi kapisozi ndi zithunzi za dziko lathuli ndi anthu ake. Iye panopa Pakuyenda chonse. kapisozi imatumizidwa ku malo ndi cholinga chopeza alendo ndi kuwauza moyo wathu, ngati ena moyo chifukwa Padziko Lapansi nthawi kumathera.

Wojambula Trevor Paglen ndi woyambitsa wa ntchito imeneyi chidwi. Iye bwinobwino anapezerapo mwayi wa chisangalalo chimene chinagwera padziko Chivumbulutso, kuti ndikusonyezeni zithunzi dziko anapanga. Tiyenera kupereka msonkho Paglenu - ntchito zake ndi zokoma. Iwo amaimira moyo wonse wa anthu. Patatha zaka zisanu, wojambula zithunzi kukaonana ndi sayansi yabwino ndi nzeru ena a nthawi yathu, kupanga mafano bwinobwino zotheka. Paglen ndiye kuwatentha ndi wapadera kopitilira muyeso-Archive litayamba, ndiyeno anatumiza mu mlengalenga.

kuwerenga

Pofunafuna kukumana ndi alendo zambiri zochokera ntchito njira zamakono zapamwamba. Komabe, pali anthu amene amati alibe zida kulankhulana ndi alendo. Mmodzi wa iwo - Dr. Stiven Grir, wodziwika chifukwa zopelekedwa filimu "Sirius" anadzipereka kwa anthu a nzeru zakuthambo. Stiven Grir amadziwa yokhudzana ndi alendo. kangapo pachaka, gulu lino la anthu kusonkhanitsa odzipereka, kenako amatenga iwo mu ngodya kwaokha. Amawapatsa magawo kusinkhasinkha zimene ankati nawo zolengedwa mlengalenga.

Ndithudi, izo si umboni kuti kukhudzana weniweni ndi alendo. Komabe, Greer akuti, kuti akhoza kukumana ndi akuluakulu a chitukuko zakuthambo. Pa magawo awa, ena amapita apamwamba mlingo wa manyazi, ndi zotsatira osati kudziwa momwe kuti anakumana ndi alendo, komanso kukumbukira mulo lomaliza. Tikukhulupirira, Greer ndi gulu lake kamodzi osati mantha oimira nzeru zakuthambo, amene mukufuna kulankhula ndi anthu.